重庆市大学生现阶段体育需求研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 03:47

本文选题：重庆市 + 大学生　；参考：《西南大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济、文化、体育等各方面的高速发展,生活水平的不断提高,人们对生活质量认识提升到了新的高度。健康成了永恒的话题,健康也成了新的时尚,人们的文化需求不断增强,要求娱乐身心、交流感情,促进个体社会化,体育将成为实现这一观念的桥梁和纽带。体育是高校教育中重要组成部分之一,体育与健康、体育与体质、体育与人才的关系越来越得到大家的认同,这些将深深地影响即将走向社会的大学生对体育的需求,高校体育教育是培养全面人才和推进素质教育的形势下,高校大学生的生活方式、体育需求、价值观念已经发生了新的变化,了解当代大学生体育需求,成为高校体育的首要任务。通过文献资料法、问卷调查法、专家访谈法和数理统计法对重庆市(西南大学、重庆大学、重庆工商大学、西南政法大学、重庆医科大学、重庆邮电大学、重庆理工大学、重庆师范大学、重庆科技学院、重庆交通大学)大学生现阶段的体育需求进行了现状调查研究,其具体的研究内容为:首先,编制重庆市大学生体育需求量表。对现阶段重庆市大学生体育需求现状进行调查,就必须有一份科学、有效的测量工具,才能更真实有效的获取到重庆市大学生体育需求现状,因此,编制科学有效的重庆市大学生体育需求量表是研究重庆市大学生体育需求现状的前提。本研究通过收集查阅大量的文献和专家访谈法对重庆市大学生体育需求进行维度划分,将其分为生理需求、心理需求、社交需求、情感需求和自我实现需求五个维度,并根据五个维度设计出各自对应的题项,再经过专家审核后,删除重复的、没有意义的题项,从而形成了重庆市大学生体育需求的初始量表。对初始量表进行初次的发放,对回收的问卷进行整理和统计分析,通过对回收的数据进行项目分析、探索性因素分析以及验证性因素分析,对问卷的科学性、有效性和可靠性进行检验,最终得出了较为科学的重庆市大学生体育需求量表。其次,通过对重庆市十所高校的大学生发放自编的重庆市大学生体育需求调查问卷,并对回收后的问卷基础部分进行统计分析,得出现阶段重庆市大学生体育需求各个学校、年级、专业、性别的人数及比例。再次,通过各对题项回收的数据进行统计和单因素方差分析,得出了现阶段重庆市大学生体育需求的特点:(1)各个学校在体育需求总体上没有差异;(2)各个年级在体育需求总体上呈先下降再上升的趋势;(3)各个专业在体育需求总体上没有差异,但个别专业两两之间存在差异;(4)性别在体育需求上存在显著的差异;(5)在五个需求维度上,生理需求最高,心理需求、社交需求、情感需求次之,自我实现需求最低。最后,对研究的结果提出建议,其建议为:(1)针对自编的重庆市大学生体育需求量表,应在实践中发展和完善;(2)注重提高大学生体育理论知识水平和培养体育意识,改革体育理论教学形式;(3)营造体育锻炼氛围,促进体育锻炼生活化,为学生终身体育锻炼奠定基础;(4)充分挖掘现有场地设施的潜力,增加配套的体育设施;(5)重视发挥体育教学评价的激励功能。通过研究重庆市大学生对体育类别需求的对比与突出的重点,全面的了解到大学生体育的需求,查找学校体育供给与学生体育需求的矛盾,更好的服务于大学生提供可行性的参考。其次,通过对重庆市现阶段对不同学校、不同年级、不同专业和和不同性别的大学生体育需求特点的分析,来了解大学生体育需求产品的消费或服务,对重庆市体育经济与科技的发展与体育社会化、产业化、市场化进程的发展提供理论依据。最后,通过对重庆市高校大学生育需求内容以及目标的分析,可以为高校了解大学生体育需求特点,确定重庆市体育教学主体的内在实际情况,为高校体育课程改革,提出可行性的措施与手段,并以此制定合理化的培养方案,提供理论依据。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economic, cultural, sports and other aspects of the living standards, people's understanding of the quality of life has been raised to a new height. Health has become a permanent topic, health has become a new fashion, people's cultural needs are constantly enhanced, the need for entertainment, the exchange of feelings, the promotion of individual socialization, sports will become a realization. This concept is a bridge and link. Sports is one of the important parts of college education. The relationship between sports and health, sports and physical fitness, sports and talents is getting more and more recognized. These will deeply affect the needs of the students who are going to the society, and the college sports education is to train all round talents and promote the quality of education. Under the situation of education, new changes have taken place in the life style, sports needs and values of college students. It is the primary task of college sports to understand the needs of contemporary college students' sports. Through the literature method, questionnaire survey, expert interview and mathematical statistics, the Southwestern University, Chongqing University, Industrial and Commercial University Of Chongqing, Southwest University of Political Science and Law, Medical University Of Chongqing, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing University of Technology and Chongqing Normal University. The present situation of sports needs of college students is investigated. The specific research contents are as follows: first, the physical demand scale of Chongqing university students is compiled. The present stage of the University of Chongqing is the University. It is necessary to have a scientific and effective measurement tool to get a more real and effective acquisition of the status quo of sports demand for college students in Chongqing. Therefore, the preparation of scientific and effective sports demand scale of Chongqing college students is the prerequisite for the study of the current situation of the physical education demand of College students in Chongqing. A large number of documents and expert interview methods are used to divide the sports needs of college students in Chongqing. They are divided into five dimensions, such as physiological needs, psychological needs, social needs, emotional needs and self realization needs, and the corresponding items are designed according to five dimensions. After the review of experts, the repetitive and meaningless items are deleted. The initial scale of Chongqing college students' sports demand was formed. The initial scale was issued, the recycled questionnaire was arranged and analyzed. Through the project analysis, the exploratory factor analysis and the confirmatory factor analysis, the scientific, effective and reliability of the questionnaire were tested. Finally, the questionnaire was tested. Finally, the questionnaire was tested, and finally the validity and reliability of the questionnaire were tested. The more scientific Chongqing college students' sports demand scale was obtained. Secondly, the questionnaire on the sports demand of college students in Chongqing was issued to ten university students in Chongqing, and the basis part of the recycling questionnaire was statistically analyzed. All the schools, grades, specialties and sex of the college students in Chongqing were required. Other numbers and proportions. Again, through the statistics and single factor analysis of variance of the data collected from each item, the characteristics of the sports demand for college students in Chongqing are obtained at the present stage: (1) there is no difference in the physical demand of each school in general; (2) the trend of the sports demand in the whole of each grade is first decreasing and then rising; (3) all the majors are in the field. There is no difference in sports demand on the whole, but there are differences between 22 individual majors; (4) there is a significant difference between sex in sports demand; (5) on the five demand dimensions, the physiological needs are the highest, psychological needs, social needs, emotional needs are second, and the self realization needs to be lowest. Finally, the results of the study are suggested, and the suggestions are (1). The self compiled Chongqing college students' sports demand scale should be developed and perfected in practice. (2) pay attention to improving the knowledge level of College Students' sports theory and training sports consciousness, reform the form of sports theory teaching; (3) build the atmosphere of physical exercise, promote the life of physical exercise, and lay the foundation for the students' lifelong physical exercise; (4) fully excavate the existing The potential of site facilities, increase the supporting sports facilities; (5) pay attention to the incentive function of sports teaching evaluation. Through the study of the contrast and prominent focus of Chongqing college students' demand for sports categories, we can fully understand the needs of College Students' sports, find the contradiction between School Physical Education and the students' sports demand, and better serve the large number of students. Secondly, through the analysis of the characteristics of the sports demand of different schools, different grades, different majors and different sexes at the present stage of Chongqing, to understand the consumption or service of the sports demand products of college students, the development of sports economy and science and technology in Chongqing and the socialization of sports, industrialization and marketization. The development of the process provides a theoretical basis. Finally, through the analysis of the content and target of the demand for the birth of college and University in Chongqing, we can understand the characteristics of the college students' sports demand, determine the internal actual situation of the main body of physical education in Chongqing, and put forward the feasible measures and means for the reform of the physical education course in the University, and make the reasonable and reasonable. It provides a theoretical basis for the training program.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G807.4

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