中国政府高等教育人力资本投资效率评价研究

发布时间：2018-01-26 12:16

  本文关键词： 政府 高等教育 人力资本投资 效率评价 DEA　出处：《东北师范大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国实施改革开放三十多年,物质资本的大量投入对经济增长的贡献较为突出,但是,随着物质资源的大量消耗,带来了自然资源的逐渐枯竭和用工成本的迅速上升,伴随而来的是人口增长率的下降、人口老龄化的加剧以及依靠投资增加经济增长的发展方式越来越不符合我国社会主义市场经济的发展。我国由粗放式增长方式转向内涵式增长方式的关键在于提升资源的产出效率,因此,提升高等教育人力资本投资的效率,提高劳动者素质、改善技术结构、促进科技创新是实现集约式增长方式的重要基础。本文立足于政府高等教育人力资本投资的实际,首先,以高等教育投资效率的提升为目标,结合人力资本理论和投资效率理论为基础,分析高等教育发展的现状和一般规律,对比效率评价研究方法,选择静态效率和动态指数方法相结合的思路构建了高等教育投资效率评价体系；其次,运用DEA指数分析我国不同地区高等教育的综合效率、纯技术效率和规模效率,并以此为基础,分析了地区间投资效率差异的深层次原因；最后,依据高等教育人力资本投资对经济和社会的作用,检验高等教育人力资本投资的经济社会效应。据此,本文深入研究高等教育人力资本投资效率问题,其主要内容为：一是绪论。本章主要阐述了本文的研究背景,并在回顾相关文献的基础上提出了本文要研究的问题。同时在该问题的指引下,理清了本文的研究思路,构建了逻辑框架,并进一步阐述了本文的研究内容、研究意义、与研究方法及创新之处。二是相关概念与理论阐述。本章科学界定了本文涉及的人力资本概念和特征、人力资本投资的概念及人力资本投资效率的内涵等相关概念,回顾了公共财政理论、人力资本投资理论、人力资本投资效率理论,梳理高等教育人力资本投资相关的国内外文献,并阐述政府人力资本投资的必要性,为本文后续的研究奠定理论基础。三是中国政府高等教育人力资本投资的现状分析。本章首先阐述了我国高等教育发展的历程；其次,分析我国高等教育人力资本投资的规模、比例、变化趋势及特征；最后,比较分析我国各地区高等教育人力资本投资的地区差距。四是中国政府高等教育人力资本投资效率的DEA分析。本章首先,明确了投入产出指标体系的构建基本思路和基本原则,进而从人力资本投资的投入与产出两个方面,分别筛选指标,构建效率评价指标体系；其次,构建本文所需的评价高等教育人力资本投资效率模型；最后,从整体分布特征和逐年变化趋势两方面全面描述高等教育人力资本投资的静态效率和动态效率,深入探讨高等教育人力资本投资效率的省际差异及变化趋势。五是中国高等教育人力资本投资的低效率原因分析。本章主要借助DEA投影分析技术,使用产出导向的DEA模型对省级区域实际投入产出水平与生产前沿面的最优值进行比对,从而测算出投资过量和产出不足的相关数据。以此为基础,从经济方面和制度设计两个角度,分析出非DEA有效地区投资管理过程中的投资效率低下的原因,以便获得更具针对性的政策建议。六是中国高等教育人力资本投资的经济社会效应。本章主要依据高等教育人力资本投资对经济社会的作用,探讨高等教育人力资本投资对经济和社会的作用路径。以宏观统计数据为基础,借助VAR协整分析方法和面板回归模型验证高等教育人力资本投资的经济社会效应,检验全国、区域、各省高等教育人力资本投资对经济社会的贡献度。最后,在理论分析和定量分析的基础上,探讨提高我国高等教育人力资本投资效率的相关政策,为优化高等教育资源配置提供决策依据。
[Abstract]:The implementation of the reform and opening up in China for over thirty years, a large number of physical capital investment contribution to economic growth is more prominent, but with large consumption of material resources, the rapid rising of natural resource depletion and labor costs, which is associated with a decline in the rate of population growth, the aging of population and increasing development mode relying on increased investment in economic growth is more consistent with the development of our socialist market economy. China's growth mode from extensive to intensive growth mode is the key to enhance the efficiency of resources, therefore, improve the efficiency of human capital investment in higher education, improve the quality of workers, improve the technical structure, promote scientific and technological innovation is an important foundation to realize the intensive growth mode. Based on the actual, the government investment in higher education human capital first, with higher education investment efficiency improvement As the goal, combined with the theory of human capital and investment efficiency theory, analysis of the current situation of the development of higher education and the general law, comparative research on the efficiency evaluation method, static efficiency and dynamic index selection method combining the idea to build the evaluation system of the efficiency of investment in higher education; secondly, a comprehensive analysis of the efficiency of higher education in different regions of China by DEA index, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency, and on this basis, analyzes the deep-seated reasons of the difference between the efficiency of investment area; finally, based on the role of human capital investment in higher education on the economic and social, economic and social effect of human capital investment in higher education. Therefore, this paper studies the efficiency problem of human capital investment in higher education and the main content is: the first part is introduction. This chapter mainly elaborates the research background of this paper, and put forward based on the review of the literature The problem to be studied in this paper. At the same time on the issue under the guidance of clarifying the research ideas, build the logical framework, and further elaborated the research content, the research significance, and research methods and innovations. The two is to explain the related concepts and theoretical science. This chapter defines the concept and characteristics of human capital this paper relates to the human capital investment efficiency concept and the meaning of human capital and other related concepts, reviews the theory of public finance, the theory of human capital investment, human capital investment efficiency theory, combing the human capital investment in higher education related literature at home and abroad, and expounds the necessity of government investment in human capital, which lays the foundation for the research the follow-up. The three is the analysis of the present situation of human capital investment in higher education Chinese government. This chapter first describes the history of the development of higher education in China; secondly, I analysis Higher education human capital investment scale, proportion, trends and characteristics; finally, a comparative analysis of the regional disparity of human capital investment in Higher Education in all regions of China. The four is the analysis of Chinese government higher education human capital investment efficiency of DEA. Firstly, clear the investment in construction of the basic ideas and basic principles of output index system then, from the two aspects of input and output of human capital investment, respectively. The screening index, the efficiency of constructing evaluation index system; secondly, this paper constructs the evaluation for the efficiency of human capital investment in higher education model; finally, from the static overall efficiency of distribution and yearly changes in two aspects of a comprehensive description of the trend of higher education and human capital investment dynamic efficiency, in-depth study of inter provincial differences of the efficiency of manpower capital investment of higher education and the trend of change of human capital is five. Chinese higher education investment Analysis of low efficiency reasons. This chapter mainly through the DEA projection analysis technology, DEA model of output oriented provincial actual input-output level and productionfrontier optimal value for comparison, so as to calculate the investment of excess and insufficient output data. On this basis, from two aspects of economic analysis and system design. Due to low investment efficiency of investment management in the process of non DEA effective area, in order to obtain more targeted policy recommendations. The six is the economic and social effect of human capital investment in higher education Chinese. Effect of this chapter is mainly based on higher education human capital investment to economic society, explore the path of higher education human capital investment on the economy and society. From the macro statistical data as a basis for verification of higher education human capital investment by means of economic and social VAR cointegration analysis and panel regression model Effect, test area, country, the contribution of human capital investment in Higher Education in all provinces of the economy and society. Finally, based on theoretical analysis and quantitative analysis, to explore the related policy to improve China's higher education human capital investment efficiency, provide the basis to optimize the allocation of resources for higher education.

【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G649.2
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本文编号：1465587