湖南省耕地重金属污染治理研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 21:34

本文选题：湖南省　切入点：耕地土壤　出处：《湖南农业大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：国家在《环境保护“十二五”规划》当中明确指出,土壤环境保护具有十分重要的意义,需尽快落实重点地区污染土壤的修复工作。湖南省素来被冠以“鱼米之乡”和“有色金属之乡”的美称,然而由于经济的飞速发展,工业以及农业的用地规模在逐渐扩大,富含重金属的各类物质通过多种途径渗入到土壤中,最终改变了土壤的原有物质结构,形成了重金属污染。相关统计结果显示,湖南省内所有遭受重金属污染的土壤中湘江流域农产品产地近8万平方千米,重度污染的面积约占总污染面积的16%；中度污染的约2.6万平方千米,占33%；轻度污染的超过4万平方千米,占50%。由此可见,重金属污染的防治迫在眉睫。本文就是基于这样的背景下以湖南省为研究对象对耕地重金属污染治理进行研究。本文首先介绍了与该课题有关的概念,而后研究了湖南省耕地土壤重金属污染现状和主要污染原因,通过两个实地调查的例子,即洞庭湖区和湖南省长沙县,对我省耕地重金属污染特征进行了分析。通过借鉴国际上先进国家在土壤环境保护方面的经验,结合我国现有土壤环境保护政策,最终提出了湖南省耕地土壤重金属污染防治的各项政策建议,主要包括两个方面：建立健全耕地土壤污染预防制度和强化耕地土壤污染治理与管理。本文共分为六个部分。首先简要的分析了论文的研究背景与意义,然后介绍了相关领域的国内外研究等。第二部分介绍了湖南省耕地重金属污染的现状及特征,以点带面分析了本省重金属污染的各方面成因。第三部分介绍了我国现有的土地保护政策。第五部分是基于前四个部分得出的结论,深入分析了湖南省耕地重金属污染治理的有关对策,并指出对今后的重金属污染治理的一些启示。最后一部分为总结。
[Abstract]:In the 12th Five-Year Plan for Environmental Protection, the state clearly pointed out that soil environmental protection is of great significance. It is necessary to carry out the remediation of contaminated soil in key areas as soon as possible. Hunan Province has long been known as the "land of fish and rice" and "the hometown of non-ferrous metals". However, due to the rapid economic development, the scale of land use for industry and agriculture is gradually expanding. Various kinds of substances rich in heavy metals infiltrate into the soil through many ways, which eventually change the original material structure of the soil and form heavy metal pollution. In all the soils polluted by heavy metals in Hunan Province, the agricultural production area of the Xiangjiang River basin is nearly 80,000 square kilometers, with heavy pollution accounting for about 16 square kilometers of the total polluted area, and about 26,000 square kilometers of moderate pollution. The mildly polluted area is over 40,000 square kilometers, accounting for 50 square kilometers. Thus, it can be seen, The prevention and control of heavy metal pollution is imminent. This paper is based on this background to study the heavy metal pollution control of cultivated land in Hunan Province. Firstly, this paper introduces the concepts related to this subject. Then, the present situation and main pollution reasons of heavy metal pollution in cultivated land soil in Hunan Province were studied. Through two field investigation examples, namely Dongting Lake District and Changsha County of Hunan Province, The characteristics of heavy metal pollution in cultivated land in our province are analyzed. Based on the experience of advanced countries in the field of soil environmental protection and the existing soil environmental protection policies in China, this paper analyzes the characteristics of heavy metal pollution in cultivated land in our province. Finally, some policy suggestions on the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in cultivated land in Hunan Province are put forward. This paper is divided into six parts. Firstly, the research background and significance of this paper are briefly analyzed. The second part introduces the status quo and characteristics of heavy metal pollution in cultivated land in Hunan Province. The causes of heavy metal pollution in this province are analyzed from point to point. The third part introduces the existing land conservation policies in China. Part 5th is based on the conclusions of the first four parts. In this paper, the countermeasures of heavy metal pollution control in cultivated land in Hunan Province are deeply analyzed, and some enlightenments for heavy metal pollution control in the future are pointed out. The last part is a summary.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：X53

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