广西少数民族地区农村老年人生命质量状况及其影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-02-21 15:36

本文关键词： 广西壮族自治区农村老年人生命质量健康相关生命质量测定量表　出处：《桂林医学院》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的:对广西壮、瑶、苗、侗、仫佬、毛南、回、京族等8个少数民族地区农村老年人和汉族农村老年人生命质量状况进行评估,旨在为促进优化广西农村老年人的生命质量提供政治依据,促进少数民族农村老年人的健康老龄化发展。方法:采用分层和整群抽样的多阶段抽样方法获取调查对象,使用自制的《家庭调查表》、自制的《老年人调查表》,用于了解调查老年人基本情况,应用《欧洲生命质量测定量表(EQ-5D)》反映老年人生命质量状况。统计学方法使用Epidata 3.1,双人录入校验;应用SPSS12.0对数据进行统计分析。统计方法主要为t检验、单因素方差分析、秩和检验、多元逐步回归分析等。检验水准为α=0.05。结果:1、此次调查问卷应用的EQ-5D总量表的Cronbach’sα系数为0.775,平均测量的类内相关性为0.472,EQ-5D指数与EQ-VAS得分之间Pearson相关系数为0.431。2、广西少数民族地区农村老年人EQ-VAS平均得分为(69.82±10.63)分,EQ-5D指数评分为(0.784±0.153)分。3、老年人对其自我照顾能力评价相对较高,满意率为93.1%,而对疼痛或不适的评价较差,满意率为30.1%。其中,壮族老年人EQ-5D健康指数得分最高,为0.81;回族老年人EQ-5D健康指数得分最低,为0.76。健康水平处于一般的民族为瑶族、苗族、侗族、仫佬族、毛南族、京族以及汉族。4、广西少数民族地区农村老年人生命质量状况受性别、年龄、受教育程度、婚姻状况、收入水平、住院率、是否独居、慢性病等因素影响。不同人群生命质量状况各有特点。5、多因素分析结果显示,广西不同民族农村老年人EQ-5D指数评分与年龄、性别、文化程度及是否患有慢性病存在相关;年龄较大、女性、文化程度较低、患有慢性病的农村老年人EQ-5D指数评分较低,健康状况较差。EQ-VAS自评分与年龄、性别、文化程度、家庭年人均总收入及是否患有慢性病存在相关;女性、年龄大、文化程度低、家庭年人均总收入低、患有慢性病的农村老年人EQ-VAS自评分较低,自我健康状况评价较差。两种健康相关得分均受年龄、性别、文化程度、经济收入和患慢性疾病情况影响。结论:1、健康相关生命质量测定量表(EQ-5D)的信度较好、效度尚可,可用于广西少数民族地区农村老年人生命质量状况调查,但部分内容需要修订以满足文化水平较低农村老年人的需要。2、广西不同民族地区农村老年人对其自我照顾能力的评价相对较高,而对疼痛或不适的评价较差。其中,壮族为本次调查中老年人生命质量最好的民族。
[Abstract]:Objective: to evaluate the quality of life (QOL) of the elderly in the rural areas of Zhuang, Yao, Miao, Dong, Mulao, Maonan, Huihui and Jing ethnic minority areas of Guangxi, and to evaluate the quality of life of the elderly in the rural areas of Han nationality. The purpose of this study was to provide a political basis for optimizing the quality of life of the elderly in rural areas of Guangxi, and to promote the healthy aging development of the elderly in rural areas of ethnic minorities. Methods: the survey subjects were obtained by multi-stage sampling method of stratified and cluster sampling. Using the home-made Family questionnaire and the Self-made questionnaire for the elderly to understand the basic situation of the survey of older persons, The European quality of Life scale (EQ-5D) was used to reflect the quality of life of the elderly. Epidata 3.1 was used to verify the quality of life of the elderly, and SPSS12.0 was used to analyze the data. The statistical methods were t test and single factor variance analysis. Rank sum test, Multiple stepwise regression analysis and so on. The test level is 伪 0.05.Results: 1, the Cronbach's 伪 coefficient of the total EQ-5D scale used in this questionnaire is 0.775, the average intra-class correlation is 0.472EQ-5D index and EQ-VAS score is 0.431.2, and the Pearson correlation coefficient of Guangxi minority people is 0.431.2. The average score of EQ-VAS was 69.82 卤10.63 and the score of EQ-5D index was 0.784 卤0.153. The evaluation of self-care ability of the elderly was relatively high. The satisfaction rate was 93.1, while the evaluation of pain or discomfort was poor, and the satisfaction rate was 30.1.Of them, the Zhuang elderly had the highest score of EQ-5D health index (0.81), and the Hui elderly had the lowest EQ-5D health index (0.76). Miao, Dong, Mulao, Maonan, Jing and Han. 4. The quality of life of the rural elderly in minority areas of Guangxi is affected by sex, age, education, marital status, income level, hospitalization rate, whether living alone, The results of multivariate analysis showed that the scores of EQ-5D index in the rural elderly of different nationalities in Guangxi were related to age, sex, education level and chronic disease. Older, female, lower education, lower EQ-5D index score of rural elderly with chronic diseases, poor health status. EQ-VAS self-score is related to age, sex, education level, family per capita income and chronic diseases. Women with older age, lower education level, lower annual per capita family income, lower self-score of EQ-VAS and worse evaluation of self-health status of the rural elderly with chronic diseases. Conclusion: the EQ-5D scale has good reliability and good validity. It can be used to investigate the quality of life of the rural elderly in minority areas of Guangxi. However, some of the contents need to be revised to meet the needs of the elderly with lower education level in rural areas. The evaluation of self-care ability of the rural elderly in different ethnic areas in Guangxi is relatively high, but the evaluation of pain or discomfort is poor. Zhuang nationality is the nation with the best quality of life in this survey.
【学位授予单位】：桂林医学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R161.7

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