聚集不经济与我国对外开放度的空间差异

发布时间：2018-05-26 21:13

本文选题：聚集不经济 + 聚集经济　；参考：《华中科技大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：2001年我国加入世界贸易组织(WTO)后,对外贸易获得快速发展。2014年的统计数据显示,全国货物进出口总额为43030.4亿美元,其中东部地区货物进出口总额为36559.5亿美元,占比高达85.0%,远高于中部地区的7.3%,西部地区的7.8%。对外贸易在我国区域间分布不均衡是导致我国地区间经济发展差距的重要原因之一。在东部地区外贸产业高度聚集导致聚集不经济,中西部地区希望通过产业的聚集来缩小与东部差距的背景下,外贸产业向中西部的转移成为日益关注的重点。在相关贸易理论与已有研究文献的基础上,本文对经济聚集影响对外贸易的机理进行了分析,通过对出口贸易开放度、进口贸易开放度进行实证分析,主要研究了聚集不经济对我国对外贸易空间分布的作用机制,以及这种机制的失灵和反向扭曲导致我国对外贸易开放度空间分布的差异,这种差异也导致我国对外贸易在地区间的分布不均衡。最后,根据相关的理论分析和实证检验结果,提出了促进我国对外贸易在地区间合理分布的政策建议。第一,加快农民工培训,提升农民工技能水平和工资谈判能力;第二,通过提高中西部地区经济和产业发展,以提高中西部地区对外贸企业的吸引力;第三:加快土地市场的市场化进程,削弱政府对土地市场的垄断,减少聚集不经济对对外贸易的反向扭曲。
[Abstract]:After China joined the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001, foreign trade developed rapidly. Statistics in 2014 show that the total value of goods import and export in China is 4.30304 trillion US dollars, of which the total import and export of goods in the eastern region is 3.65595 trillion US dollars. The proportion is as high as 85.0, much higher than the 7.3in the central region and 7.8 in the western region. The uneven distribution of foreign trade among regions is one of the important reasons leading to the gap of regional economic development in China. Under the background that the high concentration of foreign trade industry in the eastern region leads to uneconomic agglomeration and the central and western regions hope to narrow the gap with the eastern region through the industrial agglomeration, the transfer of foreign trade industry to the central and western regions has become the focus of increasing attention. On the basis of relevant trade theory and existing research literature, this paper analyzes the mechanism of economic agglomeration affecting foreign trade, and makes an empirical analysis on the openness of export trade and import trade. This paper mainly studies the mechanism of the effect of agglomeration uneconomy on the spatial distribution of China's foreign trade, and the difference of spatial distribution of China's foreign trade openness caused by the failure and reverse distortion of this mechanism. This difference also leads to the uneven distribution of China's foreign trade among regions. Finally, according to the relevant theoretical analysis and empirical test results, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions to promote the rational distribution of China's foreign trade among regions. First, accelerate the training of migrant workers, improve the skills of migrant workers and the ability of wage negotiation; second, improve the economic and industrial development of the central and western regions, in order to enhance the attraction of the central and western regions to foreign trade enterprises; Third, accelerate the marketization of land market, weaken the monopoly of land market and reduce the reverse distortion of foreign trade caused by agglomeration.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F125;F752

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