中国制造业价值链嵌入的技术进步效应研究

发布时间：2019-03-20 16:23

【摘要】：二十世纪八十年代以来,以专业化分工为基础的全球价值链成了商品生产的主流模式。中国制造业凭借廉价的劳动力和丰富的资源优势,以全球价值链低端为切入点积极融入全球化生产,不仅开拓了中国的国际贸易竞争市场,也促进了中国制造业的技术进步。然而,随着中国制造业价值链分工的深化,经济进入新常态,这种价值链嵌入的技术进步效应是否依然存在?此外,在经济可持续发展的态势下,制造业的技术进步受到全球化分工影响的同时,人力资本通过知识转移也对技术进步形成直接或间接的影响。因此,在经济新常态下,从全球化视角来考察价值链嵌入与技术进步之间的关系,找出价值链嵌入与人力资本的交互作用对技术进步有强化作用的人力资本水平,有助于推动中国制造业的技术进步。本文在回顾相关理论和现有研究成果的基础上,梳理了价值链嵌入与技术进步的作用机制,并进一步就人力资本对价值链嵌入技术进步效应的影响进行探讨。在此基础上,通过垂直专业化指数法和DEA-Malmquist指数法获取实证指标,结合理论机制,运用面板计量模型实证检验了价值链嵌入的技术进步效应,以及人力资本的约束机制。实证结果表明:(1)中国制造业价值链嵌入与技术进步之间存在着先上升后下降的倒U型关系;比较不同要素密集度行业的结果表明,劳动密集型更早的进入“拐点”的阻碍效应。(2)与价值链嵌入程度相匹配的人力资本,对技术进步有着正向作用。比较不同要素密集度行业的结果,人力资本水平越高,对价值链嵌入过程中的技术进步效应的影响越小,说明在中国制造业价值链嵌入的过程中,人力资本水平充当着一种“稳定器”的角色,有助于平抑价值链嵌入深化对技术进步的正向冲击。因此,在不断推动中国制造业参与全球价值链的进程中,提高人力资本水平,有助于推进中国制造业的稳健发展。
[Abstract]:Since 1980's, the global value chain based on specialized division of labor has become the mainstream mode of commodity production. With the advantage of cheap labor and abundant resources, China's manufacturing industry actively integrates into global production by taking the low end of the global value chain as the entry point. It not only opens up China's international trade competition market, but also promotes the technological progress of China's manufacturing industry. However, with the deepening of China's manufacturing value chain division of labor, the economy has entered the new normal, will the technological progress effect of this value chain embedded in the value chain still exist? In addition, under the situation of sustainable economic development, the technological progress of manufacturing industry is influenced by the globalization division of labor. At the same time, the human capital also has a direct or indirect impact on the technological progress through the transfer of knowledge. Therefore, in the new economic normal, from the perspective of globalization, the relationship between value chain embedding and technological progress is investigated, and the level of human capital, which is strengthened by the interaction between value chain embedding and human capital, is found out. It will help to promote the technological progress of China's manufacturing industry. On the basis of reviewing the relevant theories and existing research results, this paper combs the mechanism of value chain embedding and technological progress, and further discusses the influence of human capital on the technological progress effect of value chain embedding. On this basis, through the vertical specialization index method and DEA-Malmquist index method to obtain empirical indicators, combined with the theoretical mechanism, the panel econometric model is used to test the technological progress effect of value chain embedding, as well as the constraint mechanism of human capital. The empirical results show that: (1) there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between the embedding of Chinese manufacturing value chain and technological progress; The results of comparing different factor-intensive industries show that labor-intensive early entry into the "inflection point" hindrance effect. (2) Human capital matching the embedding degree of value chain has a positive effect on technological progress. Comparing the results of different factor intensity industries, the higher the level of human capital, the less the influence on the technological progress effect in the process of value chain embedding, which indicates that the higher the level of human capital, the less the effect on the technological progress in the process of value chain embedding. The level of human capital acts as a "stabilizer", which helps to suppress the positive impact of value chain embedding and deepening on technological progress. Therefore, in the process of continuously promoting China's manufacturing industry to participate in the global value chain, improving the level of human capital is helpful to promote the steady development of China's manufacturing industry.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F424.3

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