技术进步视角下环境规制对碳排放绩效的影响研究

发布时间：2018-01-14 03:24

本文关键词：技术进步视角下环境规制对碳排放绩效的影响研究　出处：《江苏大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,中国经济呈现跨越式的发展态势,尤其是近年来伴随着城市化和工业化水平的不断提升,使得二氧化碳的排放量不断攀升且已位居首位。面对温室效应的极端危害以及避免经济发展的高碳锁定,中国政府高度重视碳减排并持续做出减排承诺,减排决心可见一斑。然而,由于微观经济主体的机会主义,碳减排任务的顺利履行很难单纯依赖市场机制独立完成,必须借助政府“看得见的手”通过环境规制保障碳减排的有力推进。本文从技术进步视角下,探寻环境规制对碳排放绩效的作用机制及影响效应,以期为政府环境规制的有效性做出正确的评价,并且为区域环境规制的实施和碳排放绩效的提升提出必要的思路。主要研究成果包括以下几个方面:首先,在概念界定的基础上,从技术进步视角规范研究了环境规制对碳排放绩效的作用机制。技术的革新主要通过生产技术进步和治污技术进步对碳排放绩效产生重要的影响。同时,依据技术进步理论,环境规制通过成本效应影响着企业的行为,从而激发企业的创新水平。具体从四个方面剖析了环境规制对碳排放绩效的影响机制:第一,环境规制通过经济干预手段对能源价格造成影响,由此带动能源结构的转变,高碳能源价格的上涨和比例的下降必然带动新能源技术的革新;第二,环境规制通过对企业施加更为严格的标准从而成为进入壁垒促使产业结构的升级,由资本-劳动密集型企业向技术密集型企业的转变;第三,环境规制通过弱化企业的规模优势和资本优势进而影响其创新行为;第四,政府环境规制水平的变化对FDI的进入造成影响,从而影响资本和技术的进入。其次,将碳排放绩效作为生产要素引入生产函数,基于分散竞争均衡模型从数理模型角度分析了环境规制、技术进步和碳排放绩效之间的关系,结果表明环境规制对碳排放绩效的影响呈现出U型曲线关系。进一步通过计量模型的构建对我国30个省市的2000-2014年的面板数据进行计量分析,研究表明环境规制的直接效应并不显著,通过广义弹性模型表明环境规制基于技术进步、产业结构、能源效率和FDI四条路径对碳排放绩效的影响弹性分别为0.0428、0.0343、0.0221和-0.0058,由此证实了环境规制基于技术进步对碳排放真实影响效应的存在。在此基础上,通过将环境规制与技术进步的交互作用项引入计量模型,测算出在滞后1-3年,交互作用项对碳排放绩效的影响效应为大于技术进步本身的影响效应,分别为0.2975、0.3646和0.3412。值得一提的是,本文进一步通过门槛效应分析对中国的环境规制门槛值进行估计,并结合30个省市的实际情况进行区域划分,为环境规制的区域性比较及政府的政策选择提供针对性的参考。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has developed by leaps and bounds, especially in recent years with the continuous improvement of urbanization and industrialization. In the face of the extreme harm of Greenhouse Effect and avoiding the high carbon lock of economic development, the Chinese government attaches great importance to reducing carbon emissions and continues to make emission reduction commitments. However, due to the opportunism of microeconomic subjects, it is difficult to implement the task of carbon emission reduction by relying on the market mechanism alone. With the help of the government's "visible hand", this paper explores the mechanism and effect of environmental regulation on the performance of carbon emissions from the perspective of technological progress. With a view to the effectiveness of government environmental regulation to make a correct evaluation, and for the implementation of regional environmental regulation and improve the performance of carbon emissions to put forward the necessary ideas. The main research results include the following aspects: first. On the basis of conceptual definition. From the perspective of technological progress, this paper studies the mechanism of environmental regulation on carbon emission performance. Technology innovation mainly through the progress of production technology and pollution control technology progress on carbon performance. At the same time. According to the theory of technological progress, environmental regulation affects the behavior of enterprises through cost effect, thereby stimulating the innovation level of enterprises. The paper analyzes the mechanism of environmental regulation on carbon emissions performance from four aspects: first. Environmental regulation exerts influence on energy price by means of economic intervention, which leads to the transformation of energy structure, and the rising and decreasing of high carbon energy price will inevitably lead to the innovation of new energy technology. Second, environmental regulation by imposing more stringent standards on enterprises to become a barrier to promote the upgrading of industrial structure, from capital-labor-intensive enterprises to technology-intensive enterprises. Thirdly, environmental regulation affects the innovation behavior of enterprises by weakening their advantages of scale and capital. In 4th, the change of the level of government environmental regulation has an impact on the entry of FDI, thus affecting the entry of capital and technology. Secondly, carbon emission performance is introduced into the production function as a factor of production. Based on the decentralized competition equilibrium model, the relationship among environmental regulation, technological progress and carbon emission performance is analyzed from the perspective of mathematical model. The results show that the impact of environmental regulation on carbon emissions performance shows a U-curve relationship. Through the construction of measurement model, the panel data of 30 provinces and cities in China from 2000 to 2014 are analyzed. The research shows that the direct effect of environmental regulation is not significant. The generalized elastic model shows that environmental regulation is based on technological progress and industrial structure. The elasticity of energy efficiency and FDI on carbon emission performance was 0.04280.3430.221 and -0.0058, respectively. It is confirmed that environmental regulation is based on the real effect of technological progress on carbon emissions. On this basis, the interaction between environmental regulation and technological progress is introduced into the econometric model. It is estimated that the effect of interaction on carbon emission performance is greater than that of technological progress for 1-3 years, which is 0.2975, respectively. 0.3646 and 0.3412. It is worth mentioning that the threshold value of environmental regulation in China is estimated by threshold effect analysis, and the regional division is carried out according to the actual situation of 30 provinces and cities. It provides a reference for regional comparison of environmental regulation and government policy choice.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X32

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