排污权交易一级市场与二级市场交易模型研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 23:44

本文选题：排污权交易 + 市场结构　；参考：《重庆大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着科学技术的不断进步,人类对自然的改造,不论从深度上还是广度上都不断扩展,特别是工业革命以来,生产力的释放刺激世界经济的迅猛发展。但同时,也带来了环境的破坏等负面影响,使经济增长与环境保护之间的矛盾日益凸显。因此多年来各国政府纷纷采用各种手段以图解决上述矛盾。排污权交易制度就是其中之一。所谓排污权交易是在承认环境容量资源有限的前提下,将其商品化,并采用市场模式允许治污成本不同的企业对环境资源的使用权进行交易,以实现一定的环境治理目标的一种手段,事实证明它能够较好地协调经济发展与环境保护的关系,是一项成本效益高的环境政策。本文以排污权交易为研究对象,在对排污权交易相关概念进行界定和国内外研究现状汇总基础上,对排污权交易的市场结构进行分析,构建了排污权交易一级市场和二级市场的交易模型。本文主要对以下问题进行了探讨: 首先,对排污权交易相关概念和国内外研究现状进行界定和总结,在此基础上分析了排污权交易的市场结构。分析后发现排污权交易制度可抽象为以下组成部分:确定排污权的总量规则、排污权交易一级市场(配额市场)、排污权交易二级市场(交易市场)以及排污权市场管理规则。发现各部之间既有继起性又有关联性,每一项大的规则又由若干子规则组成,且各部分间具有密切的内在联系。对比后发现,排污权交易制度的结构中,核心和重点是排污权交易一级市场和排污权交易二级市场。其次,论文对排污权交易一级市场和二级市场中参与主体的行为进行分析。在排污权交易一级市场中,参与主体分别为政府和排污企业,政府处于主导地位。分析表明,通过政府的干预,排污权交易一级市场会是稳定收敛的市场。排污权交易二级市场是具有不同边际治污成本的企业进行排污许可证交易的场所,通过市场的作用对环境容量资源进行优化配置,其交易的动力是企业之间的不同治污成本。最后,借鉴拍卖理论和演化博弈论构建了排污权交易一级市场交易模型和基于高低匹配的排污权交易二级市场交易模型,分析后表明:在排污权交易一级市场中,对于不同排污许可证分配量,政府可以通过制定不同价格策略来使得一级市场稳定收敛;二级市场中,通过引入高低匹配交易模式,可有效地规避市场交易中出现的买卖双方的信息不对称现象,促使双方如实地报价。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, the transformation of nature has been expanded in depth and breadth, especially since the Industrial Revolution, the release of productive forces has stimulated the rapid development of the world economy. But at the same time, it also brings environmental damage and other negative effects, which makes the contradiction between economic growth and environmental protection increasingly prominent. As a result, governments have used various means to resolve these contradictions for many years. Emissions trading system is one of them. The so-called emission trading is based on the recognition of the limited capacity of environmental resources, commercialization, and the adoption of a market model to allow enterprises with different pollution control costs to trade the right to use environmental resources. It has been proved that it can coordinate the relationship between economic development and environmental protection and is a cost-effective environmental policy. This paper takes emission trading as the research object, and analyzes the market structure of emission trading on the basis of defining the relevant concepts of emission trading and summarizing the domestic and foreign research status. The trading model of primary market and secondary market of emission trading is constructed. This paper mainly discusses the following problems: Firstly, it defines and summarizes the related concepts of emission trading and the current research situation at home and abroad, and then analyzes the market structure of emission trading. It is found that the emission trading system can be abstracted into the following parts: determining the total amount of emission rights, the primary market of emission trading (quota market), the secondary market of emission trading (trading market) and the regulation of market management of emission rights. It is found that there is both succession and correlation among each part, and each big rule is composed of several sub-rules, and each part has close internal relation. It is found that in the structure of the emission trading system, the core and emphasis are the primary market of emission trading and the secondary market of emission trading. Secondly, the paper analyzes the behavior of the participants in the primary market and secondary market. In the primary market of emission trading, the main bodies are the government and the emission enterprises respectively, and the government is in the leading position. The analysis shows that the primary market of emission trading is stable and convergent through government intervention. The secondary market of emission trading is a place for enterprises with different marginal pollution control costs to trade in emission permits. Through the role of the market, the optimal allocation of environmental capacity resources is carried out, and the motive force of trading is the different pollution control costs among enterprises. Finally, based on the auction theory and evolutionary game theory, the first market trading model of emission trading and the secondary market trading model of emissions trading based on high and low matching are constructed. The analysis shows that: in the first level market of emission trading, For different emission permit allocations, the government can make the primary market converge stably by formulating different pricing strategies; in the secondary market, by introducing a high and low match trading model, It can effectively avoid the information asymmetry between buyer and seller in the market transaction, and urge both parties to quote the price truthfully.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：X196

【引证文献】