双创背景下兵团农业专业组织融资困境及对策研究

发布时间：2019-06-22 08:14

【摘要】：农业发展是我国国民经济发展的重中之重,国家不断重视农业发展,从2004至2015年,连续11年发布以“三农”为主题的中央一号文件,兵团也不断强调“三农”发展在兵团现代农业发展过程中的重要地位,确定以农业现代化建设为中心的发展思路。农业专业组织作为兵团现代农业发展过程中的重要组织载体和新型组织模式,对兵团现代农业的发展有着重要影响。在“大众创新、万众创业”背景下,以创新推动兵团农业专业组织的发展,是推进农业经营体制机制创新的现实需要,也是促进团场职工多元增收、促进原连队居住区转型发展、推进精准扶贫的有效载体,是促进大众创业、万众创新的有效平台。目前兵团农业专业组织大多处于起步阶段,由于其规模小、管理机制不健全、抗风险性弱等因素的影响,在发展中面临着融资难的问题,融资难已成为制约合作社发展的关键因素,解决其融资问题是现阶段急需解决的首要问题。本文首先阐述了农业专业组织融资的相关概念,描述了兵团农业专业组织发展的现状,其次,通过对91家农业专业组织的问卷调查,对兵团农业专业组织融资现状和融资困境进行分析,从农业专业组织、金融机构、政府机构三方面深入研究造成农业专业组织融资困境的原因,并提出解决农业专业组织融资困境的对策建议。通过研究得出以下几个方面的结论:(1)内源性融资是兵团农业专业组织融资主要来源,76.9%农业专业组织的资金来源渠道主要是通过内部积累;23.1%的农业专业组织主要通过财政支持和金融机构贷款进行融资。(2)双创背景下兵团农业专业组织存在融资申请难、融资成本高和融资风险高的困境。(3)兵团农业专业组织融资困境的成因分为农业专业组织、金融机构和政策环境三个层面。农业专业组织层面:农业专业组织规模小,运作机制不规范;风险防范性差,推高信贷风险;自身信用低,贷款抵押不足。金融机构层面:涉农金融服务体系不健全、信贷资源分配不均衡;金融机构有效供给不足,金融产品单一;担保体系不健全。政策环境层面:政府支持力度不够;考核制度不健全,政策实施缺乏时效;融资担保服务平台不健全。(4)双创背景下有利于兵团农业专业组织融资的因素有农业专业组织规模的扩大、经营效益的提高、业务范围的扩大,农业专业组织的评定等级的提升以及经营模式及业务的创新。(5)解决兵团农业专业组织融资困境可以从专业组织、金融机构及政府政策三个层面着手。农业专业组织层面:加强品牌建设,提高自身融资能力;加强信用管理,建立良好的银企关系。金融机构层面:创新金融机构业务流程和授信管理;加快金融组织体系建设,拓宽融资渠道;创新融产品,丰富信贷方式;政府政策层面:加强对农业专业组织宣传和培训,强化管理监督;完善配套设施,加快农业专业组织创新发展;加大对农业专业组织的扶持力度;拓宽融资渠道,完善农业专业组织信贷体系;加强金融监管,创新投融资平台建设。
[Abstract]:The development of agriculture is the top priority of the development of our national economy, and the state pays great attention to the development of agriculture. From the period of 2004 to 2015, the first document on the theme of "rural and rural areas" is issued in 11 consecutive years, and the Corps also continuously emphasizes the important position of the "rural and rural areas" development in the development of the modern agricultural development of the Corps. The development idea of the construction of the agricultural modernization as the center is determined. As an important organization carrier and new organization model in the process of the modern agriculture development of the Corps, the agricultural professional organization has an important influence on the development of the modern agriculture of the Corps. in that context of the "public innovation and the whole business", the innovation of the development of the agricultural professional organization of the regiment is the realistic need to promote the innovation of the agricultural operation system mechanism, and the effective carrier for promoting the transformation and development of the original company's residential area and promoting the precision poverty alleviation, and is an effective carrier for promoting the development of the mass entrepreneurship, The effective platform of the innovation of the whole world. At present, most of the agricultural specialized organizations of the Corps are in the initial stage, because of the small scale, the management mechanism is not sound, the anti-risk is weak and so on, the problem of financing difficulty is faced in the development, the financing difficulty has become a key factor to restrict the development of the cooperative, To solve the problem of financing is the first problem that needs to be solved at this stage. This paper first expounds the related concepts of the financing of agricultural professional organizations, describes the current situation of the development of the agricultural professional organizations of the Corps, and then, through the questionnaire of the 91 agricultural professional organizations, analyzes the financing status and the financing dilemma of the agricultural professional organizations of the Corps, and from the agricultural professional organizations, The three aspects of the financial institutions and government agencies have studied the causes of the financing difficulties of the agricultural professional organizations, and put forward some countermeasures to solve the problems of the financing of the agricultural professional organizations. The conclusions are as follows: (1) endogenous financing is the main source of the financing of the agricultural professional organizations of the Corps, and 76.9% of the sources of funds of the agricultural professional organizations are mainly accumulated through the inside; 23.1 per cent of agricultural professional organizations are financed mainly through financial support and financial institutions' loans. (2) The difficulty of financing application, high financing cost and high financing risk in the agricultural professional organizations of the Corps in Shuang-chuang background. (3) The cause of the financing dilemma of the agricultural professional organizations of the Corps is divided into three levels: the agricultural professional organization, the financial institution and the policy environment. The agricultural professional organization level: the small scale and the operation mechanism of the agricultural professional organizations are small, the risk prevention is poor, the credit risk is pushed up, the credit is low, and the loan mortgage is insufficient. The financial institutions level: the non-sound financial service system of the agriculture-related financial services and the uneven distribution of the credit resources; the effective supply of the financial institutions is insufficient; the financial products are single; and the guarantee system is not sound. Policy environment level: the government support is not enough; the assessment system is not sound, the policy implementation is lack of time limitation; the financing guarantee service platform is not sound. (4) The factors contributing to the financing of the agricultural professional organizations of the Corps under the double-created background are the expansion of the scale of the agricultural professional organizations, the improvement of the operation efficiency, the expansion of the business scope, the improvement of the evaluation grade of the agricultural professional organizations, and the innovation of the operation mode and the business. (5) The difficulty of the financing of the agricultural professional organizations of the Corps can be set out from the three aspects of the professional organization, the financial institution and the government policy. The agricultural professional organization level: strengthen the brand construction, improve the self-financing ability, strengthen the credit management, and establish a good bank-enterprise relationship. At the financial institution level: to innovate the business process and credit management of financial institutions; to speed up the construction of the financial organization system and to broaden the financing channels; to innovate and melt the products and to enrich the way of credit; the government policy level: to strengthen the publicity and training of the agricultural professional organizations, to strengthen the management and supervision, and to improve the supporting facilities, We should speed up the innovation and development of the agricultural professional organizations, increase the support to the agricultural professional organizations, broaden the financing channels and improve the credit system of the agricultural professional organizations, and strengthen the construction of the financial supervision and innovation and financing platform.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F832.4

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