基于物联网的超高层建筑火灾应急疏散系统研究

发布时间：2018-01-31 15:33

本文关键词： 物联网动态博弈模型超高层建筑迪彻斯特算法　出处：《安徽工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当代,互联网加速发展产生大数据,大数据加速互联网的快速演进。作为大数据时代的重要环节,物联网的发展不容小觑。超高层作为一种发展尚不成熟的建筑类型,一旦发生火灾,损失必然巨大。基于此,本文致力于构建一个基于物理网的超高层建筑火灾应急疏散系统,这对于火灾监控、人员应急疏散方面的研究都具有重要意义。在文章中,将基于物联网的超高层建筑火灾应急疏散系统研究分为系统总体结构的研究、数据采集模块的研究、信息分析模块的研究、决策处理模块的研究四个部分来进行。系统的总体结构研究是系统设计的基石,是系统分模块研究的出发点和最终归宿。本文在这部分研究中,采用总分的研究方法,先对超高层建筑火灾应急疏散系统的总体结构进行分析,再将该系统拆分成三大模块,逐一攻克这些模块,使得全篇对整个系统的研究更具条理性。火灾探测器是数据采集部分的关键所在,因此在这部分重点研究物联网技术下火灾探测网络的节点设计及火灾探测器的布点设计。在火灾探测网络节点研究部分,结合超高层建筑相关设计规范确定了节点的布置,使得节点设计更具科学性。在火灾探测器布点选择方面,从经济性的角度出发,通过引入斯塔克尔伯格模型思想,研究出一种新型的火灾探测器布点优选方法。信息分析模块是连接数据采集模块和决策处理模块的桥梁,在信息分析模块的研究中,摒除传统的以人为主体,系统起辅助决策作用的设计思路,转而提出一种创新的设计思路,即以人和系统作为双主体,通过研究二者之间的动态博弈关系为做出更加科学合理的决策打下坚实的基础。数据采集和信息分析都是为了最终的决策,本文将决策处理的重点放在疏散路径优化的研究上。首先选取四个影响路径选择的最主要因素,接着通过运用基于灰色关联度求解指标权重的改进方法量化四个指标的权重,再根据建筑图纸抽象构造出等效单权重应急疏散网络图,最后比选两个经典的算法即Dijkstra算法和Floyd算法,以Matlab作为辅助计算工具,通过实际案例分析确定选取Dijkstra算法找出了最优的应急疏散路径。推陈才能出新,这项研究对于超高层建筑而言,无论是在造价成本上还是应急管理上都是一种全新突破,这必将会引导超高层建筑的发展走向成熟。
[Abstract]:In the contemporary era, the rapid development of the Internet has produced big data, big data accelerated the rapid evolution of the Internet, as an important link in the big data era. The development of the Internet of things can not be underestimated. As a kind of building type which is not yet mature, once the fire occurs, the loss will be huge. Based on this. This paper is devoted to building a super high-rise building fire emergency evacuation system based on physical network, which is of great significance for the study of fire monitoring and personnel emergency evacuation. The research on fire emergency evacuation system of super high-rise building based on Internet of things is divided into the research of the system structure, the research of data acquisition module and the research of information analysis module. The overall structure of the system is the cornerstone of the system design, is the starting point and final destination of the system sub-module research. In this part of the study. Using the research method of total score, the overall structure of fire emergency evacuation system of super high-rise building is analyzed first, then the system is divided into three modules, one by one to conquer these modules. It makes the whole study of the whole system more coherent. The fire detector is the key of data acquisition. So this part focuses on the node design of fire detection network and the layout design of fire detector under the technology of Internet of things. Combined with the design code of super high-rise building, the node layout is determined, which makes the node design more scientific. In the selection of fire detector placement, from the point of view of economy. By introducing Stackelberg model, a new method of location optimization of fire detector is developed. The information analysis module is a bridge between data acquisition module and decision processing module. In the research of information analysis module, we put aside the traditional idea of "people as the main body and the system as the assistant decision-making role", and put forward an innovative design idea, that is, the human and the system as the dual subject. Through the study of the dynamic game relationship between the two to make a more scientific and reasonable decision to lay a solid foundation. Data collection and information analysis are for the final decision. In this paper, the decision processing is focused on the study of evacuation path optimization. Firstly, four main factors affecting path selection are selected. Then the weight of the four indexes is quantified by the improved method based on grey correlation degree, and then the equivalent single weight emergency evacuation network diagram is constructed according to the abstract construction drawing. At last, two classical algorithms, Dijkstra algorithm and Floyd algorithm, are selected, and Matlab is used as the assistant computing tool. The Dijkstra algorithm is selected to find out the optimal emergency evacuation path through the actual case analysis. Whether in cost or emergency management, it is a new breakthrough, which will lead the development of super high-rise buildings to maturity.
【学位授予单位】：安徽工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TP391.44;TN929.5;TU998.1

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