太阳能光伏组件户外计量方法研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 13:45

本文选题：光伏组件 + 户外测试　；参考：《中国计量科学研究院》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：光伏产业的迅猛发展使得对太阳能电池组件性能的评估和测试也逐渐被关注,而这些评价主要依据组件的电性能参数,即电压-电流曲线。一般对于组件电性能参数的测试都会在标准测试条件(STC)下进行,但是考虑到STC条件只能在实验室条件下人工模拟而太阳能电池组件的实际工作环境是户外,所以需要对组件进行户外测试,并对其特性进行进一步分析。主要提出关于太阳能电池组件的户外电性能参数及标称工作温度的测试方法。通过论文中的实验方法获取了太阳能电池组件在各种不同的环境条件下的电性能参数,并根据实验结果分析各种环境因素包括太阳辐照度、太阳光谱、温度、风速风向等对组件性能的影响。通过户外与室内的测试结果的对比来分析标准测试条件和户外现场环境中组件特性的差异及其主要来源,另外通过实验分析了光伏组件在应用于电站现场时可能出现的各种类型的故障,并将其归结为串联电阻过大、并联电阻过小、组件失配、输出电流减小和输出电压减小五种状况。通过总结各种不同的故障类型在电压-电流曲线上所体现的对应现象,使得在实际应用中对光伏系统性能评价和故障分析的效率和准确性都大大提高。最后介绍了在某光伏电站的验收中所做的工作,对测试所得到的数据和现象产生原因都进行了分析,并对测试结果进行了不确定度评定。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of photovoltaic industry, more and more attention has been paid to the performance evaluation and testing of solar cell modules, which are mainly based on the electrical performance parameters of the modules, that is, voltage-current curves. Generally, the electrical performance parameters of the module are tested under the standard test condition (STC), but considering that the STC condition can only be simulated manually in the laboratory condition and the actual working environment of the solar cell module is outdoor, So it is necessary to carry out outdoor testing and further analysis of its characteristics. The measurement method of outdoor electrical performance parameters and nominal operating temperature of solar cell modules is presented. The electrical performance parameters of solar cell modules under various environmental conditions were obtained by the experimental method in this paper. According to the experimental results, various environmental factors including solar irradiance, solar spectrum, temperature were analyzed. The effect of wind speed and wind direction on component performance. Through the comparison between outdoor and indoor test results, the differences between the standard test conditions and the characteristics of components in outdoor field environment and their main sources are analyzed. In addition, the various kinds of faults that the photovoltaic module may appear in the field of power station are analyzed through experiments, and it is concluded that the series resistance is too large, the parallel resistance is too small, and the module is mismatched. The output current is reduced and the output voltage is reduced. By summing up the corresponding phenomena of various fault types on the voltage-current curve, the efficiency and accuracy of performance evaluation and fault analysis of photovoltaic system are greatly improved in practical applications. Finally, the paper introduces the work done in the acceptance of a photovoltaic power station, analyzes the data and the causes of the phenomena, and evaluates the uncertainty of the test results.
【学位授予单位】：中国计量科学研究院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TM914.4

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