科技型中小企业家能力及其对企业成长的影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 10:41

本文关键词： 科技型中小企业企业家能力企业家导向企业成长　出处：《山东大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中小企业是国民经济的重要组成部分,它们已经成为我国经济社会发展中最活跃的群体,尤其是在我国全面落实创新驱动发展战略和建设创新型国家的进程中的独特作用,已成为理论界、实务界等各界的共识。作为中小企业中的重要组成群体,科技型中小企业凭借灵活的经营方式、不懈的创新追求,逐渐成为经济社会发展的关键力量和重要载体。对于科技型中小企业而言,它们在经济高速增长、产业结构优化、社会稳定发展等过程中扮演着十分重要的角色。然而,我国科技型中小企业遭遇了“高死亡率、高失败率”的双高问题,严重阻碍了其重要作用的有效发挥。与此同时,在科技型中小企业群体中,有一部分企业却能够实现高速增长,有些企业成为行业的领军者。究竟科技型中小企业差异化成长的内在根源是什么?通过对已有的文献梳理发现,多数研究学者认为科技型中小企业成长困境的主要原因在于资源匮乏。从科技型中小企业的生命本质来说,决定其成长的更重要或更关键的因素是企业家。近年来,不少学者在研究中也指出,科技型中小企业的持续成长一定程度上依赖于企业家的个人能力,尤其是在科技型中小企业的早期发展阶段,这一特点更为明显。因此,在已有学者研究成果的基础上,以科技型中小企业为研究对象,揭示不同特征的企业家能力差异,以及不同能力的企业家对科技型中小企业成长产生作用的内在机理,这对我国构建科技型中小企业成长理论体系,具有较为重要的作用和理论价值。本文主要是剖析科技型中小企业家能力对科技型中小企业成长影响的机理,根据理论分析建立研究假设,进而通过问卷调查采集数据,并利用多元回归等方法检验所提出的相关研究假设,从而为更好的推进科技型中小企业实现可持续成长提供经验依据。基于此,形成本文的研究内容,主要涵盖如下方面:第一,科技型中小企业家能力及其对科技型中小企业成长关系影响的框架模型研究。在已有文献梳理基础上,进一步进行深层次的理论演绎,分别从理论层面分析了科技型中小企业家能力对企业成长的影响,以及企业家导向对科技型中小企业家能力与企业成长的调节作用。根据理论分析结果,提出了本文的理论研究假设,构建形成研究过程中使用的概念模型。第二,科技型中小企业家能力与科技型中小企业成长关系的实证研究设计。关于科技型中小企业家能力与企业成长关系的实证研究方法部分,首先是对变量操作化处理,主要涉及到的变量包括:科技型中小企业家能力、科技型中小企业家导向、科技型中小企业成长。在此基础上,对问卷进行设计,并根据专家意见对问卷的可靠性进行了分析探讨,以确保问卷的有效性和问卷质量。关于数据采集,主要是通过学校的校友会资源进行大样本调研,确保数据的代表性和保障问卷回收效果。最后对实证研究过程中采用的分析方法进行了说明。第三,科技型中小企业家能力对科技型中小企业成长的实证分析。基于前述的理论分析和研究假设,利用因子分析、信度分析、效度分析等方法,检验科技型中小企业家能力、企业家导向和科技型中小企业成长等变量的信度和效度。在此基础上,进一步对科技型中小企业家能力、科技型中小企业成长等变量进行相关性分析,检验变量之间是否存在严重的多重共线性问题;最后,运用多元回归模型检验调节效应,对提出的理论假设进行实证检验,并对统计分析结果进行了基本的分析和讨论,从而为研究科技型中小企业家影响科技型中小企业成长的内在机理提供经验证据。第四,研究结论的主要管理启示。在前述的理论分析和实证检验基础上,系统总结了本文的主要研究结论和重要观点。在此基础上,结合我国科技型中小企业的发展实际,从环境条件、机制建设等方面提出了促进我国科技型中小企业的企业家发展的对策建议。根据本文的研究内容和研究结论,创新点主要包含以下三点:第一,构建了 “科技型中小企业家导向—科技型中小企业家能力—科技型中小企业成长”的理论分析框架。本文提出了一个新框架分析企业家能力对企业成长影响,这也是本文逻辑主线。科技型中小企业成长核心要素是企业家,重点是科技型中小企业家是否具备与企业不同成长阶段的能力要求相匹配;其次,不同企业家能力所获取到的各种资源,可能转换为企业成长的推动力,这是确保企业健康成长的重要基础。第二,揭示了科技型中小企业家能力约束性因素和功效。根据人力资本理论的相关研究,企业家能力的发挥主要受到自身相关因素的影响,从而本文揭示了不同特征的企业家的能力是如何影响科技型中小企业成长的基本作用机理。在此基础上,提出了企业成长的复合测量指标,检验不同企业家能力对企业成长的贡献,进而形成了从企业家能力角度研究科技型中小企业成长功效的分析模型。第三,定义科技型中小企业家能力的关键维度并揭示企业家导向的调节效应。主要从机会发现能力、政治关系能力、商业关系能力、学习能力、创新能力和风险控制能力六个维度构建我国科技型中小企业家能力测量体系。通过企业家能力相关测量问项,揭示科技型中小企业成长差异的企业家因素,探求科技型中小企业实现持续成长的规律;从而解析科技型中小企业家能力维度对科技型中小企业成长行为的内在作用机理。同时,从先动性、创新性和风险趋向三个维度剖析科技型中小企业家导向对科技型中小企业家能力与企业成长关系的调节效应。
[Abstract]:The small and medium-sized enterprise is an important part of the national economy, they have become the most active groups in China's economic and social development, especially in the full implementation of China's innovation driven development strategy and the unique role of innovative national construction process, has become the theory and practice, the consensus of the community. As an important component of small groups in the enterprise, scientific and technological small and medium-sized enterprises with a flexible mode of operation, the relentless pursuit of innovation, gradually become a key force for economic and social development and an important carrier. For science and technology small and medium-sized enterprises, they are in high speed of economic growth, industrial structure optimization, plays a very important role in the process of social stability and development. However, China's scientific and technological enterprises suffered a high mortality rate, high rate of "high failure, seriously hindered the effective play its important role. At the same time, the science and technology type Small business groups, some enterprises are to achieve rapid growth, some enterprises have become the industry leader. How SMEs poor growth is what causes alienation? Based on the existing literature review found that most of the scholars believe that the main reason of SME growth predicament is from lack of resources. The essence of life science and technology small and medium-sized enterprise, decided its growth is more important or more important factor is the entrepreneur. In recent years, many scholars have pointed out in the study, small and medium-sized enterprises continued to grow to a certain extent depends on the personal ability of the entrepreneur, especially in the early stage of development of small and medium-sized enterprises. This feature is more obvious. Therefore, based on the existing research achievements, the science and technology small and medium-sized enterprises as the research object, the difference of entrepreneur ability reveal different characteristics, and The internal mechanism of different abilities of entrepreneurs on SME growth effect, the theory of the growth of system construction in small and medium sized enterprises in China, and has important theoretical value. This paper is the influence mechanism analysis in small and medium sized entrepreneur ability of science and technology in the development of small business, according to the theoretical analysis to establish the research hypothesis then, through the questionnaire to collect data and related research hypotheses proposed using multiple regression test method, so as to promote the small and medium-sized enterprises to better achieve sustainable development provides the basis. Based on this, the formation of the research content of this paper, mainly cover the following aspects: first, the research framework model of the impact of small and medium-sized entrepreneurs ability and the growth of small and medium sized enterprise of science and technology. Based on the existing literatures, further deep theoretical deduction, By analyzing the impact of technology-based small and medium-sized entrepreneurs ability on enterprise growth from the theoretical level, and entrepreneurial orientation on small and medium-sized technology entrepreneur's ability and the enterprise growth regulation. According to the results of theoretical analysis, this paper put forward the research hypothesis, the conceptual model used in the process of researching the formation. Second, design an empirical study on the growth relationship small and medium-sized technology entrepreneurship and SME. Part of the empirical research method about the relationship between science and technology small and medium-sized entrepreneurs ability and enterprise growth, is the first operation of the variable processing, mainly related to the variables include: small and medium-sized entrepreneurs, small and medium-sized entrepreneurial orientation, technological SMEs on the basis of this., questionnaires are designed and discussed according to the reliability of expert opinion on the questionnaire and questionnaire, to ensure the effective The quality of the questionnaire. On data acquisition, mainly through the school's alumni resources for large sample survey, to ensure the representativeness and security questionnaire data recovery effect. At the end of the analysis using empirical research methods in the process are described. Third, analysis of small and medium sized entrepreneur ability of science and technology is the growth of small and medium enterprises. The empirical analysis theory and the research hypothesis based on the aforementioned analysis, factor analysis, reliability, validity analysis, inspection technology of small and medium enterprises, entrepreneurial orientation and SME growth variables such as reliability and validity. On this basis, further to small and medium-sized entrepreneurs, SME growth variables by correlation analysis. If there is a serious problem of multicollinearity test between variables; finally, adjust the effect of using multiple regression model to test the theory put forward Empirical hypothesis was tested, and the results of statistical analysis are analyzed and discussed the basic experience, so as to provide evidence for the study of small and medium-sized entrepreneurs influence SME internal mechanism of growth. Fourth, the main management research conclusion. Based on the aforementioned theoretical analysis and empirical test, summarized the main conclusion of the study in this paper, and the major viewpoints. On this basis, combined with the actual development of China's small and medium-sized enterprises, from the environmental conditions, mechanism construction put forward some countermeasures to promote the development of entrepreneurs, high-tech SMEs in our country. According to the research contents and research conclusions, innovation mainly includes the following three points: first, the construction of "science and technology science and technology small and medium-sized and small entrepreneurial orientation entrepreneurial ability - the growth of small and medium enterprises" in the theoretical framework. This paper proposes a A new framework to analyze the effect of entrepreneur ability on enterprise growth, which is the main logic. The core elements of growing SME entrepreneurs, focused on whether the small and medium-sized enterprises and entrepreneurs have different growth stages of the ability to match the requirements of all kinds of resources; secondly, different entrepreneurial ability acquired, can be transformed to the growth of enterprises this force is an important foundation to ensure the healthy growth of enterprises. Second, reveals the small and medium-sized entrepreneurs capacity constraints and effect. According to the study of human capital theory, enterprise ability is mainly affected by their own factors, so this paper reveals the different characteristics of the entrepreneur's ability is how to influence the basic mechanism of action the growth of small and medium sized enterprises. On this basis, put forward the composite measure of enterprise growth, test different entrepreneurs The ability to contribute to the growth of enterprises, and the formation of the analysis model from the perspective of entrepreneurship development research on the effect of growth of small and medium-sized high-tech enterprises. Third, adjusting effect of key dimension definitions of technology-based small and medium-sized entrepreneurial competence and entrepreneurial orientation. The main findings reveal the ability from the opportunity, political relations, business relationship ability, learning ability, six dimensions innovation and risk control ability to build science and technology small and medium-sized entrepreneurs ability measurement system. The measurement items related to entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial factors reveal growth differences in small and medium sized enterprises, explore scientific and technological small and medium-sized enterprises to achieve sustained growth of the law; the intrinsic mechanism and analysis of small and medium-sized entrepreneurs ability dimensions on SME growth behavior at the same time, from the first move, innovation and risk tendency of three aspects of technology-based small and medium-sized entrepreneurs The regulation effect on the relationship between the ability of technology-based SMEs and the growth of enterprises.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F276.3;F272.92

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