基于专利信息分析的区域科技创新能力评价研究

发布时间：2018-12-16 12:01

【摘要】：知识经济的发展使国家间竞争日益加剧,而国家间的竞争归根到底是科技创新水平的竞争,科技创新成为地区获取竞争优势的关键。在国际化竞争日益加剧的背景下,不同国家或地区相继出台了科技政策或科技发展战略,科技创新对推动区域经济可持续发展及产业结构调整的重要性日益突出。评价不同区域科技创新能力时,普遍认为专利是至关重要的指标,因为专利可以反映90%-95%的科技信息且贯穿于整个创新过程,不同专利指标可以从多角度衡量地区技术创新规模、效益或者区域内特定机构、产业的技术发展水平,将专利信息转化为科技创新评价与决策信息,可以为产业、区域和国家提供重要战略性情报资源。本文首先总结国内外有关区域创新能力和专利指标的研究成果,以价值链理论和竞争情报理论为基础,围绕科技活动流程,从专利信息视角构建区域科技创新价值链模型;其次,结合理论模型和相关文献设计专利计量指标,通过发放专家调查问卷和可行性数据分析优化测度指标,构建基于专利信息的区域科技创新能力评价指标体系,包含专利创造能力、专利运用能力和专利支持环境三大维度的16项具体指标;最后采集我国29个省市区“十二五”期间指标数据,利用因子分析法和熵值法从不同角度评价各省市区科技创新能力。为了使评价更具针对性,结合江苏省五年专利数据分析来探讨江苏省科技发展态势,并利用SWOT分析法提出促进江苏省科技发展的对策建议。研究结果表明:以专利信息评价区域科技创新能力颇具优势。江苏省科技体制改革成效显著,科技创新实力居全国领先地位,具体表现在专利权意识浓厚、较高的机构发明专利价值和较为完善的专利配套设施。但是为了维持其科技强省地位,仍需优化专利结构、扩大专利应用影响范围、加强政产学研合作和区域内部发展的平衡性。建议江苏省通过创新投入体系、提高企业自主创新能力、推进政产学研合作、挖掘区域内部产业优势和优化科技创新环境等措施来保持和扩大区域科技竞争优势。
[Abstract]:The development of knowledge economy intensifies the competition among countries, and the competition among countries is, in the final analysis, the competition of the level of scientific and technological innovation. Under the background of increasing international competition, different countries or regions have issued scientific and technological policies or scientific and technological development strategies one after another. The importance of scientific and technological innovation in promoting the sustainable development of regional economy and the adjustment of industrial structure has become increasingly prominent. When evaluating the ability of different regions to innovate in science and technology, it is generally agreed that patents are critical indicators, because patents can reflect 90 to 95 percent of science and technology information and run through the entire innovation process. Different patent indicators can be used to measure the scale and benefits of regional technological innovation, or the level of technological development of specific institutions and industries within the region, and to transform patent information into information for evaluation and decision making of scientific and technological innovation. Regions and countries provide important strategic intelligence resources. Firstly, this paper summarizes the research results of regional innovation capability and patent index at home and abroad. Based on the theory of value chain and competitive intelligence theory, this paper constructs the value chain model of regional scientific and technological innovation from the perspective of patent information. Secondly, combining the theoretical model and related literature to design the patent measurement index, through issuing expert questionnaire and feasibility data analysis to optimize the measurement index, build the evaluation index system of regional science and technology innovation ability based on patent information. It includes 16 indexes of patent creation ability, patent application ability and patent supporting environment. Finally, the index data of 29 provinces and municipalities in China during the 12th Five-Year Plan period were collected, and the scientific and technological innovation ability of each province and city was evaluated from different angles by using factor analysis method and entropy method. In order to make the evaluation more pertinence, this paper discusses the development trend of science and technology in Jiangsu Province with the analysis of five years patent data, and puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions to promote the development of science and technology in Jiangsu Province by using SWOT analysis method. The results show that the evaluation of regional scientific and technological innovation ability based on patent information has considerable advantages. The reform of science and technology system in Jiangsu Province has achieved remarkable results, and the strength of science and technology innovation occupies the leading position in the whole country. The concrete manifestation is the strong consciousness of patent right, the higher value of patent for institution invention and the more perfect patent supporting facilities. However, in order to maintain its status as a strong province of science and technology, it is still necessary to optimize the patent structure, expand the scope of influence of patent application, and strengthen the balance between politics, industry, education and research and the development of regional interior. It is suggested that Jiangsu Province should maintain and expand the competitive advantage of regional science and technology by means of innovation input system, improving the ability of independent innovation of enterprises, promoting cooperation between government, industry, university and research, tapping the advantages of industry within the region and optimizing the environment of scientific and technological innovation.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G306

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