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人民币加入特别提款权货币篮子的影响研究

发布时间:2018-10-22 17:32
【摘要】:2016年10月1日,人民币正式加入特别提款权货币篮子。这是国际货币基金组织首次将发展中国家的主权货币加入货币篮子。人民币加入货币篮子之后,篮子中美元占比41.73%,欧元是30.93%,人民币占10.92%,日元的比例是8.33%,剩下的8.09%为英镑。新兴经济体的崛起,为全球经济注入新的活力,以中国为代表的发展中国家对世界经济增长作出的巨大贡献不容忽视。人民币纳入货币篮子,标志着人民币得到国际社会的认可,人民币在今后会与其他主要货币一同发挥国际储备货币的职能。这是人民币国际化的里程碑,也标志着国际货币体系改革迈出了重要的一步,这将会对国际货币体系和中国产生深远的影响。关于人民币加入货币篮子产生的影响,主要从三个方面进行分析。第一部分考察了对特别提款权自身带来的影响。特别提款权自设立以来,存在许多缺陷。在国际储备体系中占有的比重非常小,没有很好地发挥它的作用。其次,货币篮子中原有的四种货币都来自于发达国家,在世界多极化发展的大环境下,不能满足世界经济发展的需要,也无法满足新兴经济体的诉求。人民币加入货币篮子之后,将会增强特别提款权的代表性,进一步提高其稳定性和合理性,特别提款权在未来会发挥更大的作用。第二部分分析了对国际货币体系的影响。国际货币体系经过一系列改革之后,依然存在着如储备货币以美元为主,汇率波动不稳定等内在稳定性缺陷。人民币纳入货币篮子,会增加储备货币种类的多元化,提高国际储备体系的稳定性,减少国际汇率的波动幅度,对国际货币体系的改革起到极大地推动作用。第三部分研究了对我国的影响。人民币纳入货币篮子是人民币国际化取得的成就之一,同时会进一步促进人民币国际化。人民币成为国际储备货币,将会提升中国的国际地位,增强中国在国际经济事务中的话语权。由于中国的金融市场发展还不够成熟,人民币纳入货币篮子会倒逼我国金融制度的改革,加速资本项目可兑换。人民币加入货币篮子对于我国的影响是多方面的,不仅有积极作用,还带来了一定的风险。我国在加速改革开放的同时,会受到投机资本的冲击。此外汇率的大幅波动会对国内金融市场产生一定的影响。文章的最后对全文总结并提出对策建议。我国应该全面提高金融机构的抗风险能力,有效创新货币政策,合理加强货币管理,大力发展实体经济,稳步推进各项改革,为人民币提供更加坚实的国内基础和发展后盾。
[Abstract]:On October 1, 2016, the RMB formally joined the basket of SDR currencies. This is the first time the IMF has added a developing country's sovereign currency to the basket. After the yuan joined the basket, the dollar was 41.73, the euro was 30.933, the yuan was 10.92, the yen was 8.33, and the remaining 8.09 percent was sterling. The rise of emerging economies has injected new vitality into the global economy, and the tremendous contributions made by developing countries, represented by China, to world economic growth cannot be ignored. The inclusion of the yuan in the basket marks the international recognition of the yuan, which will act as an international reserve currency alongside other major currencies in the future. This is a milestone in the internationalization of the renminbi and marks an important step forward in the reform of the international monetary system, which will have a profound impact on the international monetary system and on China. The impact of RMB joining the currency basket is analyzed from three aspects. The first part examines the impact on SDR itself. Since the SDR was established, there have been many shortcomings. The international reserve system occupies a very small proportion and does not play its role well. Secondly, the original four currencies in the basket come from developed countries. Under the environment of multi-polar development of the world, they can not meet the needs of world economic development, nor can they meet the demands of emerging economies. When the yuan joins the basket, it will enhance the representativeness of SDRs, which will play a greater role in the future. The second part analyzes the impact on the international monetary system. After a series of reforms, the international monetary system still has some inherent stability defects, such as the dollar as the reserve currency and the instability of the exchange rate. The inclusion of RMB in the basket of currencies will increase the diversity of reserve currencies, improve the stability of the international reserve system, reduce the fluctuation of international exchange rates, and play a great role in promoting the reform of the international monetary system. The third part studies the influence on our country. The inclusion of RMB in the currency basket is one of the achievements of RMB internationalization and will further promote RMB internationalization. The renminbi's role as an international reserve currency will enhance China's international position and its voice in international economic affairs. Since China's financial market is not mature enough, the inclusion of RMB in the currency basket will force the reform of China's financial system and speed up capital account convertibility. The impact of RMB joining the basket on our country is not only positive, but also brings some risks. Our country accelerates the reform and opening at the same time, will suffer the speculative capital impact. In addition, large fluctuations in the exchange rate will have a certain impact on domestic financial markets. Finally, the article summarizes the full text and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions. China should comprehensively improve the ability of financial institutions to resist risks, effectively innovate monetary policy, reasonably strengthen monetary management, vigorously develop the real economy, and steadily push forward various reforms so as to provide a more solid domestic foundation and backing for the development of RMB.
【学位授予单位】:吉林大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:F832.6

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