重庆市农村居民对村卫生室的利用及评价研究
发布时间：2018-09-18 10:43
【摘要】：目的:了解重庆市农村居民对村卫生室的利用及评价情况,揭示居民对村卫生室满意和不满意的因素;提出改进措施,为提高村卫生室的服务能力与服务质量提供参考性的建议。方法:1.文献研究通过查阅中国知网、万方等数据平台,阅读整理相关的文献、书籍、法律法规等资料,学习了解与村卫生室有关的概念、建设情况、发展趋势以及其他省市农村居民对村卫生室的满意度情况。2.定量资料分析根据重庆市经济社会发展情况采取分层抽样的方法,于2015年3~5月,基于重庆市最新都市功能核心区域的划分,分别选取“都市功能核心区”“都市功能拓展区”“城市发展新区”“渝东北生态涵养发展区”“渝东南生态保护发展区”的九龙坡区、渝北区、璧山区、垫江县、武隆县五个区县,每个区县按经济条件分层选取3个乡镇,每个乡镇方便选取100名农村居民采用自行设计问卷调查,内容主要包括村民的基本情况、对村卫生室的利用情况、对村卫生室的评价情况三个方面。由经过统一培训的调查人员现场发放问卷、亲自或指导填写并当场回收,共发放问卷900份,回收858份,回收率95.3%。3.定性访谈定性访谈采取一对一的形式,外加一名记录人员,采用自行设计的访谈提纲,访谈提纲主要涉及对村卫生室的选择利用、村卫生室的改善情况、村医技术水平及建议等五个方面,在五个区县分别选取一位村民进行深度访谈,然后对访谈收集到的信息加以整理归纳形成观点。4.统计分析所有收集的数据整理之后采用excel进行录入,运用spss19.0进行统计描述、卡方检验,再运用excel制作相关的图表,再结合经济学、人口学、管理学等知识进行综合分析与评价。5.质量控制本次调查对所有调查人员进行了统一培训,统一了对问题的把握度和评价标准,正式调查前对武隆县进行了预调查,对调查结果及在调查过程中发现的问题进行整理分析,特别是对问卷部分题目逻辑性不合理的地方进行了调整。结果:从调查结果看出,村民对村卫生室的利用情况较好,98.14%村民表示本村有村卫生室,89.51%的村民表示离家最近的医疗机构为村卫生室,75.29%的村民表示会选择村卫生室作为第一就诊地点,但93.73%的村民表示病情严重时不会继续选择在村卫生室就医;对村卫生室的评价方面,35.2%的村民对村卫生室总体评价为较好,其中评价为“较好”人数最多是璧山区,有92人,占58.97%,最少的是垫江县,有42人,占18.75%;五个区县不同评价情况差异具有统计学意义,(χ2=127.764,p=0.000)。对村卫生室最满意的地方63.4%的村民认为是离家的距离,23.08%村民表示最不满意的地方为治疗效果。讨论与建议:重庆市农村居民对村卫生室的利用情况较好,村民对村卫生室的整体评价较好,但在技术水平和健康知识的宣传方面评价相对较差,应加大对村卫生室的投入,积极组织村医到上级医疗机构或高等医学院校进行相应的学习与培训,提高村卫生室医务人员的技术水平,加强对慢性疾病、妇幼保健方面健康知识的宣传。
[Abstract]:OBJECTIVE: To understand the utilization and evaluation of village clinics by rural residents in Chongqing, reveal the factors of their satisfaction and dissatisfaction with village clinics, and put forward improvement measures to improve the service ability and quality of village clinics. Collect relevant literature, books, laws and regulations, learn about the concept of village clinics, construction, development trends and other provinces and cities of rural residents satisfaction with village clinics. 2. Quantitative data analysis based on the economic and social development of Chongqing to adopt stratified sampling method in March-May 2015, based on Chongqing. The latest division of the city's urban function core areas, respectively, selected "urban function core area", "urban function expansion area", "urban development new area", "northeast Chongqing ecological conservation and development area", "southeast Chongqing ecological protection and development area" of Jiulongpo District, Yubei District, Bishan District, Dianjiang County, Wulong County five districts and counties, each district and county according to the economic strip. Three townships were selected at different levels, and 100 rural residents were conveniently selected from each townships to adopt self-designed questionnaires, which mainly included the basic situation of villagers, the utilization of village clinics and the evaluation of village clinics. A total of 900 questionnaires were sent out and 858 questionnaires were returned, with a recovery rate of 95.3%. 3. Qualitative interviews were conducted in a one-to-one manner, with a recorder and a self-designed interview outline. The interview outline mainly involved the selection and utilization of village clinics, the improvement of village clinics, and the technical level and suggestions of village doctors. Each County selected a villager to conduct in-depth interviews, and then summarized the information collected from the interviews to form a point of view. 4. Statistical analysis of all the collected data was processed by Excel input, using SPSS 19.0 for statistical description, chi-square test, and then use Excel to make relevant charts, and then combined with economics, demography, etc. 5. Quality control This survey trained all the investigators in a unified way, unified the grasp of the problem and evaluation criteria, conducted a preliminary survey of Wulong County before the formal investigation, collated and analyzed the results of the survey and the problems found during the investigation, especially the questionnaire department. Results: According to the survey results, 98.14% of the villagers said that there were village clinics, 89.51% of the villagers said that the nearest medical institution was the village clinic, 75.29% of the villagers said that they would choose the village clinic as the first place to see a doctor. 3.73% of the villagers said that they would not continue to seek medical treatment in the village clinic when the disease was serious; 35.2% of the villagers evaluated the village clinic as a whole, of which 92 (58.97%) were in Bishan District, and 42 (18.75%) were in Dianjiang County, the five districts and counties with different evaluation conditions. The difference was statistically significant (_2 = 127.764, P = 0.000). 63.4% of the villagers thought that the most satisfactory place was the distance from home, 23.08% of the villagers said that the most unsatisfactory place was the treatment effect. The evaluation of technical level and health knowledge is relatively poor. We should increase investment in village clinics, actively organize village doctors to go to higher medical institutions or colleges for corresponding study and training, improve the technical level of village clinic medical staff, and strengthen the publicity of health knowledge on chronic diseases and maternal and child health care.
【学位授予单位】：重庆医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R197.62
[Abstract]:OBJECTIVE: To understand the utilization and evaluation of village clinics by rural residents in Chongqing, reveal the factors of their satisfaction and dissatisfaction with village clinics, and put forward improvement measures to improve the service ability and quality of village clinics. Collect relevant literature, books, laws and regulations, learn about the concept of village clinics, construction, development trends and other provinces and cities of rural residents satisfaction with village clinics. 2. Quantitative data analysis based on the economic and social development of Chongqing to adopt stratified sampling method in March-May 2015, based on Chongqing. The latest division of the city's urban function core areas, respectively, selected "urban function core area", "urban function expansion area", "urban development new area", "northeast Chongqing ecological conservation and development area", "southeast Chongqing ecological protection and development area" of Jiulongpo District, Yubei District, Bishan District, Dianjiang County, Wulong County five districts and counties, each district and county according to the economic strip. Three townships were selected at different levels, and 100 rural residents were conveniently selected from each townships to adopt self-designed questionnaires, which mainly included the basic situation of villagers, the utilization of village clinics and the evaluation of village clinics. A total of 900 questionnaires were sent out and 858 questionnaires were returned, with a recovery rate of 95.3%. 3. Qualitative interviews were conducted in a one-to-one manner, with a recorder and a self-designed interview outline. The interview outline mainly involved the selection and utilization of village clinics, the improvement of village clinics, and the technical level and suggestions of village doctors. Each County selected a villager to conduct in-depth interviews, and then summarized the information collected from the interviews to form a point of view. 4. Statistical analysis of all the collected data was processed by Excel input, using SPSS 19.0 for statistical description, chi-square test, and then use Excel to make relevant charts, and then combined with economics, demography, etc. 5. Quality control This survey trained all the investigators in a unified way, unified the grasp of the problem and evaluation criteria, conducted a preliminary survey of Wulong County before the formal investigation, collated and analyzed the results of the survey and the problems found during the investigation, especially the questionnaire department. Results: According to the survey results, 98.14% of the villagers said that there were village clinics, 89.51% of the villagers said that the nearest medical institution was the village clinic, 75.29% of the villagers said that they would choose the village clinic as the first place to see a doctor. 3.73% of the villagers said that they would not continue to seek medical treatment in the village clinic when the disease was serious; 35.2% of the villagers evaluated the village clinic as a whole, of which 92 (58.97%) were in Bishan District, and 42 (18.75%) were in Dianjiang County, the five districts and counties with different evaluation conditions. The difference was statistically significant (_2 = 127.764, P = 0.000). 63.4% of the villagers thought that the most satisfactory place was the distance from home, 23.08% of the villagers said that the most unsatisfactory place was the treatment effect. The evaluation of technical level and health knowledge is relatively poor. We should increase investment in village clinics, actively organize village doctors to go to higher medical institutions or colleges for corresponding study and training, improve the technical level of village clinic medical staff, and strengthen the publicity of health knowledge on chronic diseases and maternal and child health care.
【学位授予单位】：重庆医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：R197.62
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 龙华;何中臣;唐贵忠;;我国东、中、西部地区农村卫生室现状比较分析[J];重庆医学;2016年04期
2 张溪婷;王晓燕;彭迎春;赵博;陈秉U，
本文编号：2247654
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/jingjilunwen/jiliangjingjilunwen/2247654.html
