地震作用下砖混砌体结构房屋损伤顺序与破坏模式研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 02:25

  本文关键词：地震作用下砖混砌体结构房屋损伤顺序与破坏模式研究　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 几何形态 地震破坏模式 窗上带墙体 窗间墙 汶川地震

【摘要】：在近年来的几次大地震中,多层砖混砌体结构破坏和倒塌现象十分普遍,未倒塌的多层砖混结构也遭受了不同程度的损伤,造成了大量的人员伤亡和巨大的经济损失。根据对灾区房屋的震害调查和损伤规律分析发现,砖混砌体结构窗上带墙体层层出现损伤的房屋在遭遇罕遇地震后有许多并未出现倒塌,结构存在概率很高,这是否是符合结构抗震概念设计的理想破坏模式?如何通过建筑、结构设计来控制砖混砌体结构的损伤顺序,进而提高砖混砌体结构房屋的抗震安全性,完善规范中的设计规定,具有重要的工程价值和理论意义。在砖混砌体结构中,窗间墙作为竖向和水平的主要受力构件,窗上带及窗下带作为保持墙体整体性的重要组成部分,其相互间的几何关系和刚度比,对控制结构的损伤顺序和破坏模式具有重要作用,为充分发挥窗上带墙体的材料性能,期望找到承受水平地震力时使窗上带墙体成为吸收地震能量的第一批损伤的设计方法。本文以汶川地震中收集到的房屋震害资料为背景,通过对实际地震震害现象、震害规律以及影响因素分析,对损伤次序和破坏模式进行了研究。论文主要进行了如下研究和探讨:(1)总结和分析了砖混砌体结构房屋的震害现象和原因了,对结构窗间墙破坏、协同破坏和窗上带破坏三种破坏模式进行了区分,通过应用图像处理软件,对照片进行网格透视化处理,提取了结构窗间墙和窗上带墙体的定量信息;(2)依据获取的数据信息进行分类处理和定性定量分析,从窗间墙宽和窗上带高的相对几何尺寸关系、窗上带跨高比与窗间墙高宽比的相对关系、以及窗间墙和窗上带的刚度比几个方面进行了损伤顺序与破坏模式分析,给出有利于结构抗震设计控制的定量关系;(3)采用有限元分析,完成了砖混砌体结构损伤顺序的影响因素扩大参数分析,印证了对震害墙体数据统计分析得到结果的规律性。(4)对规范中砖混砌体结构的设计要求和圈梁和构造柱进行了总结和分析,并结合震害数据统计分析和有限元分析,提出并给出控制砖混结构破坏的方法。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the damage and collapse of multi-story masonry structure is very common, and the uncollapsed multi-story masonry structure has also suffered different degrees of damage. Caused a large number of casualties and huge economic losses. According to the earthquake damage investigation and damage law analysis found. Many buildings with damage on the windows of brick and concrete masonry structure have not collapsed after a rare earthquake, and the probability of existence of the structure is very high. Is this an ideal failure mode in accordance with the conceptual design of structural seismic design? How to control the damage sequence of brick-concrete masonry structure through building and structural design, and then improve the seismic safety of brick-concrete masonry structure building, perfect the design rules in the code. It has important engineering value and theoretical significance. In brick masonry structure, the window wall is the main force member in vertical and horizontal direction, and the upper and lower window belt is an important part to maintain the integrity of the wall. The geometric relationship and stiffness ratio play an important role in controlling the damage sequence and failure mode of the structure. In order to find the design method to make the wall on the window become the first damage to absorb the earthquake energy when bearing the horizontal earthquake force, this paper takes the earthquake damage data collected in Wenchuan earthquake as the background. Through the actual earthquake damage phenomenon, earthquake damage law and influence factors analysis. The damage sequence and failure mode are studied in this paper. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1) summarize and analyze the earthquake damage phenomenon and reason of brick masonry structure building, and destroy the wall between windows of the structure. There are three kinds of destruction modes: cooperative destruction and window damage. By using image processing software, the quantitative information of the wall between the windows and the wall on the window is extracted by using the image processing software to deal with the photos through the mesh perspective. (2) according to the obtained data, the relative geometric dimension relationship between the wall width and the height of the window and the ratio of the span to the height of the window and the ratio between the height and width of the wall between the windows are analyzed and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The damage sequence and failure mode of the window wall and the stiffness ratio of the upper band of the window are analyzed, and the quantitative relationship is given in favor of the seismic design control of the structure. 3) finite element analysis is used to analyze the factors influencing the damage sequence of brick masonry structure. The regularity of statistical analysis of seismic damage wall data is confirmed. (4) the design requirements of brick masonry structure and the ring beams and structural columns in the code are summarized and analyzed. Combined with the statistical analysis of seismic damage data and finite element analysis, a method to control the damage of brick and concrete structure is put forward and given.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TU364;TU312.3
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本文编号：1426386