高速列车转向架构架长期服役应力谱及损伤演化规律研究

发布时间：2018-02-15 01:52

本文关键词： 动车组转向架应力谱损伤镟轮长期跟踪统计推断演化规律　出处：《北京交通大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前,铁路已经成为我国重要的交通运输方式,为了适应发展,需要提高列车的运行速度。在列车运营的过程中,结构部件在随机应力的长期作用下形成损伤并逐渐累积。当疲劳损伤累积到临界值时,便会发生疲劳破坏,严重危及行车安全。高置信度的应力谱是进行疲劳损伤研究的重要依据,但由于时间或测试成本等因素,应力时间历程只能是整个寿命期间的一小部分数据。利用有限的样本对总体分布进行统计推断以获得高置信度的应力谱,能够为研究轮轨匹配状态的变化对损伤演化规律的影响提供依据。本论文以CRH5动车组作为研究对象,使用HBM公司的EDAQ32型动态数据采集仪在北京到太原客运专线上进行为期十个月的数据采集。本论文的主要分析如下：(1)使用Mycode软件结合GPS信号对实测数据进行处理,利用雨流计数的原理得到各测点单程一维应力谱,最终得到各测点单程应力谱样本在250-450之间。(2)对应力谱进行威布尔分布拟合及F、t假设检验,获得应力谱的三个分布参数(形状参数、位置参数、尺度参数)；利用统计理论,对分布参数进行整理,并通过Conver理论推断出应力最大值,从而获得了95%置信度的推断应力谱,为疲劳损伤的研究提供依据。(3)利用Miner线性累积损伤理论,获得各测点单程的损伤值,并依据已获得的各测点单程一维应力谱,求解等效到1200万公里的等效应力。在整个运营里程下,分析镟轮对损伤特征量(极值、损伤、等效应力)的影响规律,为合理的镟轮周期提供依据。(4)根据镟轮前后等效应力数据波动的情况,将整个运营里程划分为5个区间。对每个区间进行独立样本t检验,在95%的置信度下,确定能够反映该区段真实运营状况的最小样本数量,为经济而又科学地进行应力谱测试工作提供依据,以达到缩短试验周期、节约成本的目的。图51幅,表31个,参考文献54篇。
[Abstract]:At present, railway has become an important mode of transportation in China. In order to adapt to the development, it is necessary to improve the speed of train operation. When the fatigue damage accumulates to the critical value, the fatigue failure will occur. The high confidence stress spectrum is an important basis for fatigue damage research, but due to time or test cost and other factors, The stress time history can only be a small part of the data of the whole life span. The total distribution is statistically inferred from a limited sample to obtain the high confidence stress spectrum. It can provide the basis for studying the influence of wheel-rail matching state change on damage evolution law. In this paper, CRH5 EMU is taken as the research object. Using the EDAQ32 dynamic data acquisition instrument of HBM Company, the data acquisition is carried out for ten months on the Beijing-Taiyuan passenger dedicated Line. The main analysis of this paper is as follows: 1) using Mycode software and GPS signal to process the measured data. Using the principle of rain flow counting, the one-pass one-dimensional stress spectrum of each measuring point is obtained. Finally, the corresponding force spectrum of the one-pass stress spectrum of each measuring point is obtained in the range of 250-450. The corresponding force spectrum is fitted by Weibull distribution and Fart hypothesis test. Three distribution parameters (shape parameter, position parameter, scale parameter) of stress spectrum are obtained, the distribution parameters are sorted out by statistical theory, and the maximum stress is inferred by Conver theory, and the inferred stress spectrum of 95% confidence degree is obtained. To provide the basis for the study of fatigue damage. (3) using the Miner linear cumulative damage theory, the damage values of each measured point are obtained, and the one-dimensional stress spectrum of each measured point is obtained. To solve equivalent stress equivalent to 12 million km. Under the whole operating mileage, the influence of rotating wheel on damage characteristic quantity (extreme value, damage, equivalent stress) is analyzed. According to the fluctuation of equivalent stress data before and after rotation wheel, the whole operating mileage is divided into 5 intervals. The independent sample t test is carried out for each interval, and the confidence is 95%. To determine the minimum number of samples that can reflect the true operation of the section, to provide the basis for economic and scientific stress spectrum testing, in order to shorten the test period and save costs. 54 references.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U270.33

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