西安市农民工住房保障问题分析及对策研究

发布时间：2018-01-24 10:35

本文关键词： 农民工住房保障土地资源政策建议　出处：《陕西师范大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：住房是人类社会亘古不变的话题,房子也是现代社会人类生存和生产的依托,在城镇中拥有居所更是每一个居民的基本需求。然而面对城镇高昂的房价,以及制度政策的部分排斥,最重要的是土地资源作为固定物品,其数量有限,导致来城务农的农民工群体在住房方面也存在严重的问题。西安市最为西北最大的发展城市,有着庞大的人口数量,根据第六次人口普查的结果,西安市常住人口为846万人,其中流动人口就占了140万人。近些年农民工的数量也有增无减,他们在农村与城市之间徘徊,根本无法得到与城市居民相当的公共服务。据统计,截至2015年底,西安市区农民工数量达150万人。这些规模庞大的农民工群体住房需求得不到满足,对我国的城市化进程、新农村建设与管理和社会安定稳定有较大的负面影响。近年来,虽然政府层面开始逐步加大对农民工城镇住房的保障力度,开始放开户籍制度和管理,西安市政府也针对农民工的住房保障问题进行了一系列的研究与探索,形成了初见成效的治理与管理体系。但是,由于政策制度的经验不足,加上房屋市场的信息不对称与价格机制,西安市多数农民工仍然无法负担高额的房价,得到合理的保障。只有找出正确合理的农民工住房出路,才能为学术界的研究提供基础,对现实的住房管理提供保障。因此能够从根本上解决西安市农民工的住房保障问题,切实提高农民工在城镇生活的质量,降低其生活成本,保证公共服务均等化和城镇化水平的提高。城乡一体化的概念原本是缩短城乡发展的水平,而抛弃这一背景下过度开发土地资源是解决不了住房问题的,甚至会让农民工群体的住房更加困难。论文首先对国内外相关研究进行了总结,接着笔者通过问卷调查的研究方法,对西安市农民工的住房现状和生活水平进行了调查,取得了一手数据,并进行了描述性统计分析。采用客观的分析与理论研究方法相结合,对不同年龄层级的农民工的个人情况、居住环境、制度政策主观感受等方面进行了问卷与访谈。通过实际数据反映当前西安市现阶段农民工住房现状所存在的问题,及其住房困难背后的原因剖析。笔者将这些问题原因归为三类：政府层、企业层、个人层。创新之处在于政府层主要是指初步放开的户籍制度的不成熟和住房保障制度政策的管理困难；企业层面主要是住房公积金的缴存发放与管理成本,公共服务的意识能力是否愿意在农民工身上得以实施；个人方面就是农民工自身经济水平和生活经营能力。在对西安市的农民工住房进行了深化分析后,借鉴国内外具有优秀代表性地区解决农民工住房问题的经验,总结最新共有产权房的构建思路,在政府、企业和农民工三方面基础上得出了解决西安市该类问题的对策建议,也为全国各区域性农民工住房保障提供了思路。从而构建和谐社会,加快城镇化进度的发展。
[Abstract]:Housing is the eternal topic of human society, the house is also relying on the modern society for human survival and production, has a residence in the town is the basic needs of every resident. However, the face of urban high prices, and the policy part of the rejection is the most important land resources as the fixed goods, its quantity is limited, lead to the city farming population of migrant workers there are serious problems in the housing. The development of the Northwest's largest city of Xi'an City, has a huge population, according to the results of the sixth census, Xi'an resident population of 8 million 460 thousand people, including the floating population accounted for 1 million 400 thousand people. The number of migrant workers has increased in recent years. They wander between city and countryside, cannot get the public service and the city residents quite. According to statistics, as of the end of 2015, the number of migrant workers in Xi'an city this up to 1 million 500 thousand people. Some large group of migrant workers housing can not meet the needs of the city, urbanization of our country, have a greater negative impact of new rural construction and management and social stability. In recent years, although the government began to gradually increase the level of migrant workers in urban housing security system, began to let go of the household registration system and management, the Xi'an municipal government also according to the housing security of migrant workers carried out a series of research and exploration, the formation of the governance and management system has achieved initial success. However, due to the policy system of the lack of experience, information asymmetry and price mechanism of the housing market and the majority of migrant workers in Xi'an city still cannot afford the high prices, only to find out reasonable protection. Migrant workers housing reasonable way, in order to provide the basis for academic research, to provide protection for housing management reality. It can fundamentally solve the problem of the West The city of migrant workers housing security issues, and effectively improve the quality of migrant workers living in cities and towns, to reduce the cost of living, to ensure the equalization of public services and improve the level of urbanization. The concept of urban and rural integration of urban and rural development level was shortened, and the abandonment of the background of over exploitation of land resources is to solve the housing problem, even let migrant workers housing more difficult. Firstly, the related research at home and abroad are summarized, and then through the method of questionnaire investigation, the current housing conditions and living standards of migrant workers in Xi'an city were investigated, obtained the first-hand data, and the descriptive statistical analysis. The analysis and theoretical research objective method the combination of personal circumstances, for different age levels of migrant workers living environment system policy subjective questionnaire and through interviews. The actual data reflect the status of migrant workers housing at this stage of the current Xi'an City, analyzes the reasons behind and housing difficulties. The reasons of these problems are classified into three categories: government, enterprise, individual layer. Innovation is the government level mainly refers to the initial release of the household registration system is not mature and the housing security policy system the difficulty of management; enterprise level is mainly to the housing provident fund deposit issuance and management costs, public service awareness is willing to be implemented in rural migrant workers; individual migrant workers is their own economic level and capability of life management. In the city of Xi'an to deepen the analysis of migrant workers housing, from domestic and foreign outstanding representative areas to solve the housing problems of migrant workers experience, summed up the construction of new ideas, the most common property in the government, enterprises and migrant workers in three aspects on the basis of The countermeasures and suggestions for solving such problems in Xi'an are obtained. It also provides a train of thought for the housing security of all regional migrant workers in China, so as to build a harmonious society and speed up the development of urbanization.

【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F323.6;F299.23

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