砌体结构典型震害分析及试验研究

发布时间：2018-10-17 22:38

【摘要】：近些年国内外多次发生了高等级的地震灾害,使得人们关注的焦点从逃生自救逐渐转向了建筑结构自身的抗震安全上来。但在我国,早期建设的房屋均以砌体结构为主。在这些砌体结构建筑的建设过程中,施工质量参差不齐,而当时的设计规范,技术标准有限,计算分析理论及必须的设防措施也不完善,导致地震后砌体结构往往会遭受严重的破坏并且给人民群众生命和财产造成巨大的损失。在九十年代之后,我国的《砌体结构设计规范》进行了多次修订,设计标准进一步提高,使得此后的新建砌体建筑结构的安全性得以提高。但是那些经历了历史岁月的早期建设的砌体结构住宅仍然大量存在,其地震导致的安全隐患仍不容忽视。因此,确保早期砌体结构的安全使用,分析典型砌体结构的震害特点,探讨典型砌体结构的震害机理具有积极的现实意义。目前对于砌体结构的研究多以新规范下的砌体结构为研究对象,或者对既有的砌体结构进行改造和加固研究,而对砌体结构的典型震害分析及相关试验研究较少。本课题在以收集到的资料进行整理和归纳的基础上,对砌体结构的典型震害现象、破坏形式、震害特点等进行了详细的分析和总结;并选取了三层砌体结构中的一层外纵墙进行试验研究,对墙体的滞回曲线、延性等进行了分析;同时采用有限元方法模拟地震作用下墙体的承载力和破坏形式~[1],将试验结论与有限元分析结论进行对比分析和验证。为抗震设计研究提供参考。
[Abstract]:In recent years, there have been many high-grade earthquake disasters at home and abroad, which makes the focus of attention gradually shifted from escape and self-rescue to the seismic safety of the building structure itself. However, in our country, the early construction of buildings are mainly masonry structure. In the construction process of these masonry structure buildings, the construction quality is not uniform, and the design code and technical standard are limited, the theory of calculation and analysis and the necessary fortification measures are also not perfect. The masonry structure often suffers serious damage after earthquake and causes huge losses to people's lives and property. After the 1990s, the Code for masonry structure Design in China has been revised many times, and the design standard has been further improved, so that the safety of the new masonry building structure has been improved since then. However, the masonry structure houses which have been built in the early period of history still exist in large numbers, and the safety hidden danger caused by earthquake can not be ignored. Therefore, it is of positive practical significance to ensure the safe use of early masonry structures, to analyze the characteristics of earthquake damage of typical masonry structures and to discuss the seismic damage mechanism of typical masonry structures. At present, most of the researches on masonry structure take the masonry structure under the new code as the research object, or the existing masonry structure is reformed and strengthened, but the typical earthquake damage analysis and related test research of the masonry structure are few. Based on the data collected, the typical earthquake damage phenomenon, damage form and damage characteristics of masonry structure are analyzed and summarized in detail. In addition, the external longitudinal wall of the three-story masonry structure is selected for experimental study, and the hysteretic curve and ductility of the wall are analyzed. At the same time, the finite element method is used to simulate the bearing capacity and failure form of the wall under earthquake, and the results of test and finite element analysis are compared and verified. It provides reference for seismic design research.
【学位授予单位】：吉林建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU364

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