强风流条件下航道宽度的研究

发布时间：2018-02-04 14:01

本文关键词： 强风流理论计算方法船舶操纵模拟试验航道宽度　出处：《大连海事大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：伴随着国家"一带一路"经济大战略的提出,港口的建设和发展成为了我国新时期经济规划和建设中不可或缺的一部分。航道作为港口的重要组成部分,其宽度大小直接决定了船舶能否安全进出港口以完成靠离泊作业。首先,我国目前已经有一部分港口选址在风、流影响较为严重的海域,较强的横风、横流,对船舶在航道中的安全通航产生巨大的影响;其次,航运竞争的激烈化,改变了船舶原有的营运模式,出于船期和利润考虑,一些船舶仍需在风流较大的情况下进出港口,强风流条件下船舶能够进出港作业将是未来的发展趋势;最后,为避免船舶遭遇恶劣天气突袭或应对紧急情况需要紧急撤离港口水域,或在更加恶劣的天气到来之前进出港口完成装卸货任务,此时,航道宽度的重要性便突显出来。我国现行规范《海港总体设计规范》并未给出风级大于7级,流速大于1.0m/s时风、流压差角和船舶漂移倍数的取值,进而无法利用规范求出风级大于7级,流速大于1.0m/s时船舶进出航道所需的航道宽度值,致使航道设计单位、船舶驾驶操纵人员、港口主管机关等在确定强风流条件下船舶所需的航道宽度时无规范可依,给船舶的安全航行带来较大的安全隐患。本文通过对国内外有关航道宽度的设计规范和研究方法进行详细地分析和比较,得出各国规范存在的优缺点以及影响航道宽度的主要因素,结合本文的研究目的,考虑主要影响因素并建立强风流条件下的航道宽度理论计算方法。选择合适船型及试验条件,利用大型船舶操纵模拟设备NT-PRO 5000型模拟器对各工况进行大量的模拟试验,并对试验得到的风、流压差角和航迹带宽度值进行统计、分析。将模拟试验所得结果与理论计算方法所得结果进行对比和分析,以确定各工况下合理的航迹带宽度和风、流压差角数值。最后,根据所得航迹带宽度数据,计算不同风流、航速条件下,不同船型所需的航道宽度值,并参照我国规范,获得强风流条件下的风、流压差角数值、漂移倍数和富裕宽度值,以供相关部门和人员参考,并为我国未来制定新的规范提供参考依据。
[Abstract]:With the national "Belt and Road" economic strategy proposed, the construction and development of the port has become an indispensable part of the economic planning and construction in the new period of our country. As an important part of the port, the waterway is an important part of the port. Its width directly determines whether ships can safely enter and leave the port to complete the berthing operation. Firstly, at present, some ports in China have been located in the wind, the more serious impact of the current in the sea area, stronger crosswind, crosscurrent. It has a great influence on the safe navigation of ships in the waterway. Secondly, the fierce competition of shipping has changed the original mode of operation of the ship. In view of the shipping time and profit, some ships still need to enter and leave the port under the condition of larger wind and flow. It will be the future development trend for ships to be able to work in and out of the port under the strong wind and current conditions. Finally, in order to avoid adverse weather raids or emergency situations, emergency evacuation from port waters or the completion of loading and unloading missions in and out of the port prior to the arrival of worse weather is required. The importance of channel width is obvious. The current code of harbour general design in our country does not give the value of wind, flow pressure difference angle and ship drift multiple when wind scale is greater than 7 and velocity is greater than 1.0 m / s. Then it is impossible to calculate the channel width when the wind scale is greater than 7 and the velocity of velocity is more than 1.0 m / s, which leads to the channel design unit and the pilot operator. In determining the channel width required by the ship under the strong wind and current conditions, the port competent authority and other authorities have no specifications to follow. This paper analyzes and compares the design specifications and research methods of waterway width at home and abroad. The advantages and disadvantages of the national norms and the main factors affecting the channel width are obtained, combined with the purpose of this paper. The main influencing factors are considered and the theoretical calculation method of channel width under the condition of strong wind current is established. The suitable ship type and test conditions are selected. A large number of simulation tests were carried out under each working condition by using NT-PRO 5000 simulator, and the wind, flow pressure difference angle and track width were calculated. Analysis. Compare and analyze the results of simulation test and theoretical calculation to determine the reasonable track width, wind and flow pressure angle. Finally. According to the data of track band width, the channel width values of different ship types are calculated under different wind flow and speed conditions, and the angle of wind and flow pressure difference under strong wind current condition is obtained by referring to the Chinese code. The value of drift multiple and rich width can be used as reference for relevant departments and personnel, and provide reference basis for the future establishment of new norms in our country.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U653.1

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