TY农村商业银行农户小额贷款风险控制研究

发布时间：2018-04-30 19:34

本文选题：农户小额贷款 + 风险控制　；参考：《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国的金融系统正在逐步的改革与完善,但长期以来针对农村的金融支持力度较小,现有商业银行的主要服务对象偏向于具有实力的大企业,而对于占据我国人口绝大多数的农户而言,其融资需求的缺口仍然较大。我国政府的相关部门推出了一些列解决“三农问题”政策措施,其中就包括支持新型农村中小金融机构稳步向前发展,成为“服务三农”的主力军,并鼓励商业银行大力推进农户小额贷款业务来提升农民的生活水平。目前农村商业银行是农村地区中分布最广、规模最大的农村金融机构,为支持农户增产增收、缩小城乡差距等方面发挥了重要的作用,但是农村商业银行在为农户提供较大的便利的同时,也面临着许多的问题与挑战,这些挑战不仅会影响到其自身发展,同时也会影响农村金融体系的健康发展。因此,提高农村商业银行小额贷款风险控制管理水平具有重要的现实意义。本文基于工作实践,以TY农村商业银行为主体进行深入分析,结合五级分类方法,在充分分析农户小额贷款风险及成因的基础上,对农户小额贷款的风险状况进行科学的评价,旨在提高TY农村商业银行农户小额贷款业务的风险控制能力,并从中分析影响农村金融机构发展的瓶颈问题,为农村其他金融机构的发展提供具有可操作性的对策建议。首先,对国内外农户小额贷款及其风险控制相关文献进行梳理,系统分析我国农户小额贷款的发展历程,通过对金融中介理论、农村金融抑制与金融发展理论、弱势群体理论与贫困理论、信息不对称理论、信贷配给理论等与小额贷款、风险控制相关理论的系统梳理,构建本文的理论基础框架;其次,描述TY农村商业银行的发展情况,并对农户小额贷款业务的现状进行分析,包括农户小额贷款的对象结构、品种结构等,在此基础上重点对TY农村商业银行农户小额贷款面临信用违约风险、内部操作风险以及外部环境风险进行分析,并通过实证分析来揭示农户个体特征对小额贷款资金风险的异质性影响,从整体上把握TY农村商业银行农户小额贷款风险控制存在不足。最后基于本文的理论与实证分析提出农户小额贷款风险控制的对策与保障措施,具体包括:完善征信系统的建设、加强农户的信用意识、完善担保机制、完善贷款资金的贷后管理、提高客户经理的授信质量以及构建多元的市场等服务体系来对各种风险进行防范。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China's financial system is being gradually reformed and improved, but for a long time the financial support for rural areas is relatively small, the main clients of the existing commercial banks tend to have the strength of large enterprises. However, for the farmers who occupy the vast majority of the population in China, the gap of their financing needs is still large. The relevant departments of our government have put forward some policies and measures to solve the "three rural problems", which include supporting the steady development of the new rural small and medium-sized financial institutions and becoming the main force of "serving the three rural areas". And encourage commercial banks to vigorously promote small loans to improve farmers' living standards. At present, rural commercial banks are the most widely distributed and largest rural financial institutions in rural areas. They play an important role in supporting farmers in increasing production and income, narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas, and so on. However, rural commercial banks are facing many problems and challenges, which will not only affect their own development, but also affect the healthy development of rural financial system. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to improve the risk control and management level of small loans in rural commercial banks. Based on the work practice, this paper takes TY rural commercial bank as the main body to carry on the thorough analysis, unifies the five-level classification method, in the thorough analysis peasant household small loan risk and the origin foundation, carries on the scientific appraisal to the farmer small loan risk condition. The purpose of this paper is to improve the risk control ability of rural households' micro-loan business in TY rural commercial banks, and to analyze the bottleneck problems affecting the development of rural financial institutions, and to provide operable countermeasures and suggestions for the development of other rural financial institutions. First of all, the domestic and foreign peasant household microfinance and its risk control related literature are combed, the development course of our country peasant household microfinance is systematically analyzed, through the financial intermediary theory, the rural financial suppression and the financial development theory, Weak group theory and poverty theory, information asymmetry theory, credit rationing theory and small loans, risk control related theories systematically comb, build the theoretical framework of this paper; secondly, describe the development of TY rural commercial banks, On the basis of the analysis of the present situation of peasant households' microfinance business, including the object structure, variety structure and so on, the paper focuses on the credit default risk of the small loans in TY rural commercial banks. The internal operational risk and external environmental risk are analyzed, and the heterogeneity influence of individual characteristics of farmers on the risk of micro-loan funds is revealed through empirical analysis. It is insufficient to grasp the risk control of small loans in TY rural commercial banks as a whole. Finally, based on the theoretical and empirical analysis of this paper, the paper puts forward the countermeasures and security measures for the risk control of farmers' small loans, including: improving the construction of credit information system, strengthening the credit awareness of farmers, and perfecting the guarantee mechanism. Improve the management of loan funds, improve the credit quality of customer managers and build a diversified market system to guard against various risks.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F832.43

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