安徽省乡镇人大主席的工作困境及其法律治理

发布时间：2018-03-29 21:16

本文选题：乡镇人大主席　切入点：工作困境　出处：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：乡镇人大主席在我国基层人大中处于主心骨的位置,是人民群众与基层人大代表相连接的纽带和桥梁。虽然近几年国家通过法律和政策法规对乡镇人大主席建设予以肯定和强化,但是在现实的运作中,人大主席并没有展现出宪法法律所赋予其应当发挥的作用,在一些方面甚至存在着边缘化的问题,没能达到制度设定的理想预期。本文以困境化问题视角调查分析安徽省乡镇人大主席为研究切入点,采用问卷调查法、实地访谈法、统计分析等研究方法,结合省内外各地区的实际经验和相关学者的研究成果,从实践和理论的双重角度对安徽省乃至全国乡镇人大主席如何避免边缘化、随意化和虚置化问题,更好的走出困境以发挥作用,提出了相关法律治理建议,并进行了一些学术构想和探讨。本文由引言、正文和结语三大结构组成。在引言中对参考文献和相关学者观点进行了研究综述,提出了撰写此文的目的与意义,阐述了全文创作的基本思路并说明了研究方法,简单概括了安徽省乡镇人大主席的基本情况。文章中心共分为四部分。第一部分以乡镇基层人大及人大主席的历史发展变迁为着手点,对安徽省乡镇人大及乡镇人大主席的发展历程、宪法地位、职权与行使程序进行全方位概述,经过分析对比总结出乡镇人大主席的角色定位。然后从地区的政治、经济、文化等方面出发,分别选取并介绍安徽省三个有代表性的县区,对该县区乡镇的民众、官员干部及人大主席进行调查问卷,进行乡镇人大的比较分析,来概括安徽省乡镇人大主席的大致情况。第二部分围绕安徽省乡镇人大主席的具体案例,以前一部分所介绍的三个县区的乡镇的关于乡镇人大及乡镇人大主席相关情况的调查问卷来进行资料汇总分析,分别从乡镇人大主席角色定位的边缘化、认职标准的随意化与代表属性的虚置化三个方面,具体阐明乡镇人大主席的工作困境问题,并对照现实案例,引发思考。第三部分主要分析论证乡镇人大主席工作困境问题治理的必要性与可行性,具体包括三点:首先,符合宪法基本原则;其次,利于乡镇民主政治发展;最后,试点地区提供可行经验。第四部分则根据前几部分的分析阐述,对乡镇人大主席工作困境进行治理之法律再定位,主要从顶层设计和自身建设两方面对乡镇人大主席的合理建构模式提出设想,对乡镇人大主席的相关制度提出完善建议。具体包括:法律法规修订、权力地位确认、职能方式转变、财政政策支持以及明确选任标准、创新表达机制、提升综合水平和加强社会宣传几个方面。最后是结语部分,按照马克思主义对于建设新型的国家人民代议机构的基本构想,我国基层人大制度建设还有很长的路要继续前行,改革和完善乡镇人大主席也需要引起更多人的重视。对乡镇人大主席的相关法律治理只是我国漫长宪政史上的一步。
[Abstract]:The chairman of the township people's Congress is in the main position of the grassroots people's congresses in our country. It is a link and bridge between the people's masses and the people's congresses at the grassroots level. Although the state has affirmed and strengthened the construction of the chairman of the township people's Congress through laws and policies and regulations in recent years, in the actual operation, The chairman of the National people's Congress has not shown the role that the Constitution and the law should play, and in some respects there is even a problem of marginalization. This paper investigates and analyzes the chairman of the township people's Congress in Anhui Province from the angle of dilemma, and adopts the methods of questionnaire survey, field interview, statistical analysis, and so on. Based on the practical experience of various regions in and outside the province and the research results of relevant scholars, from the perspective of practice and theory, this paper discusses how the chairmen of Anhui Province and even the National Township people's Congress can avoid marginalization, be arbitrary and fictitious. Better out of the dilemma in order to play a role, put forward the relevant legal governance proposals, and carried out some academic ideas and discussions. In the introduction, the author summarizes the references and related scholars' viewpoints, puts forward the purpose and significance of writing this article, expounds the basic ideas of the full text creation, and explains the research methods. This paper briefly summarizes the basic situation of the chairman of the township people's Congress in Anhui Province. The article center is divided into four parts. The first part begins with the historical development and changes of the township people's Congress and the chairman of the people's Congress. The development course, constitutional status, authority and exercise procedure of the township people's Congress and the chairman of the township people's Congress in Anhui Province are summarized in an all-round way. The role of the chairman of the township people's Congress is summed up through analysis and comparison. Then, from the political and economic aspects of the region, Starting from culture and other aspects, this paper selects and introduces the three representative counties and districts of Anhui Province, carries out a questionnaire to the people, officials and cadres and the chairman of the people's Congress of this county and township, and carries out a comparative analysis of the township people's congresses. To summarize the general situation of the chairman of the township people's Congress in Anhui Province. The second part revolves around the specific case of the chairman of the township people's Congress of Anhui Province. The questionnaire on the situation of township people's congresses and their chairmen in the three counties and regions introduced in the previous part was used to collect and analyze the data and analyze the marginalization of the role of the chairman of the township people's congresses from the perspective of the role of the chairman of the township people's congresses. In this paper, the author clarifies the plight of the chairman of the township people's Congress from the three aspects of the arbitrariness of the standard and the fictitious nature of the representative, and compares the practical cases with the difficult position of the chairman. The third part mainly analyzes the necessity and feasibility of managing the plight of the chairman of the township people's Congress, including three specific points: first, it conforms to the basic principles of the Constitution; secondly, it is conducive to the development of democratic politics in villages and towns; finally, it is conducive to the development of democratic politics in villages and towns. In the fourth part, according to the analysis and elaboration in the previous parts, the legal position of managing the plight of the chairman of the township people's Congress is redefined. Mainly from two aspects of top-level design and self-construction, this paper proposes a reasonable construction model for the chairman of the township people's Congress, and puts forward some suggestions for the perfection of the relevant system of the chairman of the township people's Congress. The specific proposals include: revision of laws and regulations, confirmation of power status, Functional changes, fiscal policy support, clear criteria for selection, innovative mechanisms of expression, raising the level of integration and strengthening social propaganda. Finally, the concluding remarks. In accordance with the basic concept of Marxism for building a new type of national people's representative organization, there is still a long way to go in the construction of the grass-roots people's Congress system in our country. The reform and perfection of the chairman of the township people's Congress also need to attract more people's attention, and the related legal administration of the chairman of the township people's Congress is only a step in the long history of constitutional government in our country.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D624

【参考文献】