长汀县三洲古村落景观空间特征及其保护研究

发布时间：2018-02-04 20:16

本文关键词： 三洲古村落景观空间保护　出处：《福建农林大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：古村落是人类长期以来居住智慧的结晶,随着社会经济的快速发展,古村落正面临着多种威胁。针对目前古村落景观空间不断被挤占、古村落空废化、村落发展与保护矛盾等问题,论文通过对长汀县三洲古村落景观空间进行研究,目的在于挖掘三洲古落规划布局、空间利用、景观营造等方面的设计方法,传承与延续闽西地域文化景观,为古村落的继承、发展以及保护等方面做出理论上的探讨。针对三洲古村落景观空间的研究,通过现场测绘、空间结构分析、空间类型分析等方法,将村落景观空间分为村落外部景观空间和村落内部景观空间两部分,并从村落空间结构、空间类型、空间组成元素、空间序列等方面对三洲村的景观空间形态进行了分析,得出以下结论：(1)三洲村总体呈现出“水、田、村、山”的空间格局。三洲村村落与外部自然环境有机结合,和谐统一,并受到人文与风水观念的影响村落平面形态呈船形。村落以老街为主轴,形成以各姓氏宗祠为核心的团状型相互嵌入式组合的村落结构。(2)三洲村内部景观空间有机结合了道路、水系、地形地貌,尊重自然。村落内空间结构井然有序,形成了以道路街巷为空间骨架的村落景观肌理；以宗祠建筑为礼制中心、寺庙建筑为信仰中心、民居庭院为生活核心的生活空间体系；以广场空间、绿地空间、入口空间等构建了村落的活动空间体系；以寺庙、祠堂以及书院为主体的社会性活动空间体系,并利用地形构筑城墙形成人工防卫体系。(3)三洲村内的两条空间序列路线并联式组合,空间组合秩序表现为以道路为骨架,结合建筑、水系、广场形成线性空间肌理,空间由村落边界到建筑空间形成“开敞一半开敞一半封闭一封闭”的空间过渡,空间序列丰富,空间等级明显。(4)三洲村景观空间表现出的对场地条件与文化特质的尊重以及适宜于人的活动的空间尺度设计,对现代城镇景观设计具有借鉴意义。针对三洲古村落景观空间的保护,本文从村落景观空间所面临的问题入手,分析村落内各类景观空间的现状,提出村落景观空间的保护原则和保护策略,并且针对不同类型的景观空间提出相应的保护措施。研究认为,三洲古村落景观空间的保护应该在尊重传统文化、历史和村落特有的民俗的前提下进行,村落景观的保护必须依靠政府相关部门的引导,发挥村民保护村落的积极性,传承村落景观空间的传统文化。
[Abstract]:Ancient villages are the crystallization of human living wisdom for a long time. With the rapid development of social economy, ancient villages are facing a variety of threats. Through the research on the landscape space of the ancient village in Changting County, the purpose of this paper is to excavate the design methods of the layout, space utilization and landscape construction of the ancient village in Changting County. Inheritance and continuation of the cultural landscape of western Fujian, for the inheritance, development and protection of ancient villages to make a theoretical discussion. In view of the three ancient villages landscape space research, through field mapping, spatial structure analysis. Space type analysis and other methods, the village landscape space is divided into the external landscape space and the village interior landscape space two parts, and from the village space structure, space type, space composition elements. Space sequence and other aspects of the analysis of the landscape space form of Sanzhou Village, we can draw the following conclusion: "Water, Field, Village" is the overall appearance of "water, field, village" in Sanzhou village. The village of Sanzhou combines organically with the external natural environment, harmoniously unifies, and receives the humanities and the geomantic idea influence the village plane shape to present the boat shape. The village takes the old street as the main axis. Form the village structure with cluster type and mutual embedded combination with each family name ancestral hall as the core.) the interior landscape space of Sanzhou Village combines road, water system, topography and geomorphology organically. Respecting the nature, the spatial structure of the village is orderly, forming the village landscape texture with the road, street and lane as the space skeleton; The center of ritual system is the ancestral building, the temple building is the belief center, and the residential courtyard is the living space system of the core of life. The active space system of the village is constructed by square space, green space space, entrance space and so on. Taking temples, ancestral halls and academies as the main body of the social activity space system, and using the terrain to construct the wall to form artificial defense system. The space combination order is expressed as the road as the skeleton, the building, the water system, the square forms the linear space texture, the space from the village boundary to the building space forms "open half open half open one closed" space transition. The landscape space of Sanzhou village shows respect for the site conditions and cultural characteristics as well as the design of spatial scale suitable for human activities. For the protection of the landscape space of ancient villages in three continents, this paper starts with the problems faced by the landscape space of villages, and analyzes the current situation of all kinds of landscape space in the villages. Proposed the village landscape space protection principle and the protection strategy, and proposed the corresponding protection measure for the different kind of landscape space. The research believed that the three continents ancient village landscape space protection should be in the respect of the traditional culture. Under the premise of history and folk custom, the protection of the village landscape must rely on the guidance of the relevant government departments, give play to the enthusiasm of the villagers to protect the village, and inherit the traditional culture of the village landscape space.
【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU982.29

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