对社会主义按劳分配的再认识

发布时间：2018-03-28 04:01

本文选题：社会主义　切入点：市场经济　出处：《华中师范大学》2002年硕士论文

【摘要】： 按劳分配是社会主义经济制度的重要特征之一。马克思提出了科学的按劳分配理论，以按劳分配作为社会主义个人消费品分配的基本原则。其理论前提是社会主义高级阶段的一般经济条件：建立了全社会范围内统一的生产资料公有制，实现了全社会严格的计划经济等。通过对马克思恩格斯按劳分配理论的重新考察，认为按劳分配的目的与所要解决的问题是使劳动者不仅要领回自身劳动力的价值，而且还得到部分剩余劳动或剩余产品。按劳分配的“劳”是指有效劳动的社会必要劳动时间。按劳分配的核心原则是等量劳动相交换。按劳分配没有固定不变的模式。马克思的按劳分配理论只是导向性、原则性的。我国计划经济体制下“按劳分配”的形式有：城镇的工资制和农村的工分制。其特征是高度集中的计划分配和严重的平均主义倾向。它是同单一的公有制和计划经济相互配套，并服从其需要的。其形成原因有：对马克思按劳分配理论的教条理解；对“苏联模式”的参照；低水平加速战略的驱动；中国传统文化的影响。通过对我国计划经济体制下按劳分配实践的分析，认为它不符合马克思按劳分配理论的原则性规定，因而是扭曲的按劳分配。马克思主义按劳分配理论应与时俱进。社会主义市场经济条件下按劳分配的“劳”既包括生产劳动，也包括非生产劳动。社会主义市场经济下按劳分配的特点有：企业成为分配主体；商品货币形式成为分配媒介；按劳分配的对象是“实现价值”；以劳动效益为分配尺度；按劳分配所包含的范围大大拓展。社会主义市场经济条件下按劳分配作用的范围是全社会，既可以存在于公有制经济，也可存在于混合所有制经济，还可存在于私有制经济。社会主义市场经济条件下的私营企业与资本主义私有制企业有所不同。其分配方式当然也有所区别。按劳分配不仅作用于生产部门，而且还作用于非生产部门。从全社会范围看，按劳分配是一种原则，从微观上看，按劳分配又是一种分配方式。社会主义市场经济条件下按劳分配与按生产要素分配内容上是相容的、交叉的。二卜自霎弓爿颜＋兰付＃寸 I＞自回回／户）w（上丁4工比人＼W——）VAS工8 S TI旧引S 一者相互依赖、相互影响、相互渗透，按劳分配要借助按生产要素分配的形式得以实现，公有制经济中的按劳分配原则会对非公有制经济的分配过程产生一定程度的影响。按劳分配与按生产要素分配结合的基本含义有：按劳分配制度与按生产要素分配制度的并存；按劳分配方式与按生产要素分配方式的结合。在二者的结合中，要坚持按劳分配的主体地位。我们要结合我国社会主义初级阶段的实际，，大力发展生产力，保护按劳分配收入，坚持效率优先，兼顾公平，加快劳动力市场建设，巩固和完善按劳分配制度。对社会主义按劳分配的再认识具有重大的理论意义和现实意义。
[Abstract]:Distribution according to work is one of the important features of the socialist economic system. Marx put forward the scientific theory of distribution according to work and distribution according to work as the basic principle of the socialist distribution of personal consumer goods. The theoretical basis is the general economic conditions of the advanced stage of socialism established within the scope of the whole society unified public ownership of the means of production, to achieve the full social strict planned economy. Based on Marx Engels to re-examine the theory of distribution, that distribution according to work purpose and problem to be solved is that workers should not only have their own labor value, but also get some surplus labor or surplus product distribution according to work "work" refers to the social necessary labor the time of effective labor. The core of this distribution principle is the exchange of equal labor. There is no fixed pattern of distribution according to work and distribution according to work and Marx. The theory is only guiding and principled.
Under China's planned economy system "distribution according to work" in the form of salary system: urban and rural workpoint. Its characteristics are highly centered planned distribution and serious equalitarianism tendency. It is the same single public ownership and planned economy supporting each other, and obey his needs. Its forming reasons are: according to the understanding of Marx doctrine theory of distribution; the "reference of the Soviet Union; low level acceleration strategy driven; influence Chinese traditional culture. Based on the planned economic system of our country according to the analysis of work practice, that it does not comply with the provisions of Marx according to the principle of distribution theory, which is a distortion distribution according to work.
Marx's theory of distribution according to work should keep pace with the times. Under the condition of socialist market economy according to the "work" of the distribution includes both production and labor, including non production labor. Under the socialist market economy of distribution: enterprises become the main distribution; commodity money form distribution medium; distribution object is to "realize the value in order to benefit"; labor distribution scale; the scope of distribution according to work contains greatly expanded. Under the condition of socialist market economy according to the scope of work is the role of the whole society, which can exist in the public sector of the economy, but also to mixed ownership economy, can also exist in the private economy under the condition of socialist market economy. The private enterprise is different from the capitalist private ownership enterprises. The distribution way of course is also different. Not only the role of distribution according to work in the production department, but also for For non productive sectors, according to the whole society, distribution according to work is a principle. From a micro perspective, distribution according to work is also a way of distribution. Under the socialist market economy, distribution according to work and distribution according to productive factors is compatible and overlapping. Two
Since the sharp bow + Bu Yan Lan pay for inch valves
I, from w (Hui / households) 4 people than treng
W, VAS) - 8 S TI old S
One
They depend on each other, interact with each other, and penetrate each other. According to the distribution of production factors, the distribution according to the factors of production should be obtained.
In order to realize, the principle of distribution according to work in the public ownership economy will produce a certain process of distribution of the non-public economy.
The basic meaning of distribution according to work and distribution according to the factors of production are: the system of distribution according to work and
The co-existence of the distribution system according to the factors of production; the combination of the distribution mode of labor and the mode of distribution according to the factors of production.
In the combination of the two, we must adhere to the main position of distribution according to work. We should combine the primary stage of socialism in our country.
The reality of the section is to vigorously develop the productive forces, to protect the distribution of income according to work, to uphold efficiency and to give consideration to fairness.
Speeding up the construction of the labor market and consolidating and perfecting the system of distribution according to work. Recognition of the distribution of socialism according to work
It is of great theoretical and practical significance.

【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2002
【分类号】：F014.4

【相似文献】