抗战时期日军对河南轰炸研究

发布时间：2018-09-05 05:57

【摘要】：1937年7月7日,全面抗战爆发后,河南作为华北抗战的后方,南北战场的枢纽,战略位置进一步提升。日军为协助其地面军事作战,破坏政府机关及摧毁资源城市,从1937年9月至1945年5月,凭借其绝对的空中优势,对河南全省实施了大规模的无差别轰炸。随着日军侵华战略的不断调整,日军对河南的轰炸在不同年份有着不同特点。据此可将其分为四个阶段:大规模轰炸阶段(1937.09—1939.12)、辅助性轰炸阶段(1940.01—1941.12)、袭扰性轰炸阶段(1942.01—1943.12)、轰炸的尾声(1944.01—1945.05)。从时间上来看,日军的轰炸呈现出以个别年份为重点,前重后轻的态势。从地域上来看,日军对河南的轰炸所涉范围极广,几乎遍布河南全省。由于日机轰炸的无差别性和非人道性,在河南省,日军共制造了27起屠戮河南民众生命的惨案。惨案的发生时间主要集中在1938年,达到18起,这段时间也是日军在河南大肆侵袭扩张的时期。日机的狂轰滥炸,给河南造成了巨大的影响。首先,日机轰炸最直接的结果是造成了严重的人员伤亡和财产损失。其次,日机轰炸给河南城镇发展也带来了了不可忽视的影响,城镇建筑物遭到毁灭性的破坏,城镇经济发展受到阻碍。再者,对普通民众的生活也造成诸多困扰,“跑警报”、“躲空袭”成为日常生活的一部分。甚至,日机的轰炸对于民众的饮食都造成了影响。日机轰炸给民众生活带来严重干扰的同时,对于民众心理也产生重要影响:一方面,面对日机的轰炸,民众心理上承受着巨大的恐慌和不安;另一方面,英勇的河南民众在日机的轰炸中愈炸愈强,以更加坚强的决心抗击日军的侵略。本文主要采用计量统计法、比较分析法、文献研究法等,在充分利用现有史料的基础上,力求全面展现抗日战争时期日军轰炸河南的真实情况,进一步完善关于日军无差别轰炸的研究。同时,深刻揭示侵华日军在河南所犯下的惨无人道、违反人性的侵略暴行,从而更好地以史为鉴,珍爱和平。
[Abstract]:On July 7, 1937, after the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan, Henan, as the rear of the War of Resistance in North China and the hub of the battlefield in the north and south, further promoted its strategic position. From September 1937 to May 1945, in order to assist its ground military operations, destroy government organs and destroy resource cities, the Japanese army carried out large-scale indiscriminate bombing on Henan province from September 1937 to May 1945. With the constant adjustment of Japanese invasion strategy, Japanese bombing of Henan has different characteristics in different years. It can be divided into four stages: the stage of large-scale bombing (1937.09-1939.12), the stage of auxiliary bombing (1940.01-1941.12), the stage of intrusive bombing (1942.01-1943.12) and the end of bombing (1944.01-1945.05). From the point of view of time, the Japanese bombing showed a focus on individual years, before heavy and light after the situation. Geographically, the Japanese bombing of Henan was widespread, almost all over Henan Province. As a result of the indiscriminate and inhuman nature of the Japanese bombing, in Henan Province, the Japanese army caused 27 massacres of Henan people's lives. The tragedy occurred mainly in 1938, reaching 18, which was also a period of Japanese invasion and expansion in Henan. The indiscriminate bombing of Japanese planes has had a great impact on Henan. First, the direct result of the Japanese bombing was heavy casualties and property damage. Secondly, the Japanese bombing has also brought the unnegligible influence to the development of cities and towns in Henan Province. The buildings in cities and towns have been destroyed and the economic development of cities and towns has been hindered. Moreover, the lives of ordinary people are also troubled, "running sirens" and "hiding from air strikes" become a part of daily life. Even the Japanese bombing had an impact on the diet of the population. At the same time, it also has an important impact on the people's psychology: on the one hand, the people are suffering from great panic and uneasiness in the face of the Japanese bombing; on the other hand, they are suffering from great panic and uneasiness in the face of the Japanese bombing; on the other hand, Heroic Henan people in the Japanese bombing the stronger, with a stronger determination to resist the Japanese invasion. This article mainly adopts the metrological statistics method, the comparative analysis method, the literature research method and so on. On the basis of making full use of the existing historical data, this paper tries to fully show the real situation of the Japanese army bombing Henan during the War of Resistance against Japan. Further improve the research on the Japanese army bombing without distinction. At the same time, it deeply reveals the inhuman and unhuman aggression committed by the Japanese invaders against China in Henan, so as to better learn from history and cherish peace.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K265

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