互动、社会资本与可持续发展中的技术扩散

发布时间：2018-04-27 21:22

本文选题：技术扩散 + 社会资本　；参考：《复旦大学》2003年博士论文

【摘要】： 可持续发展在当前已经成为全球性的话题，对于各国而言，特别是对于发展中国家而言，自然资源消耗水平的降低在很大程度上取决于他们吸收具有低消耗生产技术的能力。因为，只有当采取那些对自然资源和环境服务要求较低的新技术来取代自然资源密集型的旧技术成为可能时，经济结构的转换才能得以真正实现，同时那些旨在消除自然资源市场价格扭曲现象进而保护环境的政策才有可能、或者更有可能真正的发挥作用。因此，具备低消耗、高产出特性的新技术的扩散将在保证经济发展的可持续上扮演重要的作用。但当前主要的可持续增长宏观模型尽管已经认识到技术进步的重要性，却都没有对此进行深入的分析。一方面，大多数模型都是将技术进步作为外生的给定因素进行处理；另一方面，那些试图将技术进步内生化的研究却又往往将技术扩散过程排除在外。而就最近的一些技术扩散模型而言，它们更多将重点放在技术扩散的供给过程上，也就是“干中学”和不确定性水平（成本收益的不确定性）的降低上，却很少关注技术扩散的需求过程，特别是忽略了在需求过程中，技术的潜在应用者通过社会互动获取的信息数量和质量对技术扩散的作用。而经验研究已经表明在发展中国家，解释新技术采用概率的一个重要因素就是潜在采用者社会网络的规模（Boahene et al.，1999），这一研究意味着嵌入于社会互动的学习过程不仅是促使新技术在发展中国家扩散的根本性动力，同时也是不确定性的主要来源。因而，，体现为“决定社会互动过程的社会网络、规范和制度”的社会资本和技术扩散之间有着紧密的联系。综上所述，可持续发展过程不仅仅是一个人力资本、生产资本和自然资本相协调的过程，而且更是技术扩散内生化的动态变化过程，在此，它还间接的受到经济个体间互动关系的影响。本文构建了强调社会资本因素的技术扩散内生化的可持续增长模型，并提出了影响强可持续性发展的政策框架。本文认为受到社会资本影响的技术扩散过程对可持续发展有着内生性的决定作用，本文将在此观点基础上逐章展开以下三个方面的分析： 1、社会资本自身的决定机制； 2、社会资本对于技术扩散的影响机制； 3、技术扩散对可持续发展的影响机制。具体而言，第一篇总论包括两个部分：前言部分对研究缘起、研究思路、研究方法、意义以及全文的结构安排做出简单介绍，第二章开始讨论可持续发展的定义、测度和决定因素，以从中引出技术扩散的因素；第二篇社会资本与经济发展由三个部分构成：第三章引入社会资本，对社会资本进行理论综述和解释，让 WP=8 读者可以对这个概念进行全面的了解，从而为理解它与技术扩散之间的关系做准备。第四章是对传统的行为选择理论进行互动化的改造，为处于互动环境中的技术选择行为及其扩散提供初步的理论模型。第五章则对第三章的功能性延续，讨论社会资本与经济发展之间的关系，从中指出社会资本与微宏观经济发展之间存在的相关关系；第三篇社会资本、技术扩散与可持续发展包含三章内容：第六章展开对技术扩散决定机制的研究，创新性的将社会资本应用于技术扩散过程的分析，并进一步的分析了几种互动模型对于技术扩散的影响。第七章是构建受到社会资本影响的技术扩散内生化的可持续增长模型，其中的重点在于技术选择过程的分析上。第八章是在第七章的宏观经济模型基础上提出应用性的政策分析框架，指出在外部性的作用下，我们需要进行技术激励
[Abstract]:Sustainable development has become a global topic at present. For countries, especially for developing countries, the reduction in the level of natural resource consumption depends largely on their ability to absorb low consumption of production technology, because it is only to adopt new technologies that require low demand for natural resources and environmental services. In order to replace the natural resource intensive old technology as possible, the transformation of the economic structure can be truly realized. At the same time, the policies aimed at eliminating the distortions in the market price of natural resources and protecting the environment are possible, or more likely to play a real role. Therefore, new technologies with low consumption and high output characteristics are available. Diffusion will play an important role in ensuring the sustainability of economic development. However, the current major macro model of sustainable growth has not been deeply analyzed in spite of the importance of technological progress. On the one hand, most of the models are the treatment of technical progress as an exogenous factor; the other is the other. On the other hand, the research that attempts to make technological advances in biochemistry often excludes the process of technology diffusion, and as far as some of the recent technological diffusion models are concerned, they will focus more on the supply process of technological diffusion, namely, the reduction of "secondary school" and the level of uncertainty (the uncertainty of cost and income). The process of demand for technology diffusion, in particular, neglects the effect of the amount and quality of information obtained by the potential applications of technology in the process of demand in the process of demand. Empirical research has shown that in developing countries, an important factor in explaining the probability of the adoption of new technologies is the social network of potential adopters. Model (Boahene et al., 1999), which means that the learning process embedded in social interaction is not only the fundamental driving force for the diffusion of new technologies in developing countries, but also the main source of uncertainty. Therefore, the social capital and technology diffusion of "social networks, norms and systems that determine social interaction process" In summary, the process of sustainable development is not only a process of coordination between human capital and production capital and natural capital, but also the dynamic process of the endogenous biochemical changes in technology diffusion. In this way, it is indirectly influenced by the interaction between individual economic individuals. This paper constructs a social capital factor. Technology diffusion endogenous growth model, and put forward a strong sustainable development policy framework.
This paper holds that the technological diffusion process affected by social capital has an endogenous determinant role for sustainable development. This paper will analyze the following three aspects in chapter by chapter on the basis of this view:
1, the decision mechanism of social capital itself;
2, the influence mechanism of social capital on technology diffusion;
3, the mechanism of the impact of technology diffusion on sustainable development.
In particular, the first general theory consists of two parts: the preface gives a brief introduction to the origin of research, research ideas, research methods, significance and the structure of the full text. The second chapter begins to discuss the definition, measurement and determinants of sustainable development, in order to lead to the factors of technological diffusion; second social capital and economic development. It consists of three parts: the third chapter introduces social capital and makes a theoretical summary and explanation of social capital.
WP=8
The reader can make a comprehensive understanding of this concept so as to prepare for understanding the relationship between it and the diffusion of technology. The fourth chapter is an interactive transformation of the traditional behavior selection theory, and a preliminary theoretical model for the technology selection behavior and its diffusion in the interactive environment. The fifth chapter is the functional extension of the third chapter. Continue, discuss the relationship between social capital and economic development, and point out the relationship between social capital and micro macro economic development; third social capital, technology diffusion and sustainable development contain three chapters: the sixth chapter develops the research on the mechanism of technology diffusion, and innovatively applies social capital to technology. The analysis of the diffusion process and the further analysis of the influence of several interactive models on technology diffusion. The seventh chapter is to build a sustainable endogenous growth model of technology diffusion under the influence of social capital. The emphasis is on the analysis of the process of technology selection. The eighth chapter is based on the macro economic model of the seventh chapter. The policy analysis framework of usability points out that under the influence of externalities, we need technical incentives.

【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：F062.4

【引证文献】