城乡基本公共服务均等化的空间经济分析

发布时间：2018-03-31 09:01

  本文选题：城乡基本公共服务　切入点：基本公共服务均等化　出处：《首都经济贸易大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：基本公共服务是与人民群众的最关心、最现实、最直接的切身利益密切相关,是公共服务的基础与核心。基本公共服务的质量和水平的差距直接体现为城乡居民实际生活水平和质量的差距。城乡之间在收入分配、基础教育、基础设施、社会保障、公共文化、医疗卫生、技术条件等方面非均衡发展,使得贫穷向农村集中,财富向城市集中。缩小城乡居民之间在生活水平和质量上的差距,要建立覆盖城乡、可持续的基本公共服务体系,推进城乡基本公共服务均等化的实现,这也是“十三五”时期我国统筹城乡发展的重点任务。在这一现实背景下,从空间经济学的理论层面构建我国城乡基本公共服务均等化的空间经济分析框架,研究我国城乡基本公共服务均等化的空间分布格局,探讨城乡基本公共服务的空间溢出效应,具有重要理论及现实意义。本文基于城乡关系理论和空间经济学理论的分析框架,以公平理论和福利经济理论为价值理念,借助于ArcGis和Geoda软件,利用空间经济计量分析方法对我国城乡基本公共服务均等化水平展开分析。本文对我国城乡基本公共服务均等化的现状及非均衡性原因进行研究,发现城乡基本公共服务在基础教育、公共卫生医疗、社会保障等方面依然存在很大的差距,造成差距的根本原因是源于我国城乡二元社会结构和城乡二元经济结构的存在。城乡二元社会结构下,政府实施城乡二元的户籍制度、土地制度、财政制度等管理制度,在这种二元经济体制下,形成了城乡有别的公共服务供给制度,并制约着我国城乡基本公共服务均等化的发展。本文在构建城乡基本公共服务均等化指标体系基础上,利用变异系数和熵值方法对我国城市基本公共服务水平、农村基本公共服务水平以及城乡基本公共服务均等化水平进行测度,发现三者基本公共服务水平在空间分布格局上均呈现空间集聚的现象,但并不具有内在一致性。利用空间经济分析方法对我国城乡基本公共服务均等化水平进行空间依赖性检验,发现我国城乡基本公共服务均等化水平存在空间相关性,也就是具有空间溢出效应。利用空间回归模型和空间误差模型检验我国城乡基本公共服务均等化水平与城镇化水平、经济发展水平以及公共服务财政支出规模、人口规模的关系,发现均呈现正相关关系。研究得出政策上的含义是要缩小城乡差距,不断推进城乡基本公共服务均等化,关键在于提高农村基本公共服务水平,加大对农村基本公共服务建设力度。因此,本文认为,我国城乡基本公共服务呈现空间集聚的空间分布格局,且均等化水平存在空间依赖性,即具有空间溢出效应,并受经济发展水平、城镇化水平、财政支出规模以及人口规模的影响。
[Abstract]:Basic public services are closely related to the most concerned, realistic, and immediate vital interests of the people. It is the basis and core of public service. The difference between the quality and level of basic public service is directly reflected in the gap between the actual living standard and quality of urban and rural residents, between urban and rural areas in income distribution, basic education, infrastructure, social security, The uneven development of public culture, medical and health care, and technological conditions has led to the concentration of poverty in rural areas and the concentration of wealth in cities. The gap in living standards and quality between urban and rural residents should be narrowed, and coverage of urban and rural areas should be established. A sustainable basic public service system to promote the realization of equalization of urban and rural basic public services is also the key task of coordinating urban and rural development in the 13th Five-Year Plan period. From the theoretical level of spatial economics, this paper constructs the spatial economic analysis framework of equalization of basic public services between urban and rural areas, studies the spatial distribution pattern of equalization of basic public services in urban and rural areas, and probes into the spatial spillover effects of basic public services in urban and rural areas. It has important theoretical and practical significance. Based on the analysis framework of urban-rural relationship theory and spatial economics theory, this paper takes equity theory and welfare economy theory as the value concept, with the help of ArcGis and Geoda software. Using the method of spatial econometric analysis, this paper analyzes the level of equalization of basic public services between urban and rural areas in China. This paper studies the present situation and non-equilibrium reasons of equalization of basic public services in urban and rural areas in China. We found that there is still a big gap between urban and rural basic public services in basic education, public health care, social security, etc. The root cause of the gap is the existence of the dual social structure of urban and rural areas and the dual economic structure of urban and rural areas. Under the dual social structure of urban and rural areas, the government implements the management system of household registration system, land system, financial system and so on. Under this dual economic system, there are different public service supply systems in urban and rural areas, and the development of equalization of basic public services between urban and rural areas is restricted. This paper constructs the index system of equalization of basic public services in urban and rural areas. Using the method of coefficient of variation and entropy to measure the level of basic public service in cities, the level of basic public services in rural areas and the level of equalization of basic public services in urban and rural areas. It is found that the three basic public service levels all present the phenomenon of spatial agglomeration in the spatial distribution pattern. But there is no inherent consistency. The spatial dependence test of the level of basic public service equalization between urban and rural areas is carried out by using the spatial economic analysis method, and it is found that there is a spatial correlation in the level of equalization of basic public services between urban and rural areas in China. Using spatial regression model and spatial error model to test the level of urban-rural basic public service equalization and urbanization, the level of economic development and the scale of public service expenditure. The relationship between population size and population size is found to be positively correlated. The policy implication is to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas and to continuously promote the equalization of basic public services between urban and rural areas. The key lies in improving the level of basic public services in rural areas. Therefore, this paper holds that the basic public services in urban and rural areas present spatial distribution pattern of spatial agglomeration, and the level of equalization exists spatial dependence, that is, spatial spillover effect. And by the level of economic development, urbanization level, the scale of financial expenditure and the size of the population.
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D630
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本文编号：1690041