先秦两汉楚庄王故事的文本研究

发布时间：2018-06-21 01:55

本文选题：楚庄王 + 故事研究　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：楚庄王名旅,于公元前六一三年至公元前五九一年任楚国国君,在位二十三年。庄王在位期间对外领导楚国打败周边“夷狄”,北上与晋国争霸并击败晋国,将楚国领土扩展到黄河以南。庄王对内任用孙叔敖,发展楚国经济,关心楚国人民生活的疾苦,使楚国成为春秋时期的强国,楚庄王自己也成为春秋时期的霸主,后人尊为五霸之一。后世留下有关楚庄王的记载很丰富,据笔者不完全统计,目前可见的先秦两汉文献中记载楚庄王的故事有三十一种五十九个,可以说是数量充足,而后人对楚庄王历史的考证与研究也无不出自这些历史故事。然而,楚庄王的故事往往存在同一故事不同本子(或曰版本)的情况,有时这些版本会在某些关键史实上出现记载的对立,使得历史考证变得尤为困难。本文从楚庄王的众多故事中挑选出四个有代表性的故事,分别是“庄王即位,三年不朝”、“庄王伐宋”、“庄王问鼎”、“庄王封孙叔敖之子”,这些故事的共同特点是都存在多个版本,通过对同一故事的不同版本进行对比,考察不同版本在叙事上的异同,并尝试对形成不同版本的原因进行分析。同时,从故事类型上来说,文本选取的四个故事恰好代表四种故事类型,分别是“故事人物差异型文本”、“故事情节差异型文本”、“故事对话差异型文本”以及“他人故事差异型文本”。通过对楚庄王这四个故事的分析,提炼出不同故事类型的叙事特点,进而深化对故事的理解,最终得出这样的一些结论。首先,故事经常发生衍化,这使得我们看到的故事类史料很可能已经发生过变化,不是故事的最原始版本。其次,从同一原型中会衍生出情节类似但故事人物变化的不同版本,如本文所讨论的“楚庄王即位,三年不朝”故事,可能衍生自更早时期的商高宗故事,这意味着楚庄王的这一故事可能是出自编者的想象而非源自史实。最后,故事的编者会受到政治、道德以及学术倾向性的影响,因而使其编著的故事带有倾向性,而这必然会为历史考证带来困难。
[Abstract]:The King of Chu was king of Chu from 613 BC to 591 BC and reigned for 23 years. During the reign of Zhuang Wang, he led the State of Chu to defeat the neighboring "Yi Di", went northward to fight for hegemony with the State of Jin and defeated the State of Jin, and extended the territory of the State of Chu to the south of the Yellow River. Zhuang Wang appointed Sun Shuao to develop the economy of Chu and care for the life of the people, so that Chu became a powerful nation in the Spring and Autumn period, and King Chu himself became the hegemon of the Spring and Autumn period, and the later generations respected one of the five tyrants. Later generations left rich records of the King of Chu. According to the author's incomplete statistics, there are 31 kinds and 59 kinds of stories recorded in the literature of the Pre-Qin and Han dynasties, which can be said to be sufficient in number. Later, the textual research and research on the history of Chuzhuang Wang came from these historical stories. However, the stories of the King of Chu often have different versions of the same story, and sometimes these versions appear in opposition on some key historical facts, making historical textual research particularly difficult. This article selects four representative stories from the numerous stories of the King of Chu, namely, "the king of Zhuang ascends the throne for three years," the Song Dynasty of the king of Zhuang "," the king of Zhuang wins the title "," the son of Sun Shuao "," the king of Zhuang Feng Sun Shuao ". The common feature of these stories is that there are many versions. By comparing different versions of the same story, the author examines the similarities and differences of different versions in narration, and tries to analyze the reasons for the formation of different versions. At the same time, from the perspective of story type, the four stories selected by the text represent exactly four kinds of story types, namely, "different text of story characters", "differential text of story plot", Different text of story dialogue and different text of story of others. Through the analysis of the four stories of Chuzhuang Wang, this paper abstracts the narrative characteristics of different story types, and then deepens the understanding of the story, and finally draws some conclusions. First, stories often evolve, making it possible that the storytelling we see has changed, not the original version of the story. Secondly, different versions of similar plot but changing characters will be derived from the same archetype, such as the story of "King Chu becomes king, three years no court", which may be derived from the story of Shang Gaozong in earlier times. This means that the story of Chuzhuang Wang may have been imagined by the editor rather than from historical facts. Finally, the editor of the story will be influenced by political, moral, and academic tendencies, thus making the story of the story biased, which will inevitably bring difficulties for historical textual research.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K22

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