环锭细纱机断线监测系统设计

发布时间：2019-03-08 15:44

【摘要】：在目前的纺织业中,环锭细纱机生产的纱线仍占主导地位。在细纱机工作过程中由于现场环境复杂,容易发生断线。细纱断线如不及时处理将严重影响纱线生产的产量及品质。由于国外纱线断线监测产品价格高,目前国内大部分纺纱企业仍旧采用人工方式来检查断线,处理不及时、不准确,影响了企业经济效益和市场竞争力。针对上述问题,本文设计并实现了一种成本合理、可替代人工检查的环锭细纱机断线监测系统。系统主要包括三部分:前端信号采集处理子系统、集中器子系统、PC端监控子系统。在前端信号采集处理子系统中,首先,本文设计了一种基于电磁感应原理的双线圈差分式传感器以及相应的信号处理电路,并将它们封装成检测装置,利用国产ZJ1268型号细纱机硬件平台检验了其信号检测处理效果,得到了较好结果,检测装置实现了对锭子上钢丝圈转速信息的采集处理;然后,本文设计了基于单片机的信号分析处理器,同时对6路钢丝圈转速信息进行分析处理,实现了对断线和速度异常情况的判断及报警;最后,本文设计了CAN通信硬件电路,并通过制定CAN通信协议,以及对程序的编码,实现了前端信号采集处理子系统与集中器子系统间的实时通信。在集中器子系统中,首先,根据集中器的功能,本文设计了其硬件电路;然后,本文通过制定以太网通信协议,以及对各功能程序的编码,实现了集中器作为网关对上下子系统间的协议转换功能,并对断线异常情况按机台报警,以及在以太网通信线路异常时临时存储监测数据。在PC端监控子系统中,本文根据系统功能,分别完成了对数据库的设计,监控软件与集中器间通信程序的设计,监控界面的设计以及相应功能程序的编码。为验证整个系统的功能及性能,本文搭建了系统调试平台,利用检测装置在细纱机平台上采集到的数据,完成了对整个系统的调试,得到了较好的实验结果。系统实现了对锭子纺纱状态的实时监测,并统计了实时生产信息。该系统与传统的人工方式相比,能够及时准确的发现环锭细纱机工作中的断线等异常,成本合理。系统通过对锭子异常情况和生产信息的统计,实现了对锭子精细化的管理。系统具有可靠性、可扩展性,为早日研发出能广泛适用于国内纺纱企业的断线监测系统提供基础应用性参考。
[Abstract]:In the current textile industry, ring spinning frame still plays a dominant role in the production of yarns. In the spinning frame working process because of the complex field environment, easy to break the wire. If the yarn break is not dealt with in time, the production and quality of yarn will be seriously affected. Due to the high price of yarn breaking monitoring products in foreign countries, most domestic spinning enterprises still use manual method to check broken yarn at present. The processing is not timely and accurate, which affects the economic benefit and market competitiveness of enterprises. In order to solve the above problems, this paper designs and implements a monitoring system for broken line of ring spinning frame, which is reasonable in cost and can replace manual inspection. The system mainly includes three parts: front-end signal acquisition and processing subsystem, concentrator subsystem, PC monitoring subsystem. In the front-end signal acquisition and processing subsystem, first of all, this paper designs a dual-coil differential sensor based on electromagnetic induction principle and corresponding signal processing circuit, and encapsulates them into detection devices. Using the hardware platform of domestic ZJ1268 spinning frame, the effect of signal detection and processing is tested, and the better result is obtained. The measuring device realizes the collection and processing of the speed information of the steel wire ring on the spindle. Then, the signal analysis processor based on single-chip microcomputer is designed. At the same time, the speed information of 6 wire rings is analyzed and processed, and the judgment and alarm of broken line and abnormal speed are realized. Finally, the CAN communication hardware circuit is designed in this paper, and the real-time communication between the front-end signal acquisition and processing subsystem and the concentrator subsystem is realized by making the CAN communication protocol and coding the program. In the concentrator subsystem, firstly, according to the function of concentrator, the hardware circuit is designed in this paper. Then, through the establishment of Ethernet communication protocol and the coding of each function program, this paper realizes the protocol conversion function of the concentrator as gateway to the above sub-systems, and alarms the abnormal situation of the broken line according to the machine station. And temporarily store monitoring data when Ethernet communication lines are abnormal. In the PC monitoring subsystem, according to the system function, the design of the database, the communication program between the monitor software and the concentrator, the design of the monitor interface and the coding of the corresponding function program are completed respectively. In order to verify the function and performance of the whole system, the system debugging platform is set up in this paper. By using the data collected on the spinning frame platform, the debugging of the whole system is completed and good experimental results are obtained. The system realizes the real-time monitoring of spindle spinning status, and statistics the real-time production information. Compared with the traditional manual method, the system can find the abnormal broken line in the ring spinning frame in time and accurately, and the cost is reasonable. The system realizes the fine management of spindles by counting the abnormal situation and production information of spindles. The system has the reliability and expansibility, which provides the basic application reference for the early development of the broken line monitoring system which can be widely used in domestic spinning enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：杭州电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TS103.23

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