外商直接投资对山西省出口贸易效应研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 01:55

本文选题：山西省 + FDI　；参考：《山西财经大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：著名学者彼得·德鲁克教授1987年发表的《从国际贸易到国际投资》一文中提到国际贸易对国际投资的依赖性日益增强,国际投资逐渐成为推动各国经济增长的主导力量。在经济一体化的今天,外商直接投资(FDI)不仅使跨国公司避开贸易壁垒,在海外开辟新的市场,也使得东道国企业接触到国际先进技术,进行模仿创新,增强了自身竞争力。但同时,对外贸易依然是经济增长的引擎,FDI与贸易同步增长现象引起国内外学者的关注,贸易效应作为FDI效应的一个重要效应越来越引起重视。改革开放后我国才开始引进外资,经历了“以市场换技术”、吸引大型跨国公司进行投资、从追求数量转变为提高质量的发展阶段。山西省作为中部省份的一员,引进外资的时间较晚于其他发展较快的省份,1984年山西省批准成立第一家合资企业,1985年逐渐有外资进入。2015年山西省实际利用FDI金额为28.70亿美元,较1985年增长了约6673倍。1985到2015三十年间山西省出口贸易总额增长了约36倍,地区生产总值增长了约27倍。可见,研究FDI对山西省出口贸易的影响,以带动山西省经济发展,实现更高水平的“引进来”,更大步伐的“走出去”显得尤为重要。本文学习和借鉴了国内外相关学者的理论知识与实证方法,首先,利用数据和图表对山西省FDI和出口贸易现状进行了分析,分析显示出FDI在山西省三大产业之间分布不均衡,投入第一产业的FDI比重最少,第三产业FDI比重逐年上升,第二产业中在制造业上的FDI比重最大,此外FDI来源国比较单一,来自中国香港的资金达50%以上。从山西省出口方面来说,工业制成品和加工贸易出口增加,但大多集中在低附加值、低技术含量、耗能耗物的产品出口上。其次,利用单位根检验、Johanson协整检验等计量方法对1990-2015年山西省FDI、出口贸易等相关数据的时间序列进行检验并做回归,结果显示FDI对山西省出口贸易规模的扩大和结构的升级有显著推动作用,与此同时,FDI对内资企业出口有显著促进作用。基于理论分析与实证检验结果,本文就山西省如何有效利用FDI促进出口贸易发展提出了相关参考性建议,一是注重完善综合服务体系,加强交通运输设施建设,改善外商直接投资环境;二是对FDI来源国及流向进行引导,使之与产业政策相结合,同时注重提高外企技术溢出效应;三是提升内资企业吸收FDI的能力,从高校、企业入手,培养创新意识,开展产学研合作,注重RD投入,培养创新科技人才,加快本省出口结构的转型升级,促进出口贸易的发展。
[Abstract]:Professor Peter Drucker, a famous scholar in 1987, mentioned that the dependence of international trade on international investment is increasing, and international investment has gradually become the leading force to promote the economic growth of all countries. In today's economic integration, foreign direct investment (FDI) not only makes multinational companies avoid trade barriers and open up new markets overseas, but also makes host country enterprises contact international advanced technology, carry out imitation and innovation, and enhance their competitiveness. At the same time, the phenomenon that foreign trade is still the engine of economic growth has attracted the attention of scholars both at home and abroad. As an important effect of FDI effect, trade effect has attracted more and more attention. After the reform and opening up, China began to introduce foreign capital, experienced "market for technology", attract large multinational companies to invest, from the pursuit of quantity to improve the quality of the development stage. As a member of the central province, Shanxi Province introduced foreign capital later than other provinces that developed faster. In 1984, Shanxi Province approved the establishment of the first joint venture. In 1985, foreign capital gradually entered. In 2015, Shanxi Province actually utilized 2.87 billion US dollars of FDI. It was about 6673 times higher than 1985. Between 1985 and 2015, Shanxi's total export trade increased by about 36 times, and the region's gross domestic product increased by about 27 times. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the impact of FDI on Shanxi's export trade in order to promote the economic development of Shanxi Province, realize a higher level of "introduction" and "go out" with a larger step. This paper studies and draws lessons from the theoretical knowledge and empirical methods of relevant scholars at home and abroad. Firstly, using data and charts to analyze the current situation of FDI and export trade in Shanxi Province, the analysis shows that the distribution of FDI among the three major industries in Shanxi Province is not balanced. The proportion of FDI in the primary industry is the least, the proportion of FDI in the tertiary industry is increasing year by year, and the proportion of FDI in the manufacturing industry is the largest in the secondary industry. In addition, the source country of FDI is relatively single, and the capital from Hong Kong of China reaches more than 50%. In terms of Shanxi's exports, the exports of manufactured goods and processing trade have increased, but most of them are concentrated in the exports of products with low added value, low technology content and energy consumption. Secondly, the time series of FDI, export trade and other related data from 1990 to 2015 in Shanxi Province were tested and regressed by using unit root test and Johanson cointegration test. The results show that FDI has a significant role in promoting the expansion of export trade scale and the upgrading of the structure of Shanxi Province, and at the same time, it has a significant role in promoting the export of domestic enterprises. Based on the theoretical analysis and empirical results, this paper puts forward some suggestions on how to effectively use FDI to promote the development of export trade in Shanxi Province. The first is to improve the comprehensive service system and strengthen the construction of transportation facilities. To improve the environment for foreign direct investment; second, to guide the source countries and direction of FDI, so as to combine it with industrial policies, and at the same time to focus on enhancing the technology spillover effect of foreign enterprises; third, to enhance the ability of domestic enterprises to absorb FDI, starting with universities and enterprises. We should cultivate the consciousness of innovation, carry out the cooperation of industry, university and research, pay attention to R D input, train innovative scientific and technological talents, speed up the transformation and upgrading of the export structure of our province, and promote the development of export trade.
【学位授予单位】：山西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F832.6

【参考文献】