装配式建筑建造过程质量问题及改进机制研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 00:46

本文选题：装配式建筑 + 质量　；参考：《山东建筑大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：伴随着我国经济进入新常态,探索建筑业新的发展方式成为各方关注的焦点,装配式建筑作为生产方式变革的途径之一,在降低材料消耗、提高社会效益和环境效益、提高劳动效率方面有潜在优势,迎来了新一轮发展热潮。由于装配式建筑将大部分构配件在工厂预制进而运输到施工现场安装定位,对传统的建设项目管理方式提出了挑战,精益建造、精益生产的理论和方法为装配式建筑的管理提供了一种可借鉴的思路,如何利用该理论指导装配式建筑建造过程,改变目前粗放的发展方式,提高装配式建筑企业核心竞争力值得研究。本文以装配式建筑质量问题为切入点,对国内外制造业和建筑业质量管理理论和实践进行了研究,同时基于“两化融合”的背景,梳理了智能化信息传递及协同管理的相关研究成果,将装配式建筑质量问题及改进机制作为核心问题做了深入研究。使用排列图法、4M1E法对装配式建筑建造过程质量问题表现和原因进行分析,从组织、文化、流程控制、技术保障和信息化协同管理四个方面提出了质量问题改进机制。首先,文章介绍了当前装配式建筑推广的政策与实践背景及其发展的阻碍因素,梳理了质量管理理论和工程质量管理研究现状,并引出本文研究内容、目的、意义及技术路线。其次,结合济南市装配式高层住宅项目,对其质量问题进行定量统计,分析了设计、生产及运输、现场施工三个环节主要质量问题及产生原因,确定了目前存在的组织、文化、流程控制、技术保障和信息化协同管理五个方面质量管理难点,即设计和施工过程的割裂使装配式建筑协调管理低效、从业人员质量安全知识及意识欠缺易导致质量隐患、过程控制精细化管理不到位、缺乏高效的质量保障工具及技术、信息化协同程度低。最后,从组织、文化、流程控制和信息化协同管理四个方面提出改进建议——完善装配式建筑管理体系、质量文化培育与人才培养、推行基于精益建造的过程控制、基于BIM的信息化协同管理。并提出基于物联网、BIM、激光扫描等技术的信息化管理平台,并分析了物联网等技术的适用性、该平台的设计目标、主要功能模块及技术架构。
[Abstract]:With China's economy entering the new normal, exploring the new development mode of the construction industry has become the focus of attention. As one of the ways of the transformation of production mode, prefabricated building is reducing the consumption of materials and improving social and environmental benefits. There are potential advantages in improving labor efficiency, ushered in a new round of development upsurge. Because prefabricated buildings prefabricate most of the structural parts in the factory and then transport them to the construction site to install and locate them, it poses a challenge to the traditional construction project management method, lean construction. The theory and method of lean production can be used for reference in the management of prefabricated buildings. How to use this theory to guide the construction process of prefabricated buildings and change the present extensive development mode, It is worth studying to improve the core competence of assembly construction enterprises. In this paper, the theory and practice of manufacturing industry and construction quality management at home and abroad are studied from the point of view of prefabricated building quality problem. At the same time, based on the background of "integration of the two types of construction", Combing the related research results of intelligent information transmission and collaborative management, this paper makes a deep research on the quality of prefabricated building and the improvement mechanism as the core problem. This paper analyzes the quality problems and causes in the construction process of prefabricated buildings by using the arrangement diagram method / 4M1E method, and puts forward the improvement mechanism of quality problems from four aspects: organization, culture, process control, technical guarantee and information cooperative management. First of all, the paper introduces the policy and practice background of the present prefabricated architecture promotion and the obstacles to its development, combs the theory of quality management and the research status of engineering quality management, and leads to the research content, purpose, significance and technical route of this paper. Secondly, combining with the prefabricated high-rise residential building project in Jinan, this paper makes quantitative statistics on its quality problems, analyzes the three main quality problems in design, production and transportation, and on-site construction, and determines the existing organization and culture. There are five difficulties in quality management such as process control, technical guarantee and information collaborative management, that is, the separation of design and construction process leads to inefficient coordinated management of prefabricated buildings, and the lack of knowledge and awareness of quality safety among employees can easily lead to hidden trouble of quality. Process control precision management is not in place, lack of efficient quality assurance tools and technology, low degree of information collaboration. Finally, from four aspects of organization, culture, process control and information cooperative management, the paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the prefabricated building management system, cultivate quality culture and personnel, and implement process control based on lean construction. Collaborative information management based on BIM. An information management platform based on the technology of Internet of things (BIM) and laser scanning is put forward. The applicability of the technology, the design goal, the main function modules and the technical framework of the platform are analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU712.3

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