我国农村地区借贷对农户收入影响的实证分析

发布时间：2018-04-24 12:37

本文选题：正规金融 + 非正规金融　；参考：《西北农林科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：党和政府历来关注我国特有的“三农”问题,“三农”问题的核心则是农民的收入问题。近年来,党和政府明确指出必须牢牢依靠农村金融来推动农村经济向前发展,坚决有效地提高农户收入水平。我国农村金融市场不仅存在着正规金融机构,也活跃着大量的非正式借贷。同时,进入新世纪后我国农民收入的组成部分发生了巨大转变,非农化、多元化特征越发的明显起来。因此,研究新形势下我国农村金融对农户收入的作用结果及其内在的作用机理具有重要的理论与现实意义。本文首先归纳我国农民借贷现状、农户收入现状以及农民借贷与农户收入关系的研究理论与成果,总结目前研究的成就与不足。其次,引用传统的借贷理论,结合当下的农村借贷情况,重新界定农户、农户借贷与农户收入等概念。然后借鉴前人的理论与成果,作为本文的理论支撑。在实证分析部分,本文基于北大研究所公布的农户微观面板数据,运行固定效应模型,并对模型的结果进行一定的解释与说明。最后总结运行模型的主要结论,然后根据文章得出的结论提出相应的政策建议。相比已有文献资料,本文存在以下可能的创新点:首先,在消除了农户借贷的内生性问题的基础上,分别考察正规金融贷款与非正规金融贷款对农户收入的效应,探索两种渠道的农户贷款对其家庭收入水平及收入结构的影响。其次,与曲小刚等(2013)的文章不同,本文将研究对象由农户生产性支出转为农户收入,并且在计量模型中添加年度虚拟变量、户主学历与年度虚拟变量的交互项,可以分别考察农户收入以及户主学历回报的时间变化趋势。分析结果表明,正规金融借贷对农户家庭纯收入具有显著的正向影响,同时这种影响在我国各地区之间表现出了明显的地区差异;非正规金融借贷对农户经营性收入具有一定程度的负向影响,中部地区非正规金融借贷对农户经营性收入的阻碍作用相对较小;无论是正规金融借贷还是非正规金融借贷,均未对农户家庭成员的工资性收入产生显著的影响。因此,一方面要继续加大信用社等正规金融机构投放贷款的力度与额度,另一方面要允许设立更多的民间金融机构,同时在不同的地区有针对性地制定适宜的政策与法规。相比基期,农民的文化程度对其家庭纯收入和工资性收入的作用在时间上变化不大,甚至在减弱。对此,政府应当加强对农民务工方面的培训,将农民的学历真正转化为人力资本,进而提高他们的相关收入。
[Abstract]:The Party and government have always paid attention to the problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers", the core of which is the problem of farmers' income. In recent years, the Party and the government clearly pointed out that we must firmly rely on rural finance to promote the development of rural economy, and resolutely and effectively improve the income level of farmers. China's rural financial market not only exists formal financial institutions, but also active a large number of informal lending. At the same time, after entering the new century, the components of farmers' income in our country have undergone a great change, and the characteristics of non-agriculture and diversification have become more and more obvious. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the effect of rural finance on peasant household income and its internal mechanism under the new situation. This paper first summarizes the present situation of Chinese farmers' borrowing and borrowing, the present situation of farmers' income and the research theory and results of the relationship between farmers' loans and farmers' income, and summarizes the achievements and shortcomings of the present research. Secondly, referring to the traditional lending theory and combining the current situation of rural lending, we redefine the concepts of peasant household, peasant household loan and peasant household income. Then draw lessons from the previous theories and achievements, as the theoretical support of this article. In the part of empirical analysis, based on the micro-panel data published by the Institute of Beijing University, the fixed effect model is run, and the results of the model are explained and explained to a certain extent. Finally, the main conclusions of the operation model are summarized, and the corresponding policy recommendations are put forward according to the conclusions of the article. Compared with the existing literature, this paper has the following possible innovations: firstly, on the basis of eliminating the endogenous problem of farmers' borrowing, the effects of formal financial loans and informal financial loans on farmers' income are investigated separately. To explore the impact of the two channels of farmers' loans on the income level and income structure of their families. Secondly, different from Quxiaogang et al. (2013), this paper changes the research object from farmer productive expenditure to peasant household income, and adds the annual fictitious variable, the interaction item between the education of the head of household and the annual fictitious variable in the measurement model. We can investigate the time change trend of peasant household income and the return of head of household education separately. The results show that formal financial lending has a significant positive impact on the net income of peasant households, and this impact shows significant regional differences among different regions in China. Informal financial lending has a certain degree of negative impact on farmers' operating income, and informal financial lending in central China has relatively little hindrance to farmers' operating income; whether formal financial lending or informal financial lending, There was no significant effect on the wage income of family members. Therefore, on the one hand, credit cooperatives and other formal financial institutions should continue to increase the strength and amount of loans, on the other hand, more private financial institutions should be allowed to set up, at the same time, appropriate policies and regulations should be formulated in different regions. Compared with the base period, the effect of farmers' education level on their family net income and wage income has little change in time, or even weakened. In view of this, the government should strengthen the training of farmers to work, and transform the education of farmers into human capital, and then improve their related income.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.8

【参考文献】