教育背景对官员职业地位获得影响的实证研究

发布时间：2018-12-09 11:08

【摘要】：在传统中国,教育与“仕途”紧密关联,隋唐时期封建王朝通过设置科举制度来选拔政府官吏,饱读诗书的学子们只有通过国家的科举考试取得功名,才能“学有所用”。新中国成立后,高考制度的恢复促进了社会阶层流动,同时完善了“学而优则仕”政治精英选拔路径。随着知识经济的发展,教育逐步普及化,教育与官员职业地位的获取之间的关联是加强抑或是削弱是个值得进一步深究的问题。本研究主要包含五方面内容。第一部分主要从研究问题、研究目的和意义、核心概念、国内外研究现状及研究设计等方面展开阐释；第二部分为研究基础,包括研究假设的设定、变量的设计以及样本的选取；第三部分是对官员职业地位获得的描述性统计分析。通过对302位正厅级及以上官员的描述性统计分析其个人特征和教育特征,通过t检验、F检验比较不同因素下的官员职业地位获得情况差异；第四部分利用有序logistic回归分析法探讨官员权力重要性程度、权力获得速度以及权力控制程度的影响因素；第五部分则是本研究结论的总结。通过描述统计、差异比较以及回归分析,最后得出的主要结论包括：女性参政比例低,权力尖端受损;官员进入渠道较为狭隘,且党员身份仍具优势；教育背景前后差异大,在职教育占主导；高等教育分流显著影响官员职业地位获得；进修次数增加有助于提升官员职业地位；受教育程度对官员职业地位获得具有正向促进作用等。
[Abstract]:In traditional China, education is closely related to "official career". In the Sui and Tang dynasties, the feudal dynasty adopted the imperial examination system to select government officials, and the students who were satisfied with reading poetry books could "learn something" only through the national imperial examination. After the founding of New China, the restoration of the college entrance examination system promoted the social class mobility, and improved the political elite selection path of "learning is superior". With the development of knowledge economy and the popularization of education, the relationship between education and the acquisition of official professional status is a problem worth further study. This research mainly includes five aspects. The first part mainly from the research question, the research goal and the significance, the core concept, the domestic and foreign research present situation and the research design and so on aspect carries on the explanation; The second part is the research foundation, including the hypothesis setting, the variable design and the sample selection; the third part is the descriptive statistical analysis of the official professional status. Through the descriptive statistical analysis of 302 officials at or above the official level, the author analyzes their personal characteristics and educational characteristics. Through the t test, the F test compares the differences of the professional status of the officials under different factors. The fourth part uses ordered logistic regression analysis to discuss the influence factors of the importance of power, the speed of power acquisition and the degree of power control, and the fifth part is a summary of the conclusion of this study. By describing statistics, difference comparison and regression analysis, the main conclusions are as follows: female participation in politics is low, power tip is damaged, official access channel is narrow, and party member status still has advantages; Before and after the education background is different, the in-service education is dominant, the higher education diversion has a significant impact on the official professional status, and the increase of the number of further education helps to promote the official professional status. The education level has the positive promotion function to the official occupation status obtains and so on.
【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G40-05

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