论马克思按劳分配理论在当代中国的运用和发展

发布时间：2018-02-26 05:35

本文关键词： 按劳分配收入分配按生产要素分配效率与公平　出处：《南京财经大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：白1875年马克思在《哥达纲领批判》中提出按劳分配理论以来,该理论就因其对阶级剥削压迫的批判和否定,以及对收入分配公平公正的强调和追求,而为社会主义国家所普遍接纳和采用。列宁、毛泽东、邓小平、江泽民、胡锦涛等马克思主义者对按劳分配理论进行了长期、艰苦的探索与实践。尽管经过长期的探索与实践,我国的按劳分配制度已经在收入分配制度中占据了主体地位,按劳分配理论也在实践中得到了发展和深化,但不可否认的是,我国的按劳分配制度仍然存在着诸多问题。本文旨在通过对马克思按劳分配理论形成与发展的系统回顾与梳理、以及马克思按劳分配理论与我国目前按劳分配现状的对照与分析,来说明我国目前按劳分配制度中存在的问题,从而有针对性的提出我国当前完善按劳分配制度的实践途径。文中首先对马克思按劳分配理论的形成与发展进行了回顾与梳理。文中第二章阐述了马克思按劳分配理论提出的时代背景及理论渊源,对按劳分配理论的内容进行了解读,并归纳了按劳分配理论的历史意义。第三章阐述了列宁领导苏联社会主义建设时期面临的历史条件、以及他对马克思按劳分配理论的进一步补充和完善,并指出,列宁的按劳分配实践实现了实践精神与人本思想的统一、求真务实与兼容并蓄的统一。第四章介绍了毛泽东对按劳分配原则的认识与实践,并对毛泽东的按劳分配实践进行了评价。第五章则对邓小平、江泽民、胡锦涛各具特色的按劳分配实践进行了论述,并指出三代领导集体对按劳分配原则的实践,极大的丰富和发展了马克思的按劳分配理论,也使得我国的收入分配制度日益贴近于马克思按劳分配理论。在对马克思按劳分配理论形成与发展进行系统回顾与梳理之后,文中第六章将马克思的按劳分配理论与我国目前的按劳分配现状进行了对比与分析,指出我国目前按劳分配制度存在着主体地位有所缺失、制度执行有失规范、社会保障有待提升的问题,并提出了在社会主义初级阶段,我国必须坚持和完善按劳分配制度、正确处理按劳分配与按生产要素分配之间的关系、劳动收入与国民收入之间的关系、按劳分配与社会保障之间的关系、政府行政支出与社会保障支出之间的关系。
[Abstract]:Since Marx put forward the theory of distribution according to work in the critique of Gotha Programme in 1875, the theory has been emphasized and pursued because of its criticism and negation of class exploitation and oppression, as well as the emphasis and pursuit of fairness and justice in income distribution. And generally accepted and adopted by socialist countries. Marxists such as Lenin, Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, Jiang Zemin, and other Marxists have long, painstakingly explored and practiced the theory of distribution according to work, although after a long period of exploration and practice, The distribution system according to work in our country has occupied the main position in the income distribution system, and the theory of distribution according to work has also been developed and deepened in practice, but it is undeniable that, There are still many problems in the distribution system according to work in China. This paper aims to review and comb the formation and development of Marx's theory of distribution according to work. As well as the comparison and analysis between Marx's theory of distribution according to work and the present situation of distribution according to work in China, to illustrate the problems existing in the distribution system according to work in our country. The paper firstly reviews and combs the formation and development of Marx's theory of distribution according to work. The second chapter expounds Marx's distribution according to work. The background and origin of the theory of matching, The content of the theory of distribution according to work is interpreted, and the historical significance of the theory of distribution according to work is summed up. Chapter three expounds the historical conditions that Lenin faced during the period of socialist construction under the leadership of the Soviet Union. And his further supplement and perfection to Marx's theory of distribution according to work, and pointed out that Lenin's practice of distribution according to work has realized the unity of practical spirit and humanism. Chapter 4th introduces Mao Zedong's understanding and practice of the principle of distribution according to work, and appraises the practice of distribution according to work. Hu Jintao discussed the practice of distribution according to work with his own characteristics, and pointed out that the practice of the principle of distribution according to work by three generations of leading collectives has greatly enriched and developed Marx's theory of distribution according to work. It also makes the income distribution system of our country more and more close to Marx's theory of distribution according to work. After reviewing and combing the formation and development of Marx's theory of distribution according to work, Chapter 6th compares Marx's theory of distribution according to work with the present situation of distribution according to work in our country, and points out that the distribution system according to work in our country has a lack of main body status, and the implementation of system is not standard. The social security needs to be promoted, and it is pointed out that in the primary stage of socialism, our country must adhere to and improve the distribution system according to work, and correctly handle the relationship between distribution according to work and distribution according to factors of production. The relationship between labor income and national income, distribution according to work and social security, and the relationship between government administrative expenditure and social security expenditure.
【学位授予单位】：南京财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F092.7;F014.4

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