旅游型村镇农家乐建筑用能模式与节能策略研究

发布时间：2019-04-10 20:10

【摘要】：当前,由于全球人口的增加,能源的需求成为制约世界各国经济发展的重要因素,全世界各个国家都在制定能源战略以适应高速发展的社会环境。现阶段我国建筑用能已超过全国能源消费总量的1/4,并将随着人民生活水平的提高逐步增加到1/3以上。改革开发以来,随着新农村建设的全面展开,农村地区经济建设发展水平不断提高,建筑能耗水平也不断提高,特别是近些年来,村镇旅游资源大力开发,农家乐的建设如火如荼,虽然能够有效地解决农村就业、发展农村经济,但同时也存在着一些问题,如由于缺乏一定的节能指导方针和规范的约束,农家乐能源利用效率低,建筑节能普遍不达标的情况普遍存在,在我国每年城镇新建公共建筑3-4亿m2,而一般公共建筑的能耗是普通居住建筑能耗5倍的背景下,农家乐建筑用能与节能形势十分严峻。对于农家乐建筑能耗,人们应重点从影响建筑能耗的影响因素和技术手段入手。本论文以现阶段旅游型村镇农家乐建筑用能现状为背景,根据本论文相关课题的需要,重点对三个典型旅游型村镇的农家乐建筑基本现状与建筑能耗现状进行调研,问询各季度住户对农家乐室内热环境的满意状况,并实测农家乐室内外热物理参数,利用样本问卷,收集影响建筑热环境和建筑能耗的多个因素。该论文中选取的三个典型村镇分别是成都三圣乡、青城山镇和峨嵋黄湾乡,这三个地区的农家乐都具有特色和代表性,能够反映出当前旅游型村镇建筑用能及节能现状,在实际调研中通过实地考察及实地测量的方法,对各地区农家乐建筑基本现状、建筑用能设备基本情况特别是夏季降温和冬季取暖措施有了很详尽的了解,对于调研样本中每户农家乐使用的各种能源的年均消耗量进行了统计,并利用SPSS软件统计分析影响农家乐建筑能耗的显著性影响因素,发现影响农家乐建筑年总能耗的显著线性相关因素为：旺季月份数、建筑面积、可接纳旅客人数、夏季降温措施和空调数量。通过实际的建筑情况和能耗影响因素,确定能耗改进的三个主要方面分别是建筑围护结构的改善、建筑空调系统和建筑自然采光的改善,通过能耗模拟软件-DeST,模拟分析典型农家乐在当前围护结构的状态及符合《公共建筑节能设计标准》规定的围护结构构造的不同的建筑全年室内温度状况和不同工况下建筑空调系统和建筑不同程度自然采光情况对建筑年能耗的影响来提出建筑的节能措施。使农家乐建筑中各种能源充分合理地使用,提高暖通空调系统的能源利用效率,以达到建筑节能的目的。
[Abstract]:At present, due to the increase of the global population, the demand for energy has become an important factor restricting the economic development of all countries in the world. All countries in the world are formulating energy strategies to adapt to the high-speed development of the social environment. At present, the building energy consumption of our country has exceeded 1 / 4 of the total energy consumption of the whole country, and will gradually increase to more than 1 / 3 with the improvement of the living standard of the people. Since the reform and development, with the overall development of the new rural construction, the level of economic construction and energy consumption in rural areas have been continuously improved, especially in recent years, tourism resources in villages and towns have been vigorously exploited. The construction of rural family music is in full swing, although it can effectively solve rural employment and develop rural economy, but there are also some problems, such as the lack of certain energy-saving guidelines and regulatory constraints, the efficiency of rural energy utilization is low. Building energy efficiency is generally not up to standard. Under the background of 3-400 million m2 of newly built public buildings in cities and towns of our country every year, and the energy consumption of general public buildings is five times as much as that of ordinary residential buildings, The situation of energy consumption and energy saving in rural buildings is very serious. For the energy consumption of rural buildings, people should focus on the influencing factors and technical means of building energy consumption. In this paper, based on the current situation of energy consumption of rural buildings in tourism-oriented villages and towns, and according to the needs of related topics in this paper, the basic situation and energy consumption situation of peasant-house buildings in three typical tourist villages and towns are investigated. In this paper, we asked the residents' satisfaction with the indoor thermal environment, measured the thermal physical parameters inside and outside the house, and collected the factors that affect the thermal environment and energy consumption of the building by using sample questionnaire. The three typical villages and towns selected in this paper are Chengdu Sansheng Township, Qingcheng Mountain Town and Emei Huangwan Township. The rural family music in these three areas is characteristic and representative, which can reflect the current situation of building energy consumption and energy saving in tourist villages and towns. Through on-the-spot investigation and on-the-spot survey methods, we have a very detailed understanding of the basic situation of rural buildings in various areas, the basic situation of building energy-consuming equipment, especially the measures of cooling down in summer and heating in winter. The average annual consumption of various energy sources used by each household in the survey sample was statistically analyzed, and the significant factors affecting the energy consumption of the farm house were analyzed by using SPSS software. It is found that the significant linear correlation factors affecting the annual total energy consumption of rural buildings are as follows: the number of busy months, the building area, the number of visitors that can be accepted, the cooling measures in summer and the number of air-conditioners. According to the actual building situation and the influencing factors of energy consumption, the three main aspects of energy consumption improvement are the improvement of building envelope structure, the improvement of building air conditioning system and the improvement of building natural lighting, and through the energy consumption simulation software-DeST,. This paper simulates and analyzes the current state of the enclosure structure and the different indoor temperature of buildings in accordance with the requirements of the Standard for Energy-saving Design of Public buildings and the different working conditions of the air-conditioning system and the air-conditioning system of the buildings under different working conditions. The influence of natural lighting on the annual energy consumption of buildings to put forward the energy-saving measures of buildings. In order to achieve the purpose of building energy conservation, energy utilization efficiency of heating, ventilation and air conditioning system can be improved by fully and reasonably using all kinds of energy sources in Nongjiala building.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TU26;TU111.195

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