男性戒毒人员童年创伤、自我概念和心理健康之间的关系研究

发布时间：2018-11-25 10:03

【摘要】：毒品是人类社会的公敌,不仅会给成瘾者自身造成严重的精神和躯体危害,还会带来严重的社会经济和公共卫生问题。在戒毒的临床实践中发现,生理脱毒容易,心瘾难戒。在强制戒毒所实习中,我发现大部分吸毒者在童年期都遭受过不同程度的创伤。这种经历和吸毒行为是否存在某种联系呢?查阅文献后发现,毒品成瘾与诸多因素有关,其中心理健康水平、自我概念、童年创伤等都被提及到。多项研究表明,个体的童年创伤与异常心理和行为障碍高度相关,甚至会引发严重的心理问题和精神疾病,如抑郁、焦虑、创伤后应激障碍、人格障碍、反社会行为、物质滥用等。同时,童年创伤容易使个体形成消极的自我概念,而自我概念又是影响心理健康的一个重要因素,这表明童年创伤、个体的自我概念与心理健康之间关系密切。毒品成瘾者的自我评价和心理健康水平普遍过低会直接影响了吸毒者的戒断,从而导致高复吸率。那么,童年创伤是否可以预测个体的吸毒行为及心理健康水平?自我概念在其中又起到什么作用呢?三者在毒品戒断中的角色和之间关系又是怎样的呢?因此,本研究旨在探讨戒毒人员的童年创伤、自我概念和心理健康三者之间的关系。本研究采用连智和刘志民编制的阿片成瘾严重程度量表(OASI)、赵幸福修订的简版童年创伤问卷(CTQ-SF)、台湾学者林邦杰修订的田纳西自我概念量表(TSCS)以及1984年王征宇修订的症状自评量表(SCL-90),通过方便取样的方法,在兰州市某戒毒所发放问卷625份,其中回收有效问卷为554份,有效回收率88.64%。使用SPSS17.0对有效数据进行描述性统计、独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析、回归分析等统计分析,研究结果发现:(1)戒毒人员的毒品成瘾严重程度依次分别是:精神依赖、社会功能损害、身体损害和身体依赖;(2)戒毒人员中57.6%遭受过童年创伤,其中69.1%遭受过情感忽视,50.5%遭受过躯体忽视;(3)戒毒人员的童年创伤与心理健康水平呈显著负相关,与自我概念呈显著负相关,戒毒人员的自我概念与心理健康水平之间呈显著正相关;(4)自我概念在童年创伤和心理健康之间起着部分中介的作用。部分中介效应占了总效应的16.11%。对结果进行分析讨论,得出以下结论:第一,戒毒人员的童年创伤现象普遍存在;第二,童年创伤能够直接影响戒毒人员的自我概念和心理健康水平,同时,自我概念也能够直接影响戒毒人员的心理健康水平;第三,童年创伤既可以直接对心理健康产生不良影响,也可以间接地通过调节自我概念而改善心理健康水平。因此,对于遭受过童年创伤的戒毒人员来说,可以通过增强自信心和提高自我评价以形成积极的自我概念,减弱因童年创伤带来的不良影响,从而达到改善心理健康水平、提高成功戒毒率。
[Abstract]:Drug is the public enemy of human society, which not only causes serious mental and physical harm to addicts, but also brings serious social economy and public health problems. In the clinical practice of detoxification, it is found that physical detoxification is easy and heart addiction is difficult to quit. In compulsory drug treatment, I found that most drug addicts suffered varying degrees of trauma in childhood. Is there some connection between this experience and drug abuse? It is found that drug addiction is related to many factors, including mental health level, self concept, childhood trauma and so on. Several studies have shown that childhood trauma is highly associated with abnormal psychological and behavioral disorders, and can even lead to serious psychological problems and mental disorders, such as depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, personality disorder, antisocial behavior. Substance abuse, etc. At the same time, childhood trauma tends to make individuals form negative self-concept, and self-concept is an important factor affecting mental health, which indicates that childhood trauma, individual self-concept and mental health are closely related. The low level of mental health and self-evaluation of drug addicts will directly affect the withdrawal of drug addicts and lead to a high relapse rate. So, can childhood trauma predict individuals' drug abuse behavior and mental health? What role does self-concept play in it? What are the roles of the three in drug withdrawal and the relationship between them? Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the relationship among childhood trauma, self-concept and mental health of drug addicts. The objective of this study was to use the opioid addiction severity scale developed by Lian Zhi and Liu Zhimin, a brief version of the childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ-SF), which was revised by (OASI), Zhao. The Tennessee Self-concept scale (TSCS), revised by Taiwan scholar Lin Bangjie, and the symptom Checklist (SCL-90), revised by Wang Zhengyu in 1984, were distributed to 625 questionnaires at a drug treatment center in Lanzhou City by the convenient sampling method. Among them, 554 effective questionnaires were collected, and the effective recovery rate was 88.64. Using SPSS17.0 to carry on descriptive statistics, independent sample t test, single factor analysis of variance, regression analysis and so on. The results show that: (1) the severity of drug addiction among drug addicts is: mental dependence, social function damage, physical damage and physical dependence; (2) 57.6% of drug addicts suffered from childhood trauma, 69.1% suffered emotional neglect and 50.5% suffered physical neglect; (3) there was a significant negative correlation between childhood trauma and mental health level, and a significant negative correlation between self-concept and self-concept, and there was a significant positive correlation between self-concept and mental health level of drug addicts. (4) self-concept plays an intermediary role between childhood trauma and mental health. Part of the intermediary effect accounted for 16.11% of the total effect. The results are analyzed and discussed, and the following conclusions are drawn: first, the phenomenon of childhood trauma of drug addicts is widespread; Secondly, childhood trauma can directly affect the self-concept and mental health level of detoxifier, at the same time, self-concept can also directly affect the mental health level of drug addicts. Thirdly, childhood trauma can not only directly affect mental health, but also indirectly improve mental health by regulating self-concept. Therefore, for drug addicts who have experienced childhood trauma, they can achieve improved mental health by increasing their self-confidence and self-evaluation to form a positive self-concept and to mitigate the adverse effects of childhood trauma. To increase the rate of successful detoxification.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：B844.6

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