面向知识获取的众包创新关键知识源识别研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 18:20

本文关键词：面向知识获取的众包创新关键知识源识别研究　出处：《江苏科技大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：知识经济时代,传统的封闭式创新模式难以帮助企业获得更多的竞争优势,企业开始着力寻求新的创新模式,充分利用企业外部知识和创新资源。众包创新模式逐渐成为企业创新的主要选择模式。通过这种模式企业可以从大众用户中获取创意知识,弥补企业内部创新资源的不足,有效降低企业创新成本,增强企业创新绩效。虽然众包创新实践取得良好的应用效果,但作为一种新型商业模式仍处于探索阶段。由于参与用户的不确定性和创新任务的复杂性,如何有效的从海量的用户知识源中进行知识获取,筛选出能够胜任企业创新任务的关键知识源成为众包创新模式可持续发展的最大难题。本文基于上述背景,进行了如下内容的研究:1.用户参与众包创新模式知识流分析。由于众包创新模式的独特性和复杂性,要构建科学合理的关键知识源识别模型,有必要基于知识管理的视角研究众包创新模式中的知识流。因此,本文在对众包创新模式类型进行分析的基础上,从关键知识构成维度、知识流动过程两方面进行分析。将众包创新模式分为选择型众包创新模式、整合型众包创新模式和融合型众包创新模式三种。经深入分析得出,用户参与众包创新的知识由用于用户的知识、关于用户的知识、来自于用户的知识和与用户共同创造的知识四维度组成,基于此构建众包创新模式下的知识流动模型,分析用户参与众包创新模式的知识流动过程。2.众包创新模式知识获取影响因素研究。采用质性研究方法—扎根理论对知识获取影响因素进行探索研究,通过搜集大量访谈资料,借助质性分析软件NVivo.8.0按照开放编码、主轴编码、选择编码等编码过程,获得众包创新模式下知识获取影响因素的理论模型。运用扎根理论研究方法对搜集的访谈资料进行分析,共得出19个影响知识获取的初始编码,然后对上述编码进行提炼概括得到知识源特性、知识获取情境、任务属性和知识获取特性四个主轴编码和知识获取影响因素这一核心编码。经过频率统计发现专业知识技能、参与双方沟通、任务价格、参与者信誉水平是四个提及频率较高的初始编码,综合比较,知识源特性是影响知识获取因素中最主要因素,知识获取情境、任务属性和知识获取特性对知识获取也有重要影响。3.众包创新模式关键知识源识别模型构建。知识源特性是影响知识获取绩效的最主要的因素,有必要从大量的参与用户中识别出关键的知识源以提升知识获取绩效。考虑到众包创新关键知识源识别的本质是知识需求和知识供给双方进行知识匹配,论文从双边视角出发构建了用户知识能力、双方参与意愿、知识需求因素三维度的众包创新关键知识源识别体系。考虑到单纯BP神经网络的缺陷,采用遗传算法(GA)进行优化,构建了基于GA-BP神经网络的众包创新关键知识源识别模型,并以猪八戒平台上三个创新任务为例开展实证研究,验证识别模型的有效性。本文的研究一方面对避免大众参与者之间的过度竞争,有效降低资源浪费具有指导意义,另一方面,对提升众包创新模式的知识获取绩效,以及促进众包平台加强众包创新模式的管理和引导具有较高的理论意义和实践价值。
[Abstract]:The era of knowledge economy, the traditional closed innovation model to help enterprises gain the competitive advantage, enterprises began to focus on seeking a new innovation model, make full use of external knowledge and innovation resources. Crowdsourcing innovation model has gradually become the main choice for enterprise innovation. This model can be obtained through the enterprise creative knowledge from public users, lack of make up the internal innovation resources of enterprises, reduce the cost of innovation, enhance the enterprise innovation performance. Although Crowdsourcing innovation practice good application effect, but as a new business model is still in the exploratory stage. Due to the complexity and the uncertainty of user participation in innovation tasks, how effective from the user knowledge source in massive knowledge acquisition, screening out the key knowledge source capable of enterprise innovation task has become the biggest Crowdsourcing innovation mode of sustainable development The problem in this paper. Based on the above background, and achieved the following results: 1. users to participate in the Crowdsourcing flow analysis model of knowledge innovation. Because of the uniqueness and complexity of Crowdsourcing innovation mode, to construct the key knowledge source identification model is scientific and reasonable, it is necessary to study the visual angle of knowledge management Crowdsourcing innovation model in knowledge flow based on therefore, based on Crowdsourcing innovation model types on the analysis from two aspects of the key dimensions of knowledge, knowledge flow process were analyzed. The Crowdsourcing innovation mode is divided into the selection of the type of Crowdsourcing innovation mode, integrated Crowdsourcing innovation model and mixed model Crowdsourcing innovation model three. Through in-depth analysis the users to participate in the Crowdsourcing innovation knowledge used by the user's knowledge, on the user's knowledge, which comes from the user's knowledge and create knowledge and users of the four dimension, the construction of the Bao Chuangxinmo based on A model of knowledge flow type, the influencing factors of the acquisition and analysis of user participation Crowdsourcing innovation mode of knowledge flow in.2. Crowdsourcing innovation mode of knowledge. By using qualitative research method of grounded theory influence factors on knowledge acquisition is studied, by collecting a large number of interview data, by means of qualitative analysis software NVivo.8.0 according to open encoding, spindle encoding, select the encoding and encoding process, to obtain Crowdsourcing innovation mode of knowledge acquisition the theoretical model of the influencing factors. By using the method of grounded theory to analyze the interview data collection, a total of 19 effects of knowledge acquisition on the initial encoding, and then summarizes the characteristics of encoding of knowledge source, knowledge acquisition situation, task attribute knowledge acquisition and characteristics of four main factors influencing the knowledge acquisition and encoding the core encoding. Through the frequency statistics found that the professional knowledge and skills, Participate in the communication between the two sides, the price level is the task, participants reputation four references to a higher frequency of initial encoding, comprehensive comparison, the characteristics of the knowledge source is the main factor influencing factors of knowledge acquisition, knowledge acquisition situation, task attributes and knowledge acquisition characteristics of knowledge acquisition have an important influence on construction of.3. Crowdsourcing innovation pattern recognition key knowledge source model the characteristics of the knowledge source. Are the main factors that influence knowledge acquisition performance, it is necessary to identify the key sources of knowledge from the participation of a large number of users to enhance the knowledge acquisition performance. Considering the Crowdsourcing innovation key knowledge source identification is the essence of knowledge demand and knowledge supply both the knowledge, from the perspective of bilateral construction the user knowledge ability, the willingness to participate, knowledge demand factors of three-dimensional Crowdsourcing innovation key knowledge source identification system. Considering that the BP neural network The defect, using genetic algorithm (GA) optimization, construct Crowdsourcing innovation key knowledge source identification model based on GA-BP neural network, and the three on the pig platform innovation task as an example to carry out empirical research, validation of recognition model. This research to avoid excessive competition between public participants. To reduce the waste of resources is of guiding significance, on the other hand, to enhance the Crowdsourcing innovation mode of knowledge acquisition performance, and promote the Crowdsourcing Crowdsourcing innovation platform to strengthen the management and guidance has a high theoretical significance and practical value.

【学位授予单位】：江苏科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F273.1

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