建筑用反射隔热涂料节能效果研究

发布时间：2018-01-28 22:17

  本文关键词： 反射隔热涂料 建筑外墙 太阳辐射吸收系数 能耗模拟 节能效果　出处：《浙江大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：建筑用反射隔热涂料能反射大部分太阳光,达到隔热降温的目的,有效降低夏季空调能耗,然而冬季会增大采暧能耗。目前反射隔热涂料的研究主要侧重于产品本身,特别是反射率和发射率指标,但如何与节能效果形成直接关联研究较少,也不明确,尤其是针对夏热冬冷地区更为突出。至今尚无系统可行的建筑用反射隔热涂料节能效果评估方法,使节能验收和市场推广受到很大影响。因此,对反射隔热涂料全年能耗研究及节能效果评估方法的研究具有重要的意义。 对此,本文通过对太阳辐射模型和建筑外表面热作用分析相结合,阐述了建筑用反射隔热涂料的隔热机理,提出太阳辐射吸收系数是表征其热工性能的有效参数,并为反射隔热涂料的采暖空调能耗模拟和节能效果评估提供了理论支持。 通过采暖空调能耗影响因素模拟分析,发现采暖期室内设计温度,采暖期、空调期计算期的划分,用能模式对能耗影响较大,为合理评估反射隔热涂料的节能效果,需分别计算不同条件下反射隔热涂料的节能率。通过对外墙外表面太阳辐射吸收系数为0.1-0.9的建筑能耗模拟分析,建立了太阳辐射吸收系数与采暖能耗、空调能耗、全年能耗及全年节能率的回归方程。并通过DeST模拟计算了外墙使用反射隔热涂料和普通饰面的采暖空调能耗,得到反射隔热涂料相对普通饰面的全年节能率,结果表明：按照节能设计标准,反射隔热涂料的全年节能率0,表现为反节能；当以节能设计标准为基础,对采暖期室内设计温度进行调整,分别从18℃降至16℃、14℃、12℃,反射隔热涂料的全年节能率0,分别约为0.2%、0.9%、2%,节能率逐渐增大；在16℃基础上,继续调整采暖期、空调期的计算期,分别以浙江省北区气候区、浙江省气候数据调研结果、浙江省南区气候区所划分的采暖空调计算期为基础,由此得出反射隔热涂料全年节能率分别约为0.9%、2.6%、3.8%,随着采暖空调计算期的调整,尤其是采暖期计算期缩短幅度的增大,反射隔热涂料表现出越来越明显的节能效果；在此基础上,继续对用能模式进行调整,采用间歇式用能,反射隔热涂料全年节能率分别约为1.7%、3.8%、6.4%；反射隔热涂料节能效果的评估,需结合各地气候参数,合理设置采暖期室内设计温度,采暖期、空调期计算期及用能模式。 另外,通过热箱试验,测试计算反射隔热涂料的隔热温差和等效热阻,并对该试验方法和评估指标进行了探讨。指出由于模拟光源与太阳光光谱相差较大,热箱法所测隔热温差并不代表反射隔热涂料实际的隔热效果,该测试方法有待改进；且用等效热阻表征反射隔热涂料的热工性能与原理不符,等效热阻的计算方法及概念的合理性还有待于进一步研究和探讨。
[Abstract]:Architectural reflective heat insulation coating can reflect most of the sunlight, achieve the purpose of heat insulation and cooling, and effectively reduce the energy consumption of air conditioning in summer. However, heating energy consumption will be increased in winter. At present, the research of reflective and thermal insulation coatings mainly focuses on the product itself, especially the reflectivity and emissivity index, but how to form a direct correlation with the energy saving effect is less and unclear. Especially for the hot summer and cold winter area more prominent. So far there is no systematic and feasible evaluation method of energy efficiency of architectural reflective and thermal insulation coatings, which greatly affects the acceptance of energy conservation and market promotion. It is of great significance to study the annual energy consumption and energy efficiency evaluation of reflective heat insulation coatings. In this paper, the thermal insulation mechanism of architectural reflective heat insulation coatings is expounded by combining the solar radiation model with the analysis of thermal action on the outer surface of buildings. Solar radiation absorption coefficient is an effective parameter to characterize its thermal performance and provides theoretical support for energy consumption simulation and energy saving effect evaluation of heating and air conditioning with reflective heat insulation coating. Through the simulation analysis of the influencing factors of heating air conditioning energy consumption, it is found that the division of indoor design temperature, heating period and calculation period of air conditioning period during heating period, and the energy use mode have great influence on energy consumption. In order to evaluate the energy saving effect of reflective heat insulation coating reasonably. It is necessary to calculate the energy saving rate of reflective heat insulation coatings under different conditions, and to simulate the energy consumption of buildings whose solar radiation absorption coefficient is 0.1-0.9 on the outer surface of external wall. Solar radiation absorption coefficient, heating energy consumption and air conditioning energy consumption are established. Regression equation of annual energy consumption and annual energy saving rate. The heating and air conditioning energy consumption of external wall using reflective heat insulation coating and general decoration was calculated by DeST simulation. The annual energy saving rate of reflective heat insulation coating is obtained. The results show that according to the energy saving design standard, the annual energy saving rate of reflective heat insulation coating is 0, which is shown as inverse energy saving. When the indoor design temperature is adjusted from 18 鈩，

本文编号：1471698