光生物安全计量标准与测量方法研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 19:21

本文选题：辐射安全　切入点：量值溯源　出处：《北京理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：光生物学是研究光辐射与生物器官组织相互作用的学科。光生物安全主要研究的是光辐射对人体的眼睛和皮肤的辐射危害性，并对各种人造光源给出安全性评价和使用建议，，提高公众对光辐射的防护意识。由于光生物安全领域中测量的特殊性和复杂性，到现在为止我国还没有建立相应的光生物安全计量标准以及相应的量值溯源系统。本论文主要研究光生物安全计量标准与测量方法，建立光辐射曝辐量的测量装置与量值溯源系统，主要内容和研究成果如下： (1)对光生物安全领域的国内外标准和研究情况进行了文献调研和综合评述，详细比较了不同标准之间的差异。 (2)研究了光生物安全测量系统的量值溯源涉及到的光谱辐射照度标准灯模型，包括高温黑体到光谱辐射照度标准灯的量值传递以及光谱辐射照度标准灯到光生物安全测量系统的量值传递。根据人工神经网络具有良好的非线性映射及泛化能力，提出了光谱辐射照度标准灯的RBF神经网络模型，旨在减小量值传递过程中的不确定度，并与普朗克-多项式模型进行比较，证明了RBF神经网络模型的优越性。 (3)建立了光生物安全测量装置与量值溯源系统。包括加权辐射照度、空间平均辐射亮度和表观源测量装置，并对测量装置的性能指标，如波长准确度、测量重复性等进行了测试。 (4)介绍了辐射危害风险等级类型和危害距离信息的分析方法，提出了基于辐射照度计确定光源的危害距离的简化方法，并通过实验对方法进行验证。对台灯、紫外光源、手机闪光灯等样品进行了光生物安全测试，给出了其辐射危害风险等级分类和危害距离信息，为其安全使用提供指导。
[Abstract]:Photobiology is the study of the interaction between light radiation and biological organs and tissues. Photobiosafety is mainly concerned with the radiation harmfulness of light radiation to human eyes and skin, and gives safety evaluation and application suggestions for various artificial light sources. To raise public awareness of the protection of light radiation. Due to the particularity and complexity of measurement in the field of photobiosafety, Up to now, our country has not established the corresponding photobiosafety metrology standard and the corresponding quantity traceability system. This thesis mainly studies the photobiosafety measurement standard and the measurement method. The measurement device and traceability system of radiation exposure are established. The main contents and research results are as follows:. 1) the domestic and international standards and research situation in the field of photobiosafety are investigated and reviewed, and the differences among different standards are compared in detail. (2) the spectral radiance standard lamp model related to the traceability of photobiosafety measurement system is studied. It includes the quantity transfer from high temperature blackbody to spectral radiance standard lamp and from spectral illuminance standard lamp to photobiosafety measurement system. According to the artificial neural network, it has good nonlinear mapping and generalization ability. The RBF neural network model of spectral illuminance standard lamp is proposed, which aims to reduce the uncertainty in the process of value transfer. Compared with Planck-polynomial model, the superiority of RBF neural network model is proved. A photobiosafety measuring device and a traceability system are established, including weighted radiance, spatial average radiance and apparent source measurement, and the performance of the measuring device, such as wavelength accuracy. The repeatability of measurement was tested. (4) this paper introduces the analysis method of risk level and hazard distance information of radiation hazard, puts forward a simplified method to determine the harm distance of light source based on radiometer, and verifies the method by experiment. The photobiosafety test of mobile phone flash lamp was carried out, and the classification of radiation hazard risk and the information of hazard distance were given, which provided guidance for its safe use.
【学位授予单位】：北京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：Q63

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