番茄细菌性斑点病抗性鉴定方法研究及抗源的初步筛选
发布时间：2018-07-24 10:24
【摘要】：近年来,我国秋冬番茄主产区右江河谷地区的番茄细菌性斑点病发病普遍,且日趋严重,给种植户造成较大的经济损失。此病在我国分布范围广,发病严重,俨然已成为番茄的重要病害之一。番茄种植过程中选用抗病品种是降低病害发生的有效手段,国内外对此病的抗性育种研究较少,市场上缺少能进行推广种植的抗细菌性斑点病的番茄品种。对番茄采用人工接种进行抗性鉴定是番茄抗病育种的基础工作。番茄对细菌性斑点病的抗性表现受到番茄品种、病原菌以及环境条件的影响,本试验通过对苗期植株、种子进行接种条件的研究,根据各接种方法的特点,对主要影响条件进行优化,并利用优化后的苗期人工接种方法和种子接种方法对74份番茄种质进行抗性鉴定,实现抗源的初步筛选,为番茄细菌性斑点病的抗性育种奠定基础,结果如下:(1)从田阳县那坡镇发病的番茄植株上分离获得的菌株,经科赫氏法则验证为致病菌,经培养特性、菌体形态观察、16s rDNA序列分析等鉴定方法,认定该病原菌为丁香假单胞杆菌番茄致病变种(Pseudomonas syringae pv.tomato)。(2)对前人采用的4种病情指数分级标准进行对比研究,结果表明:不同分级标准下的病情指数之间呈线性或幂函数关系,试验建立了不同标准之间的回归方程,经过检验,说明函数模型可靠,可实现不同标准下的数据相互转化。(3)对人工苗期接种条件进行优化:最佳的接种方法为茎干接种法和针刺叶片接种法,接种苗期为3～5叶期,接种浓度采用1×108cfu/ml,保湿时间在60h以上、温度在19.5～26.7°C,接种后14±2天进行病情指数统计。(4)对病原菌接种于种子的可行性进行了验证,并对种子接种条件进行优化,建立了浸种法最适宜接种浓度为1X 109cfu/ml,接种后病情调查时间在接种后25～30天,接种后环境温度维持在23℃～26.7℃。(5)利用优化的条件,对74份番茄种质进行苗期和种子的抗性鉴定,鉴定结果表明:在两种接种方法下,26份番茄种质资源的鉴定结果一致,占鉴定材料的35.14%。苗期茎干接种法中无免疫品种,抗病品种9份,占12.32%,耐病品种22份,占30.13%,感病品种40份,53.42%,高感品种14份,占18.91%;种子浸种接种法中抗病品种13份,17.8%,耐病品种37份,占50.07%,感病品种10份,占13.70%,高感品种14份,占18.91%。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the bacterial spot disease of tomato in Youjiang Valley, the main producing area of autumn and winter tomato in China, is common and serious day by day, which results in a great economic loss to the growers. This disease has become one of the most important diseases of tomato. The selection of resistant varieties in tomato planting is an effective means to reduce the occurrence of disease. There is little research on resistance breeding of tomato in China and abroad, and there is a lack of tomato varieties resistant to bacterial spot disease that can be popularized and planted in the market. The identification of tomato resistance by artificial inoculation is the basic work of tomato resistance breeding. The resistance of tomato to bacterial spot disease is affected by tomato varieties, pathogens and environmental conditions. In this experiment, the inoculation conditions of plants and seeds at seedling stage were studied, according to the characteristics of each inoculation method. The main influencing conditions were optimized, and 74 tomato germplasms were identified by the methods of artificial inoculation and seed inoculation at seedling stage, so as to select the resistant source and lay the foundation for resistance breeding of tomato bacterial spot disease. The results were as follows: (1) the strains isolated from tomato plants in Napo Town, Tianyang County, were identified as pathogenic bacteria by Koch's rule, and identified by culture characteristics and 16s rDNA sequence analysis of cell morphology. The results showed that the disease index was linear or power function relationship between the four disease index classification criteria adopted by the former, the results showed that the disease index was linear or power function relationship under different classification standards. The regression equations between different criteria are established by the test. The test results show that the function model is reliable. The data can be transformed under different standards. (3) the inoculation conditions of artificial seedling were optimized. The best inoculation methods were stem inoculation and acupuncture leaf inoculation. The inoculation concentration was 1 脳 108 cfu / ml, the moisturizing time was more than 60 h, the temperature was 19.5U 26.7 掳C, and the disease index was calculated in 14 卤2 days after inoculation. (4) the feasibility of inoculating pathogenic bacteria in seeds was verified, and the seed inoculation conditions were optimized. The optimum inoculation concentration of seed soaking method was 1X 109cfu / ml. The investigation time of disease was 2530 days after inoculation, and the environmental temperature after inoculation was maintained at 23 鈩，
本文编号：2141076
[Abstract]:In recent years, the bacterial spot disease of tomato in Youjiang Valley, the main producing area of autumn and winter tomato in China, is common and serious day by day, which results in a great economic loss to the growers. This disease has become one of the most important diseases of tomato. The selection of resistant varieties in tomato planting is an effective means to reduce the occurrence of disease. There is little research on resistance breeding of tomato in China and abroad, and there is a lack of tomato varieties resistant to bacterial spot disease that can be popularized and planted in the market. The identification of tomato resistance by artificial inoculation is the basic work of tomato resistance breeding. The resistance of tomato to bacterial spot disease is affected by tomato varieties, pathogens and environmental conditions. In this experiment, the inoculation conditions of plants and seeds at seedling stage were studied, according to the characteristics of each inoculation method. The main influencing conditions were optimized, and 74 tomato germplasms were identified by the methods of artificial inoculation and seed inoculation at seedling stage, so as to select the resistant source and lay the foundation for resistance breeding of tomato bacterial spot disease. The results were as follows: (1) the strains isolated from tomato plants in Napo Town, Tianyang County, were identified as pathogenic bacteria by Koch's rule, and identified by culture characteristics and 16s rDNA sequence analysis of cell morphology. The results showed that the disease index was linear or power function relationship between the four disease index classification criteria adopted by the former, the results showed that the disease index was linear or power function relationship under different classification standards. The regression equations between different criteria are established by the test. The test results show that the function model is reliable. The data can be transformed under different standards. (3) the inoculation conditions of artificial seedling were optimized. The best inoculation methods were stem inoculation and acupuncture leaf inoculation. The inoculation concentration was 1 脳 108 cfu / ml, the moisturizing time was more than 60 h, the temperature was 19.5U 26.7 掳C, and the disease index was calculated in 14 卤2 days after inoculation. (4) the feasibility of inoculating pathogenic bacteria in seeds was verified, and the seed inoculation conditions were optimized. The optimum inoculation concentration of seed soaking method was 1X 109cfu / ml. The investigation time of disease was 2530 days after inoculation, and the environmental temperature after inoculation was maintained at 23 鈩，
本文编号：2141076
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