知识产权保护对低碳经济的影响
发布时间：2019-03-22 18:56
【摘要】：在温室气体排放导致全球气候日益变暖的大背景下,世界各国逐渐认识到控制二氧化碳排放已迫在眉睫,以绿色发展为核心的低碳经济,受到各国政府的强烈关注。中国的CO2排放量一直是人们共同关注的焦点。因此发展低碳经济在我国势在必行。低碳经济是一种绿色经济发展模式,通过低碳技术创新和制度创新等手段,提高能源利用效率和优化能源结构,实现经济和生态环境良性互动。我国传统"高碳"经济发展模式早已亮起红灯,能源紧缺、环境破坏等系列问题接踵而至。为了实现环境保护和经济发展的良性互动,低碳经济将是必由之路。进入21世纪,我国政府对温室气体排放导致全球气候日益变暖的问题高度重视,并采取了一系列强有力的措施,在重大国际会议上,中国多次明确提出了控制温室气体排放的目标,以2005年二氧化碳强度为基准,到2020年二氧化碳强度比2005年降低40%-45%。低碳制度创新、低碳技术创新是低碳经济的核心,而知识产权保护是创新的坚强后盾,对创新的利益进行严格保护,可以使发明创造的产权得以明确,避免了"搭便车"的现象,一定程度上解决了市场失灵问题,将发明创造的外部经济性内部化,使得发明创造的个人收益接近社会收益,从而达到预期收益,有效地激励了发明创造。因此,客观认识我国知识产权发展水平,发现其存在的问题,找到知识产权保护促进低碳经济发展和实现低碳核心技术创新的最佳路径,进而制定科学合理的政策,将能够实现知识产权保护事业和低碳经济的快速发展。长期以来,关于知识产权保护与低碳经济的研究多集中于发达国家;中国关于知识产权保护与低碳经济的研究起步较晚且多侧重于理论方面,因此,结合中国国情,实证研究知识产权保护对低碳经济的影响具有非常重要的意义。本文在知识产权保护与低碳经济相关理论分析的基础上,主要进行了以下几个方面的研究:第一,对我国知识产权保护现状的统计分析,通过对我国知识产权保护强度的测度。发现我国的知识产权立法强度已基本达到西方发达国家水平,但是我国的知识产权执法强度却相对不足。第二,对我国的低碳经济发展水平进行统计分析,衡量了我国的能源强度和年二氧化碳净排放量,发现我国的二氧化碳净排放年增长率和能源强度年增长率逐年递减,说明我国的低碳经济取得一定的成效,但是我国每年的能源消耗总量和二氧化碳净排放量依然很大,低碳经济的任务依然很严峻。第三,在2000年至2014年全国29个省市(港澳台新疆西藏除外)的面板数据的基础上,实证检验知识产权保护对低碳经济的影响,并引入控制变量人居GDP年增长率、能源强度、人口年增长率、科研经费投入强度,总体回归结果表明,我国知识产权保护强度对低碳经济具有显著的促进作用,另外科研经费投入强度对我国的低碳经济也有积极作用,而人居GDP年增长率、能源强度、人口年增长率对我国的低碳经济具有抑制作用。第四,根据我国知识产权保护和低碳经济发展现状和实证分析得出的结论提出相应的政策建议。
[Abstract]:In the background of the global warming of the greenhouse gas emissions, the countries of the world have gradually recognized that the control of carbon dioxide emissions is imminent and that the low-carbon economy, which is at the core of green development, is strongly concerned by the Governments of the world. China's CO2 emissions have been a focus of common concern. Therefore, it is imperative to develop low-carbon economy in our country. The low-carbon economy is a green economy development mode, through the means of low-carbon technology innovation and system innovation, the energy utilization efficiency and the optimized energy structure are improved, and the benign interaction between the economy and the ecological environment is realized. The traditional "high carbon" economic development mode of our country has long been on the red light, the energy shortage, the environmental damage and other series of problems. In order to achieve the benign interaction of environmental protection and economic development, the low-carbon economy will be the only way. In the 21st century, the government of our country attaches great importance to the problem of global warming caused by greenhouse gas emission, and has taken a series of powerful measures. At the major international conference, China has made several clear goals to control the emission of greenhouse gases, Based on the 2005 carbon dioxide intensity, the carbon dioxide strength by 2020 is 40-45% lower than in 2005. The low-carbon system innovation and low-carbon technology innovation are the core of the low-carbon economy, while the protection of intellectual property is the strong backing of innovation, and the protection of the innovation interests can make the property right of the invention clear and avoid the "hitchhiker" phenomenon, To a certain extent, the problem of market failure is solved, and the external economy of the invention is internalized, so that the personal income of the invention is close to the social income, so that the expected income is achieved, and the invention is effectively stimulated. Therefore, it is objective to know the level of intellectual property development in China, to find out the problems existing, to find the best path of intellectual property protection to promote the development of low-carbon economy and to realize the technological innovation of low-carbon core, and to make a scientific and reasonable policy, The rapid development of intellectual property protection and low-carbon economy will be realized. For a long time, the research on the protection of intellectual property and the low-carbon economy is more concentrated in the developed countries; China's research on the protection of intellectual property and the low-carbon economy has started a late and more focused on the theory, and therefore, in combination with China's national conditions, It is of great significance to study the effect of intellectual property protection on the low-carbon economy. On the basis of the theory analysis of intellectual property protection and low-carbon economy, this paper mainly studies the following aspects: first, the statistical analysis of the present situation of intellectual property protection in China, and the measure of the strength of intellectual property protection in China. It is found that the legislative strength of intellectual property in our country has basically reached the level of the western developed countries, but the law enforcement strength of the intellectual property in our country is relatively low. Secondly, this paper makes a statistical analysis on the development of low-carbon economy in China, and measures the energy intensity and the net emission of carbon dioxide in China. It is found that the annual growth rate of the net emission of carbon dioxide and the annual growth rate of the energy intensity of China are decreasing year by year, indicating that the low-carbon economy of our country has achieved some results. But China's annual total energy consumption and the net carbon dioxide emissions are still large, and the task of low-carbon economy is still very serious. Third, on the basis of the panel data of 29 provinces and cities (except Tibet, Xinjiang, Tibet) from 2000 to 2014, the effect of intellectual property protection on the low-carbon economy is empirically tested, and the annual growth rate, energy intensity and population growth rate of the control variable are introduced. The results of the total regression show that the strength of the intellectual property protection of China has a significant effect on the low-carbon economy, and the investment intensity of the scientific research funds has a positive effect on the low-carbon economy of our country, and the annual growth rate and the energy intensity of the human-living GDP. The annual growth rate of the population has an inhibitory effect on China's low-carbon economy. Fourth, according to the present situation of intellectual property protection and low-carbon economic development in China and the conclusions of the empirical analysis, the corresponding policy suggestions are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F124.5;F204
本文编号：2445831
[Abstract]:In the background of the global warming of the greenhouse gas emissions, the countries of the world have gradually recognized that the control of carbon dioxide emissions is imminent and that the low-carbon economy, which is at the core of green development, is strongly concerned by the Governments of the world. China's CO2 emissions have been a focus of common concern. Therefore, it is imperative to develop low-carbon economy in our country. The low-carbon economy is a green economy development mode, through the means of low-carbon technology innovation and system innovation, the energy utilization efficiency and the optimized energy structure are improved, and the benign interaction between the economy and the ecological environment is realized. The traditional "high carbon" economic development mode of our country has long been on the red light, the energy shortage, the environmental damage and other series of problems. In order to achieve the benign interaction of environmental protection and economic development, the low-carbon economy will be the only way. In the 21st century, the government of our country attaches great importance to the problem of global warming caused by greenhouse gas emission, and has taken a series of powerful measures. At the major international conference, China has made several clear goals to control the emission of greenhouse gases, Based on the 2005 carbon dioxide intensity, the carbon dioxide strength by 2020 is 40-45% lower than in 2005. The low-carbon system innovation and low-carbon technology innovation are the core of the low-carbon economy, while the protection of intellectual property is the strong backing of innovation, and the protection of the innovation interests can make the property right of the invention clear and avoid the "hitchhiker" phenomenon, To a certain extent, the problem of market failure is solved, and the external economy of the invention is internalized, so that the personal income of the invention is close to the social income, so that the expected income is achieved, and the invention is effectively stimulated. Therefore, it is objective to know the level of intellectual property development in China, to find out the problems existing, to find the best path of intellectual property protection to promote the development of low-carbon economy and to realize the technological innovation of low-carbon core, and to make a scientific and reasonable policy, The rapid development of intellectual property protection and low-carbon economy will be realized. For a long time, the research on the protection of intellectual property and the low-carbon economy is more concentrated in the developed countries; China's research on the protection of intellectual property and the low-carbon economy has started a late and more focused on the theory, and therefore, in combination with China's national conditions, It is of great significance to study the effect of intellectual property protection on the low-carbon economy. On the basis of the theory analysis of intellectual property protection and low-carbon economy, this paper mainly studies the following aspects: first, the statistical analysis of the present situation of intellectual property protection in China, and the measure of the strength of intellectual property protection in China. It is found that the legislative strength of intellectual property in our country has basically reached the level of the western developed countries, but the law enforcement strength of the intellectual property in our country is relatively low. Secondly, this paper makes a statistical analysis on the development of low-carbon economy in China, and measures the energy intensity and the net emission of carbon dioxide in China. It is found that the annual growth rate of the net emission of carbon dioxide and the annual growth rate of the energy intensity of China are decreasing year by year, indicating that the low-carbon economy of our country has achieved some results. But China's annual total energy consumption and the net carbon dioxide emissions are still large, and the task of low-carbon economy is still very serious. Third, on the basis of the panel data of 29 provinces and cities (except Tibet, Xinjiang, Tibet) from 2000 to 2014, the effect of intellectual property protection on the low-carbon economy is empirically tested, and the annual growth rate, energy intensity and population growth rate of the control variable are introduced. The results of the total regression show that the strength of the intellectual property protection of China has a significant effect on the low-carbon economy, and the investment intensity of the scientific research funds has a positive effect on the low-carbon economy of our country, and the annual growth rate and the energy intensity of the human-living GDP. The annual growth rate of the population has an inhibitory effect on China's low-carbon economy. Fourth, according to the present situation of intellectual property protection and low-carbon economic development in China and the conclusions of the empirical analysis, the corresponding policy suggestions are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F124.5;F204
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