智力障碍儿童再生育家庭的家庭教育观研究

发布时间：2018-06-20 23:30

本文选题：智力障碍儿童 + 正常儿童　；参考：《四川师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：自从我国放开二胎生育政策后,生育二胎的家庭增多,再生育一时成为研究的热点话题,智力障碍儿童家庭再生育情况其实早已有之,但针对智力障碍儿童的再生育家庭的研究却较少,主要集中于再生育情况统计和随访、再生育风险临床研究等,对头胎为有智力障碍的儿童,二胎为正常儿童的特殊家庭关注更少。国内外对家庭教育观的研究成果也很多,目前我国家庭教育观的研究大多分别涉及正常儿童或特殊儿童家庭,以并存特殊儿童和正常儿童的家庭的研究甚少,与我国相比,国外更重视家庭教育,有专门的家庭政策管理机构和家长培训,在家庭教育中尊重孩子的意志和权利。为了能更好的服务这类特殊家庭,研究者从家庭教育观着手,主要采用问卷法和访谈法,利用自编“再生育家庭教育观调查问卷”对四川省10所特殊教育学校的再生育家庭中,头胎为有智力障碍的儿童,二胎为正常儿童的50个家庭进行了调查,并选择了其中5名家长进行了访谈,通过收集整理资料,了解这类家庭的再生育意愿和影响因素,家庭教育观的异同之处,从人才观、教子观、亲子观、儿童观四个方面展开,对教育过程中家长的教育理念、方法、内容、行为、困难和问题等进行研究。结果显示,四川省智力障碍儿童再生育家庭的家庭教育观受到再生育意愿及风险;家长的文化水平;家庭经济水平;社会看法;国家福利政策等因素的影响。其家庭教育观的研究结果简要概括为:1.家长对智力障碍儿童的期待较低,在学业方面的期待差别最大,教育经济和时间上的支出分配不均,有极端现象,常顾此失彼。2.家长缺乏孩子具有独立人格的认识,阻碍了孩子的自主权的发挥,认为智力障碍儿童与正常儿童并存的家庭情况就孩子的教育和发展的问题上有利有弊。3.家长在对待两个孩子的教育观存在明显差异,更多家长会把时间花在正常儿童身上,在孩子具体矛盾的处理和物资分配上倾向于公平分配,日常交流采用平等交流为主。4.家长们普遍意识到家庭教育中最重要的角色应该是“父母”双方,但在实际生活中,教育和看护孩子往往以作为母亲的责任为主。5.家庭教育中普遍存在缺乏专业知识和方法、没有足够的时间和耐心、家庭成员教育意见不统一的问题。教育信息获取渠道较多,但主要依赖于学校。因此,本研究建议:政府要加大智力障碍儿童再生育家庭的财政补贴;社会和家庭要全面关注并解读学习国家福利政策;家长学校要一起制定儿童长短期成长规划;教师要认真送教上门,开展家访;心理学相关专业人员要定期进行家长交流和心理辅导。从多方面支持并帮助智力障碍儿童再生育家庭,改善其家庭教育状况。
[Abstract]:Since the second birth policy has been released in China, the number of families having two births has increased, and the reproduction has become a hot topic in the study. The family rebirth of children with mental retardation has long been in fact. However, there are few studies on the regenerative family for children with mental retardation, mainly focusing on the statistics and follow-up of reproductive conditions and the risk of reproduction. The research on the first child with mental retardation and the special family of the second child for normal children is less concerned. There are many research achievements on the family education view at home and abroad. At present, most of the research on the family education concept in China involves normal children or special children's families, and there is little research on the family of special children and normal children. Compared with our country, foreign countries pay more attention to family education, have special family policy management institutions and parents training, and respect children's will and rights in family education. In order to serve this kind of special family better, the researchers begin with the family education concept, mainly using the questionnaire and interview method, using the "regenerative family education view". In the regenerative family of 10 special education schools in Sichuan Province, the first child with mental retardation and 50 families with two normal children were investigated, and 5 of them were interviewed. By collecting and sorting out the data, the family education outlook and the differences and similarities between them were understood. From four aspects of talent view, teaching concept, parent-child view and children's view, the educational concept, method, content, behavior, difficulties and problems of parents in the process of education are studied. The results show that the family education view of the regenerative family of children with mental retardation in Sichuan is subject to the rebirth intention and risk; the cultural level of the parents; the family economy. The results of the family education outlook are briefly summarized as follows: 1. the expectations of children with intellectual disabilities are lower, the difference in academic expectations is the greatest, the distribution of expenditure in the education economy and time is uneven, and there is an extreme phenomenon, and the parents who lose the.2. are independent of their independence. The understanding of personality hinders the children's autonomy. It is believed that the family situation of the coexistence of children with mental retardation and normal children has advantages and disadvantages on the education and development of children.3. parents have obvious differences in the education view of the two children. More parents will spend their time on normal children and the children are in specific contradictions. .4. parents generally realize that the most important role in family education should be "parents", but in real life, education and care for children tend to be the responsibility of the mother as the main part of.5. family education, and there is a general lack of professional knowledge in the family education. And methods, there is not enough time and patience, the education opinion of family members is not unified. The access to education information is more channels, but it is mainly dependent on the school. Therefore, this study suggests that the government should increase the financial subsidies for the children with intellectual disabilities; the society and the family should pay attention to and interpret the national welfare policy of learning; parents The school should make children grow together short and long term planning; teachers should carefully sent to the door, to carry out home visits; personnel psychology related to regular communication between parents and psychological counseling. From the aspects of support and help children improve their regeneration of family education, family education status.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G78;G764

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