台湾地区大规模解雇法律规制及对大陆地区的启示

发布时间：2018-04-09 00:23

本文选题：经济性裁员　切入点：大量解雇劳工保护法　出处：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：经济性裁员作为劳动合同关系解除的一种特殊形式,通常是在企业面临经营困难时,或者是在受到其他经济性因素的影响的时候,为了节约企业因多余劳动力而造成的多余的运行成本,缓解企业自身在同行业中的竞争压力而采取的一种特殊手段。但由于经济性裁员的影响范围广泛,尤其是在劳动者群体中涉及范围十分广泛,且裁员的结果会直接影响到一个地区甚至一个国家现有劳动关系的安定程度。所以,在采取以这种方式解除劳动合同关系时,如何更好的平衡企业的用工自主权与劳动者的自身的就业保障权就显得至关重要。现如今,我国大陆地区(以下简称"大陆地区")《劳动合同法》虽然在《劳动法》的基础上,对经济性裁员制度做了进一步的完善,但依然存在诸多问题,如法条含义模糊、预警报告制度缺乏、劳资协商机制缺失、救济方式软弱等诸多制度漏洞。对此,我国台湾地区(以下简称"台湾地区")在大规模解雇(鉴于这两种称谓并无实质区别,本文根据行文需要,同时使用"大规模解雇"和"经济性裁员"两种表述,以方便论述。)劳工方面,已经形成了独特的法律体系,其立法模式与法律规制内容,值得大陆地区予以借鉴。首先,本文第一部分阐述了台湾地区大规模解雇立法的产生背景,以及立法时所确立的,由大规模解雇法制化、劳工权益的保障和防范企业恶意裁员停工组成的三项基本目标。其次,由于经济性裁员的性质以及在市场经济全球化的局势下,通过法律法规对经济性裁员的条件、程序加以规范至关重要,本文第二部分具体介绍了台湾地区大规模解雇制度的法律规制情况,其中包括大规模解雇中对"大规模"的定义、大规模解雇的事由、以及大规模解雇的内容和流程,其中对内容和流程的论述上,为了使得制度设计更加直观,本文采用了台湾某学者的观点,将大规模解雇程序分成了三个阶段,分别为初步计划阶段、裁员准备阶段以及契约终止阶段。再次,结合台湾地区大规模解雇案件的统计数据,了解台湾地区大规模解雇制度的实施现状以及立法实际取得的实际效果,并分析总结影响台湾地区劳资协商的关键因素,从而为大陆地区立法与执法提供有益的启示。最后,也是本文的重点,通过借鉴台湾地区相关法律制度和立法技术,并针对大陆地区现有的关于大规模解雇的相关法律制度,分别从解雇的规模与事由、解雇的程序、被解雇人员权利保障以及行政保障措施四个方面,比较海峡两岸关于大规模解雇的现行法律制度,从中发现大陆地区立法上存在的缺陷与不足之处,并提出一系列合理的立法建议,以期完善我国经济性裁员制度。
[Abstract]:As a special form of termination of labor contract relationship, economic layoffs usually occur when enterprises are faced with business difficulties, or when they are affected by other economic factors.In order to save the redundant operation cost caused by the surplus labor force and relieve the competition pressure in the same industry, a special method is adopted.However, economic layoffs have a wide range of influences, especially among workers, and the results of layoffs will directly affect the stability of existing labor relations in a region or even a country.Therefore, how to balance the employment autonomy of the enterprise and the employment security right of the laborer is very important when the labor contract relationship is dissolved in this way.Nowadays, although the Labor contract Law in mainland China (hereinafter referred to as "the mainland region") has made further improvements to the system of economic layoffs on the basis of the Labor Law, there are still many problems, such as the ambiguity of the meaning of the law.The lack of early warning report system, the absence of labor consultation mechanism, the weakness of relief system and so on.In this regard, the Taiwan region of China (hereinafter referred to as "Taiwan region") is engaged in mass dismissal. (since there is no material difference between these two terms, this paper uses the expressions "mass dismissal" and "economic layoffs" according to the need of writing.To facilitate the discussion.)In terms of labor, a unique legal system has been formed, and its legislative model and legal regulation content are worthy of reference in mainland China.First of all, the first part of this paper expounds the background of large-scale dismissal legislation in Taiwan, and the three basic objectives of legislation, which include the legalization of mass dismissal, the protection of labor rights and interests and the prevention of malicious layoffs and stoppages in enterprises.Secondly, due to the nature of economic layoffs and the conditions for economic layoffs through laws and regulations in the context of the globalization of the market economy, it is essential that the procedures be standardized.The second part of this paper introduces the legal regulation of mass dismissal system in Taiwan, including the definition of "large-scale" in mass dismissal, the cause of mass dismissal, and the content and process of mass dismissal.In order to make the system design more intuitive, this paper adopts the viewpoint of a certain scholar in Taiwan and divides the mass dismissal process into three stages, which are the initial planning stages.Redundancy preparation and termination of contract.Thirdly, based on the statistical data of mass dismissal cases in Taiwan, we understand the current situation of the implementation of mass dismissal system and the actual effect of legislation in Taiwan, and analyze and summarize the key factors that affect the labor consultation in Taiwan.Thus provides beneficial enlightenment for the mainland region legislation and law enforcement.Finally, it is also the focus of this paper. By referring to the relevant legal systems and legislative techniques in Taiwan, and aiming at the existing relevant legal systems on mass dismissal in the mainland, the scope and cause of dismissal and the procedure for dismissal are respectively discussed.By comparing the current legal system on mass dismissal between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait in terms of the protection of the rights of the dismissed persons and the administrative safeguards, we can find the defects and deficiencies in the legislation of the mainland region.And put forward a series of reasonable legislative suggestions in order to improve the economic redundancy system.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D927

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