山西高校硕士研究生心理健康水平对职业选择的影响研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 12:09

本文关键词：山西高校硕士研究生心理健康水平对职业选择的影响研究　出处：《山西财经大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着高等院校扩招现象的严重,高等教育逐渐改革和普及壮大,高校大学生的就业问题日益显著,劳动力市场供大于求的失衡情况已成为普遍现象。从21世纪前十年的大学生“就业难”问题到近几年硕士研究生也开始出现“就业难”问题,持续不佳的硕士研究生就业率为研究生的择业问题敲响警钟,政府颁布了针对性的政策拉动经济增长,增加工作机会,协调处理研究生择业困境。然而这些政策措施多从社会、学校、家庭角度出发,硕士研究生自身心理因素对就业的影响被长期忽视。另外,伴随着社会进步和科技发展,各行各业对求职者要求趋于多元化,成功就业离不开必要的工作素养,对应聘者心理素质的要求也越来越高。为此,本文尝试从硕士研究生心理健康的角度出发,研究其对职业单位性质、工作地点、期望薪酬的影响,从而提出改进硕士研究生心理健康水平的对策建议,以达到提高整体研究生就业率的目的。本文以帕森斯人-职匹配理论、班杜拉三元交互决定论、理性选择理论为根本,采用文献分析法、实证分析法等多种途径进行探索,提出假设并验证得出如下结论:(1)本论文通过对样本进行统计描述得出山西省硕士研究生的心理健康水平处于良好的心理健康状态,整体态势较好,仅有20%左右的研究生心理健康水平中等或低等,说明仍有部分同学的心理健康水平亟待增强。(2)在对硕士研究生心理健康水平与职业单位性质的选择验证中证实了心理健康水平越高,越倾向于到自由度高、创新性强的单位工作的假设。(3)本文研究分析得出在面对各线城市的职业选择中,硕士研究生心理健康水平越高,在选择工作地区时越能全面适应在各个城市进行工作。(4)硕士研究生心理健康水平对职业期望薪酬的选择亦起到一定作用,在面对四种期望薪酬的选择上,硕士研究生心理健康水平越高,在选择期望薪酬时越倾向于选择更具挑战性、薪酬更高的工作。(5)根据本文的分析成果,笔者从硕士研究生自身、学校、政府社会、家庭四个方向得出提高硕士研究生心理健康水平的对策。具体包括:树立自信心,确立正确自我意识;提升自身调适能力,树立正确的人生观价值观;增强自我教育,客观评价自身;开设心理健康教育及相关活动,发展壮大专业心理教师队伍;建立动态心理健康预防、测评、咨询体系;优化研究生学习生活环境建设,营造轻松自由校园环境;重视政府和社会作用,改善研究生生存环境;政府构建硕士研究生交流平台,加强心理健康网络控制;实现社区宣传与医院排查相结合的心理健康合作体制;提倡朋辈互助,加强情感交流;完善导师指导制度,汲取长辈经验;加强家庭心理教育,创造较好家庭氛围。
[Abstract]:With the increased enrollment of higher learning phenomenon seriously, higher education reform and the gradually growing popularity, the employment problems of university students is increasing, the imbalance of labor market oversupply has become a common phenomenon. From twenty-first Century ten years before the employment problems of college students to graduate students in recent years have begun to appear the problem of "difficult employment" and the continuing poor employment rate of graduate employment problem of students sounded the alarm, the government issued policies aimed at stimulating economic growth, increasing job opportunities, coordinate graduate employment difficulties. However, these policies and measures from society, school, family perspective, the impact on employment has long been neglected and their psychological factors graduate students. In addition, with the social progress and technological development, demand for job seekers tend to diversify, successful employment cannot do without the necessary work in Raise, the candidates psychological quality requirements are increasingly high. Therefore, this article attempts from the perspective of psychological health of the postgraduates based on the occupation unit, place of work, salary expectation effect, and thus to improve the mental health level of Postgraduates of countermeasures, in order to improve the employment rate of the whole research the purpose of this article to Parsons. - job matching theory, Bandura three yuan interactive decision theory, rational choice theory as the basis, using the method of literature analysis, empirical analysis and other ways to explore and put forward the hypothesis and verify the following conclusions: (1) this paper through the sample descriptive statistics obtains Shanxi Province graduate students' psychological health level is in a good state of psychological health, the overall situation is good, only about 20% of the study on the psychological health level of students of moderate or low, there is still some students psychological health Kang level needs to be enhanced. (2) in the mental health level of the students and the nature of the occupation unit graduate selection verification confirmed that the mental health level is higher, more inclined to a high degree of freedom, innovation and strong work unit hypothesis. (3) this paper analysis shows that in the face of each line of the city's occupation choice in the postgraduate psychological health level is higher, in the choice of working area will be fully adapt to the work in every city. (4) the mental health of the postgraduate level of occupation and salary expectation choice also plays a certain role in the face of the four expected salary on the selection of graduate students psychological health level the higher salary expectation in the choice of more inclined to choose more challenging, more rewarding work. (5) according to the analysis results of this paper, the author from the Graduate School of government, society, family, the four directions that improve the master In the mental health level of postgraduate. Including: establish self-confidence, establish a correct sense of self; enhance the self adjustment ability, establish a correct outlook on life and values; to strengthen the self education, evaluation of its own objective; the creation of mental health education and related activities, develop professional psychological teachers; establish dynamic mental health prevention, assessment, consulting system optimization; learning environment construction of graduate students, create a relaxed and free environment of the campus; attention of government and society, improve the living environment of government; construction of postgraduate exchange platform, to strengthen the mental health network control; implementation of community investigation and hospital propaganda system combining mental health cooperation; promote peer support, strengthen emotional communication perfect; tutor system, learn elder experience; strengthen family psychological education, create a good family atmosphere.

【学位授予单位】：山西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G647.38;G444

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