基于遗址保护理念的遗址博物馆建筑整体性设计研究

发布时间：2018-02-16 04:38

  本文关键词： 遗址 保护 遗址博物馆 整体性 建筑设计　出处：《华南理工大学》2015年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：历史文化遗产是人类文明发展的真实见证,对于人类了解历史、认识自我、促进发展有着重要作用。随着时代的进步,保护历史文化遗产越来越受到国际社会和各个国家的重视。考古遗址是历史文化遗产的重要组成部分,具有历史、文化和科学价值,如何保护和利用好遗址是摆在当今社会面前的严肃课题。1956年,西安半坡博物馆建成开放,我国成为世界上较早建设遗址博物馆建筑进行遗址保护与展示的国家。此后,我国陆续建成了大量的遗址博物馆建筑,遗址博物馆建筑成为文化遗产保护事业中不可或缺的重要组成部分。但是,当前关于遗址博物馆建筑的研究大多倾向于建筑实践,比较缺乏多元化、多角度、多层次的系统性研究。事实上,遗址博物馆建筑作为遗址保护和利用的方式,受文化遗产保护和博物馆职能发展的制约和影响,涉及学科广泛,更具有复杂性,有待于研究和实践的进一步总结和完善。建筑师是参与遗址保护过程中不可或缺的重要角色,而目前对于如何设计遗址博物馆建筑,即遗址博物馆建筑设计在面对遗址保护的问题时,关于建筑需要保护什么、为什么保护、如何保护等问题仍然存在一定的困惑和争议。因此,论文以遗址保护理念为基点,以文化遗产保护理念与博物馆发展趋势为外因,以遗址保护与展示利用为内核,融贯多元学科,将系统整体性与遗址博物馆建筑相融合,建构了具有核心性、开放性、适应性、多样性、模糊性和协同性遗址博物馆建筑整体性设计观念,探索了基于遗址保护理念的遗址博物馆建筑整体性设计理论。遗址保护与利用强调“真实性、完整性、最小干预性和可识别性”,“空间适用、环境协调、技术适宜、形态适应”是构成遗址博物馆建筑整体性设计的“四要素”。只有各要素满足遗址保护的要求,才会实现基于保护理念的遗址博物馆建筑的总体目标。论文主要分为四部分:第一部分是第一章,主要论述课题研究的背景、研究现状、课题研究目的和意义、研究方法和框架等内容。第二部分是第二章和第三章,在对历史文化遗产保护与展示相关理论、博物馆发展、遗址保护和遗址博物馆建筑整体性认知的基础上,明确遗址博物馆建筑需要保护什么和为什么保护的问题,探索了基于保护理念建筑整体性设计理论框架,提出整体协同设计方法。第三部分包括第四章、第五章、第六章和第七章,针对遗址保护的真实性、完整性、最小干预性、可识别性原则,对应遗址博物馆建筑的空间、环境、技术、形式展开研究,重点解决遗址博物馆建筑怎样保护遗址的问题,提出基于保护理念的“环境协调,空间适用、技术适宜、形态适应”的建筑设计策略。第四部分是结论,建构建筑整体性设计观念、探索建筑整体性理论、实施建筑整体性设计策略,对遗址博物馆建筑发展具有理论和现实意义。最后,对遗址博物馆建筑未来的发展提出展望。
[Abstract]:Historical and cultural heritage is the true witness of the development of human civilization. It plays an important role in understanding history, understanding oneself and promoting development. The preservation of the historical and cultural heritage has received increasing attention from the international community and various countries. Archaeological sites are an important part of the historical and cultural heritage and of historical, cultural and scientific value, How to protect and make good use of the ruins is a serious subject in front of today's society. In 1956, the Banpo Museum in Xi'an was completed and opened, and China became the country that built the ruins museum buildings earlier in the world to protect and display the ruins. A large number of heritage museum buildings have been built in China, and the ruins museum architecture has become an indispensable part of the cultural heritage protection. However, most of the current research on the ruins museum architecture tends to the architectural practice. In fact, as a way of conservation and utilization of heritage sites, heritage museum buildings are restricted and influenced by the protection of cultural heritage and the development of museum functions, and involve a wide range of disciplines. Architect is an indispensable and important role in the process of site protection, but at present, how to design heritage museum buildings, That is, when the architectural design of ruins museum is faced with the problem of site protection, there are still some puzzles and controversies about what the architecture needs to be protected, why and how to protect it. Therefore, the thesis takes the idea of site protection as the basic point. Taking the idea of cultural heritage protection and the development trend of museum as the external cause, taking the protection and display of the site as the core, combining the multi-disciplinary, the system integrity and the building of the museum are integrated, and the core, openness and adaptability are constructed. Diversity, fuzziness and synergetic architectural integrity design concept of museum architecture is explored in this paper, which is based on the concept of site protection. The conservation and utilization of sites emphasize "authenticity, integrity, integrity, integrity". "minimum interventionality and identifiability", "space applicability, environmental coordination, technical suitability, and morphological adaptation" are the "four elements" that constitute the overall design of a heritage museum building. Only each element meets the requirements of site protection. The thesis is divided into four parts: the first part is the first chapter, which mainly discusses the background, the current situation, the purpose and significance of the research. The second part is the second and third chapters, which are based on the theory of historical and cultural heritage protection and display, museum development, site protection and the overall cognition of museum architecture. This paper makes clear what and why the heritage museum buildings need to be protected, explores the theoretical framework of architectural integrity design based on the concept of conservation, and puts forward the method of overall collaborative design. The third part includes 4th chapters, 5th chapters. Chapter 6th and Chapter 7th, focusing on the principles of authenticity, integrity, minimum interventionability, identifiability, corresponding space, environment, technology and form of heritage museum building, This paper focuses on how to protect the ruins of the museum buildings, and puts forward the architectural design strategy of "environmental coordination, space application, appropriate technology and morphological adaptation" based on the concept of protection. Part 4th is the conclusion. It is of theoretical and practical significance to construct architectural integrity design concept, explore architectural integrity theory and implement architectural integrity design strategy. Finally, the future development of ruins museum architecture is prospected.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU242.5
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本文编号：1514676