基于HMI的静重式力标准机设计及其关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-21 19:36

本文选题：静重式力标准机 + HMI　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着“中国制造2025”的提出,国民经济的发展对机械装备技术也提出了更高的要求。在力值计量领域,许多新材料、新技术和新工艺应用到了标准测力设备上,在装备性能提高的同时,结构和控制方式也越来越复杂,为了适应新形势的要求,需要对标准测力设备在结构和控制方面进行深入研究。静重式力标准机作为力值计量精度最高的设备,其加载精度一直代表着力标准机领域的最高基准。本论文基于1k N静重式力标准机,在结构和控制系统方面做了新的尝试,使力标准机的性能进一步提高。首先,论文对1k N静重式力标准机进行了机械结构部分的设计,包括主机机架,动横梁,砝码组件,砝码驱动部件,吊挂组件,防摆机构等,并对主要部件进行了力学性能分析。其次,针对砝码交换产生的逆负荷问题,本文提出了一种平推夹紧原理,即采用夹持吊挂的方法进行砝码交换,并建立了力学模型,设计了一种夹紧装置。通过此装置动作,消除了逆负荷对计量精度的影响,提高了检定数据的准确性。再次,本论文在应用电动独立加码技术和吊挂防摆技术的基础上,提出了一种以PLC控制器和工业触摸屏(HMI)技术为核心的自动控制系统,将该控制系统应用于静重式力标准机上,实现了力值计量和数据处理的自动化,提高了检定效率。在硬件方面,完成了电气元件的选型与连接,对控制流程和控制电路进行了设计。在软件方面,实现了控制系统的通讯以及PLC和HMI的组态,完成了PLC程序的设计和HMI界面的设计。最后,对静重式力标准机进行了性能测试,根据称重传感器的检定规程,完成了传感器的静负荷特性实验和蠕变实验。完成了砝码交换时消除逆负荷的实验。通过以上实验验证,所设计的静重式力标准机满足要求。这种HMI与PLC结合的控制方式,可以实时显示机器运行状态,方便技术人员的操作,增加了控制系统的可靠性。
[Abstract]:With the proposal of "made in China 2025", the development of national economy has put forward higher requirements for machinery and equipment technology. In the field of force value measurement, many new materials, new technologies and new processes have been applied to the standard force measuring equipment. With the improvement of equipment performance, the structure and control methods are becoming more and more complex, in order to meet the requirements of the new situation, It is necessary to study the structure and control of the standard force measuring equipment. Static force standard machine is the equipment with the highest precision of force measurement, and its loading precision always represents the highest standard in the field of standard machine. Based on 1kN static load force standard machine, this paper makes a new attempt in structure and control system, so that the performance of force standard machine can be further improved. First of all, the paper designs the mechanical structure of 1kN static force standard machine, including main frame, moving beam, weight component, weight driving component, hanging component, anti-swinging mechanism and so on. The mechanical properties of the main components are analyzed. Secondly, aiming at the inverse load problem caused by weight exchange, this paper puts forward a kind of flat push clamping principle, that is, adopting the method of clamping and hanging to carry out the weight exchange, and establishes the mechanical model and designs a clamping device. By using this device, the influence of inverse load on measurement accuracy is eliminated, and the accuracy of verification data is improved. Thirdly, on the basis of the application of electric independent code adding technology and hoisting anti-swing technology, an automatic control system based on PLC controller and industrial touch screen is proposed, and the control system is applied to static force standard machine. The automation of force value measurement and data processing is realized, and the efficiency of verification is improved. In the aspect of hardware, the selection and connection of electrical components are completed, and the control flow and control circuit are designed. In the aspect of software, the communication of control system and the configuration of PLC and HMI are realized, and the design of PLC program and HMI interface is completed. Finally, the performance of the static force standard machine is tested. According to the verification regulation of the weighing sensor, the static load characteristic experiment and creep experiment of the sensor are completed. The experiment of eliminating inverse load in weight exchange is completed. Through the above experimental verification, the static force standard machine is designed to meet the requirements. The combination of HMI and PLC can display the running state of the machine in real time, facilitate the operation of technicians, and increase the reliability of the control system.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH823;TP273

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