辽阳市地表水功能区水环境状况及纳污能力分析

发布时间：2018-11-09 15:47

【摘要】：水环境属于水利学科与环境学科的交叉范畴,主要研究水体客观的环境状况及其所能够承载的人类生产生活活动带来的影响程度,并能够对人类在涉水方面有序高效的进行生产生活活动提供规范和指导。1、将辽阳市24个地表水功能区按空间布局的承继性、水质标准的异同划分为8个区域,选取季节性kendall检验法分析2010-2014年8个区域的水质变化趋势。研究表明:NH3-N污染情况较为严重,其余控制因子污染状况较轻;辽阳市境内仅汤河、兰河水质状况呈恶化趋势,其余河流水质均有所改善。2、按"污染物纵向上分布"的思想,分别采用一维纳污能力模型、纳污能力预设法核算辽阳市24个地表水功能区的纳污能力,并采用数理统计等方法确定相关参数。研究表明:除TN外,其余4种污染物纳污能力大体逐年下降,其中COD年均纳污能力高达25516.56t,NH3-N与挥发酚均相对较小(分别为269.43t、114.16t);辽阳县年均纳污能力高达21709.46t,弓长岭区最小至1306.46t;太子河干流年均纳污能力高达12617.71t,兰河最小至313.02t;农业用水区年均纳污能力高达17324.49t,工业用水区最小至1591.12t。3、采用空间分解的方法分解辽阳市限制排污总量,并给出总量控制方案。研究表明:辽阳市TP、COD、挥发酚的限排总量呈逐年递减的趋势,而NH3-N、TN未呈现一致性变化,且仅挥发酚不需消减、NH3-N消减任务高达1023.11t;辽阳县年均污染物限排总量高达20978.83t,辽阳市区、灯塔市较为接近,弓长岭区最小至312.70t;汤河、柳壕河河段三者削减幅度较大,均高于全市平均削减水平。综上所述,本文主要分析、计算了辽阳市2010-2014年地表水水环境状况、水质变化趋势、纳污能力、限排总量,可为辽阳市今后经济社会发展及相关规划提供参照和依据。
[Abstract]:Water environment belongs to the cross category of water conservancy and environmental science. It mainly studies the objective environmental condition of water body and the degree of influence brought about by human production and living activities. And it can provide norms and guidance for human beings to carry out production and life activities in an orderly and efficient way. 1. 24 surface water functional areas in Liaoyang City are divided into 8 regions according to the inheritance of spatial layout and the similarities and differences of water quality standards. The seasonal kendall test was used to analyze the trend of water quality change in 8 regions from 2010 to 2014. The results show that the pollution of NH3-N is more serious, and the pollution of other control factors is lighter. The water quality of only Tanghe and Lanhe in Liaoyang City shows a trend of deterioration, and the water quality of other rivers has been improved. 2. According to the idea of "vertical distribution of pollutants", a one-dimensional model of pollutant absorption capacity is adopted. The pollution absorption capacity of 24 surface water functional areas in Liaoyang City was calculated by default method and the relevant parameters were determined by mathematical statistics and other methods. The results showed that, except for TN, the pollutant absorption capacity of the other four pollutants decreased year by year, and the average annual pollutant absorption capacity of COD was 25516.56 t ~ + NH _ 3-N and volatile phenol were relatively small (269.43 t ~ (-1) ~ 114.16 t). In Liaoyang County, the average annual capacity is 21709.46 t, the minimum in Gongchang Ridge is 1306.46 t, the average annual capacity of Taizi River is 12617.71 t, the minimum of Lanhe is 313.02 t; The annual capacity of agricultural water use area is 17324.49 t, and the minimum of industrial water area is 1591.12t.3.The method of spatial decomposition is used to decompose the total amount of sewage in Liaoyang City, and the total amount control scheme is given. The results showed that the total emission limit of TP,COD, volatilized phenol decreased year by year in Liaoyang city, but NH3-N,TN did not show consistent change, and only volatile phenol did not need to be reduced. The task of NH3-N abatement was 1023.11 t. In Liaoyang County, the annual pollutant emission limit is as high as 20978.83 t, in Liaoyang urban area, the city of Dengta is close, and the minimum is 312.70 t in Gongchang Ridge region, and the reduction of Tanghe and Liugou River reaches to a large extent, which is higher than the average reduction level of the whole city. To sum up, this paper mainly analyzes and calculates the environmental situation of surface water, the trend of water quality change, the ability to absorb pollution, and the total amount of limited discharge in Liaoyang City from 2010 to 2014, which can provide reference and basis for the future economic and social development and related planning of Liaoyang City.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X52

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