经济增长、金融发展对城乡居民财产性收入差距的影响研究
发布时间：2018-07-23 14:29
【摘要】：到2015年末,我国经济总量仅次于美国,2015年全国居民人均可支配收入达2.20万元,按照联合国的标准划分,我国已符合中等收入国家行列的标准。伴随经济的快速增长,我国金融业也取得了突破性的发展,并逐步与国际接轨。与此同时,我国城乡居民的可支配收入得到增加,特别是财产性收入涨幅巨大,但是城乡居民收入差距和财产性收入差距也不断扩大,城乡居民财产性收入差距的扩大也将成为缩小我国城乡收入差距的一道难以逾越的鸿沟。收入差距的扩大不利于经济的可持续发展并对社会稳定起着负面作用,因而引起了政府部门和社会各界的广泛关注。从2007年党首次提出“创造条件让更多群众拥有财产性收入”主张到2013年“构建新型农业经营体系,赋予农民更多财产权利”的提出,这期间一系列的政策导向均体现了党和政府对增加居民,特别是农村居民,财产性收入的重视。2014年,我国城乡居民人均可支配收入构成中的工资性收入为11420.60元,比上年名义增长了1.101倍;经营净收入3732.00元,比上年名义增长了1.088倍;财产性收入1587.8元,比上年名义增长了1.125倍;转移性收入3426.80元,比上年名义增加了近1.126倍。虽然城乡居民财产性收入在绝对值上未领先,但是增长迅速,其增速超过了工资性收入和经营性收入,在城乡居民收入中占据的位置越来越重要。然而随着我国城乡居民财产性收入在绝对值上取得突飞猛进的增长,城镇居民与农村居民的财产性收入之间的差距却丝毫没有缩小的趋势,甚至不断拉大。我国城镇居民家庭人均财产性收入从1993年45.8元到2014年涨到2812.1元,涨幅高达61.40倍;我国农村居民家庭人均财产性收入从1993年7.02元到2014年涨到222.1元,涨幅为31.64倍。从1993年到2014年,我国城镇与农村乡居民的家庭人均财产性收入虽然得到显著增加,但是城乡之间家庭人均财产性收入差距悬殊,城乡之间的家庭人均财产性收入差距由38.78元增加到2590元,增长了近66.79倍。在研究我国城乡居民可支配收入差距时可以发现,在可支配收入的四种来源收入中,城镇居民财产性收入与农村居民财产性收入差距最大,远远高于工资性收入的差距,并且从近多年来的统计数据来看,城乡居民财产性收入差距仍然在不断增加,此外研究还发现,我国城乡居民财产性收入具有典型的区域性特征,经济较为发达的东部沿海地区与中、西部地区相比,居民财产性收入水平更高,但是城乡居民财产性收入差距也更高,且对居民收入差距的贡献也是最大的。伴随着“创造条件让更多群众拥有财产性收入”的政策导向的提出,财产性收入在我国居民总收入中的地位无疑会更加重要,缩小财产性收入差距在缩小城乡居民收入差距的进程中的作用无疑会更加强。由于我国东中西部地区经济和金融的不平衡发展,再加上我国城乡居民财产性收入差距也具有明显的区域性,在这种形势和背景下,研究分析我国经济增长、金融发展与城乡居民财产性收入差距之间的关系就具有重要的理论和现实意义,这将会有助于我们从一个崭新的视角来探讨如何缩小我国城乡居民收入差距,实现社会的和谐发展和经济的稳定可持续增长。本文着重研究并分析我国城乡居民财产性收入差距的问题,考虑到财产性收入与经济增长、金融发展有着密不可分的关系,因此论文在研究财产性收入差距时,引入了经济增长、金融发展以及经济增长与金融发展的交叉项这三个变量。本论文首先整理了国内外学者多年来对经济增长、金融发展与城乡居民财产性收入差距关系深度研究的文献,其次分析了我国城乡居民财产性收入的现状以及城乡居民财产性收入差距分布的区域性,再进行经济增长、金融发展与财产性收入差距理论关系的分析以及各指标的测量分析,然后建立我国1997年-2014年城乡居民财产性收入差距与经济增长、金融发展的面板模型,进行实证检验和分析。由于城乡居民财产性收入差距具有区域性,本论文分别建立了全国、东部、中部和西部地区的面板协整模型和PVEC模型进行实证研究分析。首先,检验面板模型各变量是否都通过面板单位根检验,结果表明模型各变量经一阶差分后均平稳,面板模型中各变量为I)(1变量;其次,将各变量进行面板协整检验以及协整模型的估计分析,检验结果显示我国各地区城乡居民财产性收入差距与经济增长、金融发展之间均存在着协整关系,即存在着长期稳定的关系,并且我国各地区经济增长对城乡居民财产性收入差距具有抑制作用,金融发展对城乡居民财产性收入差距具有扩大作用,金融发展水平的提高会增强经济增长对城乡居民财产性收入差距的抑制作用,虽然各地区的作用方向是一致的,但是具体作用程度不尽相同;然后,建立面板误差修正模型(PVEC),模型估计结果显示我国各地区的城乡居民财产性收入差距与经济增长、金融发展水平的长期稳定对我国各地区财产性收入差距的短期变化具有抑制作用,但是不同地区的短期调节效应存在差别;再然后,将经济增长和金融发展对城乡居民财产性收入差距进行偏效应分析,纵向分析表明,随着我国经济增长和金融发展水平从低水平向高水平发展,我国城乡居民财产性收入差距呈现略有缩小的形态,横向分析表明,从我国东部到西部再到中部,经济增长、金融发展对城乡居民财产性收入差距的综合效应所产生的抑制作用呈现逐渐减弱的趋势;最后,不仅从整体上提出缩小我国城乡居民财产性收入差距的对策建议,而且也针对我国东部、中部、西部各自的发展情况,提出缩小我国东、中、西部地区之间居民财产性收入差距的对策建议。
[Abstract]:By the end of 2015, our country's economic total was second to the United States, and the per capita disposable income of the country was 22 thousand yuan in 2015. According to the United Nations standards, our country was in line with the standard of the middle income countries. With the rapid growth of the economy, our financial industry has also made a breakthrough development and gradually joined the international standards. At the same time, I The disposable income of urban and rural residents is increasing, especially the increase of property income, but the gap between urban and rural residents' income gap and property income gap is also expanding, and the widening of the income gap between urban and rural residents will also become a great gap to narrow the gap between urban and rural income in China. The sustainable development of the economy has played a negative role in social stability, which has caused widespread concern in the government departments and all walks of life. From 2007, the party proposed to "create conditions for more people to have property income" for the first time and put forward the proposal of "building a new agricultural management system and giving farmers more property rights" in 2013. A series of policy orientation all reflects the importance of the party and the government to increase the residents, especially the rural residents and property income in.2014 years. The wage income of the per capita disposable income of urban and rural residents in China is 11420.60 yuan, 1.101 times higher than the previous year, and the net income is 3732 yuan, 1.088 times higher than that of the previous year. The productive income was 1587.8 yuan, 1.125 times higher than the nominal value of the previous year, and the transfer income was 3426.80 yuan, nearly 1.126 times higher than the nominal value of the previous year. Although the property income of urban and rural residents did not lead in the absolute value, the growth rate was faster than the wage income and operating income, and the position in the income of urban and rural residents was becoming more and more heavy. However, with the rapid growth of the property income of urban and rural residents in our country, the gap between urban residents and the property income of rural residents has not diminishing, even widening. The per capita property income of urban households in China has risen from 45.8 yuan to 2812.1 yuan in 1993, and the increase is higher than that of 2812.1 yuan. The per capita property income of rural households in China has risen to 222.1 yuan from 7.02 yuan in 1993 to 222.1 yuan in 2014. From 1993 to 2014, the per capita property income of urban and rural residents in China has been significantly increased, but the income gap between urban and rural households is very wide, and the family between urban and rural households is very wide, and the family between urban and rural families is different. The property income gap between the tribunals increased from 38.78 yuan to 2590 yuan, and increased by nearly 66.79 times. In the study of the disposable income gap between urban and rural residents in China, it is found that the income gap between urban residents' property and rural residents is the largest in the four sources of disposable income, which is far higher than the wage gap. From the statistical data of recent years, the property income gap between urban and rural residents is still increasing. In addition, it is also found that the property income of urban and rural residents in China has typical regional characteristics. Compared with the middle and western regions, the eastern coastal areas with more developed economies are higher in property income than in the western region, but the urban and rural residents' wealth is higher than that in the western region. The income gap is also higher, and the contribution to the income gap is also the largest. With the policy orientation of "creating conditions for more people to have property income", the status of property income in the total income of Chinese residents will undoubtedly be more important, narrowing the income gap of property and reducing the income gap between urban and rural residents There is no doubt that the role of the process will be strengthened. Due to the unbalanced economic and financial development in the eastern and western regions of China and the regional property income gap between urban and rural residents in China, the economic growth and the gap between the financial development and the property income gap between the urban and rural residents are studied and analyzed in this situation and background. The system has important theoretical and practical significance. This will help us to discuss how to reduce the income gap between urban and rural residents in our country, realize the harmonious development of the society and the stable and sustainable growth of the economy. This paper focuses on the research and analysis of the property income gap between urban and rural residents in China, and takes into account the property nature. There is an inseparable relationship between income and economic growth and financial development. Therefore, in the study of the property income gap, the paper introduces the three variables: economic growth, financial development and the cross term of economic growth and financial development. This paper first collated the domestic and foreign scholars for economic growth, financial development and urban and rural residents' wealth for many years. Secondly, it analyzes the status of the property income of urban and rural residents and the regional distribution of property income gap between urban and rural residents, and then the economic growth, the analysis of the relationship between the financial development and the property income gap and the measurement and analysis of the indexes, and then establish the -20 of China in 1997. 14 years of urban and rural residents' property income gap and economic growth, financial development panel model, empirical test and analysis. Due to the regional property income gap between urban and rural residents, this paper respectively established the national, Eastern, central and western areas of the panel co integration model and the PVEC model for empirical analysis. First, the test surface Whether the variables of the board model are tested by the panel unit root, the results show that the variables of the model are all stable after the first order difference, and the variables in the panel model are I) (1 variables). Secondly, the panel cointegration test and the cointegration model are used to analyze each variable. The results show the property income gap between the urban and rural residents in all regions of our country. There is a co integration relationship between economic growth and financial development, that is, there is a long-term stable relationship, and the economic growth in all regions of China has a restraining effect on the income gap between urban and rural residents, and the financial development has an expansion effect on the income gap between urban and rural residents, and the improvement of gold and financial development will enhance the economic growth to urban and rural areas. The restraining effect of the residents' property income gap, although the direction of each region is consistent, is not the same. Then, the panel error correction model (PVEC) is set up. The model estimation results show that the income difference between urban and rural residents in China and the economic growth, and the long-term stability of the level of financial development to me The short-term changes in the property income gap in various regions have the inhibitory effect, but the short-term adjustment effects in different regions are different. Then, the partial effect of economic growth and financial development on the income gap between urban and rural residents is analyzed. The longitudinal analysis shows that with the economic growth and the level of financial development from a low level to higher level in China In the horizontal development, the property income gap between urban and rural residents in China is slightly reduced. The horizontal analysis shows that the economic growth and the economic growth and the comprehensive effect of financial development on the property income gap of urban and rural residents show a gradual weakening trend. The countermeasures and suggestions on the property income gap between urban and rural residents in our country are also proposed, and the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to reduce the property income gap between the East, middle and western regions of China in view of the development of the eastern, central and western regions of China.
【学位授予单位】：安徽财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F124.7;F124.1;F832
本文编号：2139701
[Abstract]:By the end of 2015, our country's economic total was second to the United States, and the per capita disposable income of the country was 22 thousand yuan in 2015. According to the United Nations standards, our country was in line with the standard of the middle income countries. With the rapid growth of the economy, our financial industry has also made a breakthrough development and gradually joined the international standards. At the same time, I The disposable income of urban and rural residents is increasing, especially the increase of property income, but the gap between urban and rural residents' income gap and property income gap is also expanding, and the widening of the income gap between urban and rural residents will also become a great gap to narrow the gap between urban and rural income in China. The sustainable development of the economy has played a negative role in social stability, which has caused widespread concern in the government departments and all walks of life. From 2007, the party proposed to "create conditions for more people to have property income" for the first time and put forward the proposal of "building a new agricultural management system and giving farmers more property rights" in 2013. A series of policy orientation all reflects the importance of the party and the government to increase the residents, especially the rural residents and property income in.2014 years. The wage income of the per capita disposable income of urban and rural residents in China is 11420.60 yuan, 1.101 times higher than the previous year, and the net income is 3732 yuan, 1.088 times higher than that of the previous year. The productive income was 1587.8 yuan, 1.125 times higher than the nominal value of the previous year, and the transfer income was 3426.80 yuan, nearly 1.126 times higher than the nominal value of the previous year. Although the property income of urban and rural residents did not lead in the absolute value, the growth rate was faster than the wage income and operating income, and the position in the income of urban and rural residents was becoming more and more heavy. However, with the rapid growth of the property income of urban and rural residents in our country, the gap between urban residents and the property income of rural residents has not diminishing, even widening. The per capita property income of urban households in China has risen from 45.8 yuan to 2812.1 yuan in 1993, and the increase is higher than that of 2812.1 yuan. The per capita property income of rural households in China has risen to 222.1 yuan from 7.02 yuan in 1993 to 222.1 yuan in 2014. From 1993 to 2014, the per capita property income of urban and rural residents in China has been significantly increased, but the income gap between urban and rural households is very wide, and the family between urban and rural households is very wide, and the family between urban and rural families is different. The property income gap between the tribunals increased from 38.78 yuan to 2590 yuan, and increased by nearly 66.79 times. In the study of the disposable income gap between urban and rural residents in China, it is found that the income gap between urban residents' property and rural residents is the largest in the four sources of disposable income, which is far higher than the wage gap. From the statistical data of recent years, the property income gap between urban and rural residents is still increasing. In addition, it is also found that the property income of urban and rural residents in China has typical regional characteristics. Compared with the middle and western regions, the eastern coastal areas with more developed economies are higher in property income than in the western region, but the urban and rural residents' wealth is higher than that in the western region. The income gap is also higher, and the contribution to the income gap is also the largest. With the policy orientation of "creating conditions for more people to have property income", the status of property income in the total income of Chinese residents will undoubtedly be more important, narrowing the income gap of property and reducing the income gap between urban and rural residents There is no doubt that the role of the process will be strengthened. Due to the unbalanced economic and financial development in the eastern and western regions of China and the regional property income gap between urban and rural residents in China, the economic growth and the gap between the financial development and the property income gap between the urban and rural residents are studied and analyzed in this situation and background. The system has important theoretical and practical significance. This will help us to discuss how to reduce the income gap between urban and rural residents in our country, realize the harmonious development of the society and the stable and sustainable growth of the economy. This paper focuses on the research and analysis of the property income gap between urban and rural residents in China, and takes into account the property nature. There is an inseparable relationship between income and economic growth and financial development. Therefore, in the study of the property income gap, the paper introduces the three variables: economic growth, financial development and the cross term of economic growth and financial development. This paper first collated the domestic and foreign scholars for economic growth, financial development and urban and rural residents' wealth for many years. Secondly, it analyzes the status of the property income of urban and rural residents and the regional distribution of property income gap between urban and rural residents, and then the economic growth, the analysis of the relationship between the financial development and the property income gap and the measurement and analysis of the indexes, and then establish the -20 of China in 1997. 14 years of urban and rural residents' property income gap and economic growth, financial development panel model, empirical test and analysis. Due to the regional property income gap between urban and rural residents, this paper respectively established the national, Eastern, central and western areas of the panel co integration model and the PVEC model for empirical analysis. First, the test surface Whether the variables of the board model are tested by the panel unit root, the results show that the variables of the model are all stable after the first order difference, and the variables in the panel model are I) (1 variables). Secondly, the panel cointegration test and the cointegration model are used to analyze each variable. The results show the property income gap between the urban and rural residents in all regions of our country. There is a co integration relationship between economic growth and financial development, that is, there is a long-term stable relationship, and the economic growth in all regions of China has a restraining effect on the income gap between urban and rural residents, and the financial development has an expansion effect on the income gap between urban and rural residents, and the improvement of gold and financial development will enhance the economic growth to urban and rural areas. The restraining effect of the residents' property income gap, although the direction of each region is consistent, is not the same. Then, the panel error correction model (PVEC) is set up. The model estimation results show that the income difference between urban and rural residents in China and the economic growth, and the long-term stability of the level of financial development to me The short-term changes in the property income gap in various regions have the inhibitory effect, but the short-term adjustment effects in different regions are different. Then, the partial effect of economic growth and financial development on the income gap between urban and rural residents is analyzed. The longitudinal analysis shows that with the economic growth and the level of financial development from a low level to higher level in China In the horizontal development, the property income gap between urban and rural residents in China is slightly reduced. The horizontal analysis shows that the economic growth and the economic growth and the comprehensive effect of financial development on the property income gap of urban and rural residents show a gradual weakening trend. The countermeasures and suggestions on the property income gap between urban and rural residents in our country are also proposed, and the countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to reduce the property income gap between the East, middle and western regions of China in view of the development of the eastern, central and western regions of China.
【学位授予单位】：安徽财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F124.7;F124.1;F832
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