湖南省长株潭部分养殖场猪瘟和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的抗体抽检

发布时间：2018-04-09 02:29

本文选题：猪瘟　切入点：猪繁殖与呼吸综合症　出处：《湖南农业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：猪瘟和高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征是国家强制性免疫的重大动物疫病,特点是发病急,传播快,死亡率高。由于目前无特效的治疗方法,一旦爆发,将会给养猪业造成巨大的经济损失。因此疫苗免疫是能预防和控制这些重大动物疫病最有效的措施之一,而抗体监测是评估疫苗免疫效果最快捷、直接的方法。“长株潭”地区是湖南经济发展的金三角地区,三地的地理位置相近,各地重大动物疫病的疫苗免疫效果对彼此的影响较大。本研究通过对2013年-2015年湖南省长沙、株洲和湘潭三地的部分猪场的猪瘟和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征抗体水平进行了抽样检测,从春秋两季和全年的抗体检测水平对这三个地区的重大动物疫病进行免疫效果评估,相关数据可为发现并改进免疫工作中可能存在的问题提供参考数据。研究方法：本研究于2013-2015年,每年分春秋两次在长株潭三地的部分养猪场采集血清样品,运用ELISA方法检测猪血清样品中的猪瘟和猪繁殖与呼吸综合症抗体水平。检测结果：①猪瘟抗体检测结果：2013年-2015年,所检测样品中猪瘟的抗体合格率为80.9%。其中,2013年春秋两季猪瘟的抗体合格率分别为71%和88.1%；2014年春秋两季猪瘟的抗体合格率分别为89.3%和83.3%；2015年春秋两季的抗体合格率分别为76%和78.4%。②猪繁殖与呼吸综合征检测结果：2013年-2015年,所检测样品中猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的抗体合格率为90.9%。其中,2013年春秋两季猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的抗体合格率分别为92.6%和88.1%;2014年春秋两季的抗体合格率分别为94%和91.3%；2015年春秋两季的抗体合格率分别为86.7%和91.9%。另外,统计长株潭三地区所检样品分析发现,在2013年-2015年间三种抗体水平比较,长沙地区样品检测的合格率最高,株洲略低,而湘潭的免疫效果参差不齐,不太稳定。结果分析：以上数据显示长株潭三个地区在2013-2015年所检测样品中猪瘟和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的抗体水平均达国家所制定的标准,其中猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的抗体合格率高与猪瘟,也比较稳定,而猪瘟的合格率稍低,这可能与疫苗的接种时间、人力以及被免动物自身健康情况等多种因素相关；同时,部分猪场所收集的样品其猪瘟和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的抗体合格率为0,免疫空白区依然存在;另外2013年,株洲和湘潭的猪瘟合格率都低于70%,这些猪场可能存在感染野毒的风险。因此,对于这两种重大疫病的防疫,相关部门要引起重视,对于免疫过程中出现的问题要认真总结,特别要关注提高基层技术人员的服务意识和能力,以保证合理免疫后提高相关重大动物疫病的抗体合格率水平。
[Abstract]:Classical swine fever and highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome is a major animal disease national mandatory immunization, is characterized by acute onset, spread fast, high mortality. Because there is no specific treatment, once broke out, it will cause huge economic losses to the pig industry. So the vaccine is one of the measures to prevent and control these major the most effective animal disease, and antibody monitoring in assessing the immune effect of vaccine the most convenient and direct way. "Changzhutan" area is Hunan economic development area of Golden Triangle, close to three of the geographical position, influence the immune effect of major animal diseases around to each other greatly. Through the Research of Hunan during 2013 -2015 Changsha Province, some pig farms in Zhuzhou and Xiangtan three to the hog cholera virus and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome antibody level of sampling, detection of water from the spring and autumn season two and full year antibody Flat major animal disease in the three regions of the immune effect evaluation, the relevant data can provide reference data for the discovery and possible improvement of immune problems at work. Methods: in this study, in 2013-2015 years, the annual spring and the two part of the pig in the Changsha Zhuzhou Xiangtan three field serum samples were collected, using ELISA method detection of porcine serum samples of hog cholera virus and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome antibody level detection. Results: swine fever antibody: 2013 -2015, the detection of swine fever antibody in a sample pass rate of 80.9%. in 2013 during the spring and autumn season two swine fever antibody pass rates were 71% and 88.1%; 2014 spring and autumn season two swine fever antibody the qualified rates were 89.3% and 83.3%; in the two quarter of 2015 and the antibody pass rates were 76% and 78.4%. of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome detection results: 2013 -2015, the test sample In the antibody of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome pass rate of 90.9%. among them, 2013 spring and autumn season two antibody of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome rate were 92.6% and 88.1%; in the two quarter of 2014 and the antibody pass rates were 94% and 91.3%; in the two quarter of 2015 and the antibody pass rates were 86.7% and 91.9%. statistics, Xiangtan three area of the sample analysis found that in 2013 -2015 years three antibody level detection samples Changsha area the highest pass rate in Zhuzhou is slightly lower, but the immune effect of Xiangtan's uneven, not too stable. Results: the Changsha Zhuzhou Xiangtan area three detection of the antibody level of hog and pig breeding and respiratory syndrome samples were formulated by the national standards in more than 2013-2015 years of data show that the antibody of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome with high qualification rate is relatively stable, and swine fever, swine fever and qualified Slightly lower rate, which may be related to the vaccine inoculation time, a variety of human and animal free their own health related factors; at the same time, some farms in the collected samples of the swine fever and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome antibody pass rate of 0, immune gaps still exist; in 2013, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan qualified swine fever the rate of less than 70%, there may be a risk of infection in these farms of wild virus. Therefore, for the two major epidemic diseases, the relevant departments should pay attention to, for the presence of immune problems in the process should conscientiously sum up, pay special attention to improve the basic technical personnel service consciousness and ability, to ensure reasonable immunity after improving antibody the relevant major animal disease level of pass rate.

【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S858.28

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