新疆少数民族教育收益率及其差异的实证分析

发布时间：2018-01-04 16:20

本文关键词：新疆少数民族教育收益率及其差异的实证分析　出处：《石河子大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：人力资源已成为一切资源中最重要的资源,人力资本对于经济和社会的发展作用已超过物质资本。教育则是人力资本投入的重要方式,也是促进社会发展和推动经济前进的重要力量之一。要想维持教育投资行为长久持续,必须证明已有的教育投资行为是获益的。教育收益率是衡量教育投资收益的指标,对教育收益率的研究有着非常重要的意义:首先,教育收益率可以用来衡量教育对经济发展的影响程度;其次,教育收益率可以反映劳动力资源的配置率;最后教育收益率可以判断教育对收入情况的影响。教育收益率的计算是一个复杂的程序,它受多种因素影响。新疆由复杂的民族成分构成,并且区域经济差异显著,因此研究新疆少数民族教育收益率,探究其决定过程与形成机理,能够为如何提高新疆教育收益率提出合理的对策建议,提高经济收益,实现新疆经济与社会稳定发展。本文采用实证研究的方法,笔者参照“中国综合社会调查(CGSS)”问卷,形成了适用于新疆的《新疆居民教育收益率调查问卷》,以新疆汉族、维吾尔族、哈萨克族居民为主要研究对象,走访入户对其个人基本情况、教育经历和收入情况进行调查。在梳理国内外教育收益率研究现状和选定变量模型的基础上,利用Eviews计量软件使用明瑟收入模型估算新疆居民教育收益率,同时还研究了不同群体间教育收益率的差异等。估算结果显示:不同性别之间,汉族和少数民族女性教育收益率均高于男性;不同民族之间,少数民族教育收益率高于汉族教育收益率;少数民族接受的不同的教育模式之间,双语教学教育收益率高于民读汉教育收益率高于民读民教育收益率;城乡之间,汉族和少数民族均为城市的教育收益率高于农村的教育收益率;不同地区之间,北疆的教育收益率高于南疆。在所得结论的基础上,本研究从教育和就业两个层面提出了提高新疆居民教育收益率的对策建议。本研究对目前新疆少数民族教育收益率进行估算,可以作为新疆少数民族个体是否进行教育投资的决策标准,作为政府和国家调控教育资源分配比例的指导依据,作为新疆少数民族教育政策制定和修改的参考意见。通过个体和社会的多种行为,提高新疆少数民族教育收益率,不仅促进少数民族个体的发展,也有利益新疆的稳定团结和祖国的繁荣昌盛。
[Abstract]:Human resources have become the most important resources of all resources, the role of human capital to the development of economy and society has exceeded the material capital, and education is an important way of human capital investment. It is also one of the important forces to promote social development and promote economic progress. It must be proved that the existing educational investment behavior is beneficial. The return on education is an index to measure the return on investment in education, and the research on the rate of return on education is of great significance: first of all. The rate of return on education can be used to measure the impact of education on economic development. Secondly, the rate of return on education can reflect the allocation rate of labor resources; Finally, the rate of return of education can judge the influence of education on income. The calculation of rate of return of education is a complicated procedure, which is influenced by many factors. Xinjiang is composed of complex ethnic elements. And the regional economic differences are significant, so the study of Xinjiang minority education yield, explore its decision process and formation mechanism, can be for how to improve Xinjiang education yield put forward reasonable countermeasures and suggestions. In order to improve economic benefits and realize stable economic and social development in Xinjiang, this paper adopts the method of empirical research, and the author refers to the "China Comprehensive Social Survey (CGSS)" questionnaire. Formed the "Xinjiang residents' education yield questionnaire", taking Xinjiang Han, Uygur and Kazak residents as the main research object, visited the household to their personal basic situation. On the basis of analyzing the current situation of the domestic and foreign educational return rate and the selected variable model, the author makes a survey of the educational experience and income. Using the Eviews software to estimate the income rate of Xinjiang residents by using the Minther income model, and also to study the differences between different groups of educational returns. The results show that: between different genders. The educational yield of Han and minority women was higher than that of male. Among different nationalities, the minority education yield is higher than the Han nationality education yield; Among the different educational models accepted by ethnic minorities, the rate of return of bilingual education is higher than that of Chinese and folk education; Between urban and rural areas, the rate of return on education of the Han and ethnic minorities is higher than that of the rural areas. Between different regions, the educational yield of northern Xinjiang is higher than that of southern Xinjiang. This study puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions to improve the education rate of Xinjiang residents from the two aspects of education and employment. It can be taken as the decision standard of whether the individual of Xinjiang minority nationality carries on the education investment, as the guidance of the government and the state to regulate the proportion of the distribution of educational resources. As a reference for the formulation and revision of minority education policies in Xinjiang, through individual and social behavior, improve the rate of return on minority education in Xinjiang, not only promote the development of minority individuals. There are also interests in the stability and unity of Xinjiang and the prosperity of the motherland.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G40-054

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